12 Monkeys, also known as Twelve Monkeys, is a 1995 American science fiction film directed by Terry Gilliam, inspired by Chris Marker's 1962 short film La Jetée, starring Bruce Willis, Madeleine Stowe, and Brad Pitt, with Christopher Plummer and David Morse in supporting roles.
The majority of visual effects sequences were created by Peerless Camera, the London-based effects studio that Gilliam founded in the late 1970s with visual effects supervisor Kent Houston (The Golden Compass, Casino Royale).
Meanwhile, Cole is troubled by dreams involving a foot chase and shooting at an airport. Cole arrives in Baltimore, 1990, not 1996 as planned; he is arrested and incarcerated at a mental hospital on the diagnosis of Dr.
When they confront Goines, he denies any involvement with the group and says that, in 1990, Cole originated the idea of wiping out humanity with a virus stolen from Goines' virologist father. Cole is transported back to 2035 where he reaffirms to the scientists his commitment to his mission.
12 Monkeys, also known as Twelve Monkeys, is a 1995 American science fiction film directed by Terry Gilliam, inspired by Chris Marker's 1962 short film La Jetée, starring Bruce Willis, Madeleine Stowe, and Brad Pitt, with Christopher Plummer and David Morse in supporting roles.
After Universal Studios acquired the rights to remake La Jetée as a full-length film, David and Janet Peoples were hired to write the script. Under Gilliam's direction, Universal granted the filmmakers a $29.5 million budget, and filming lasted from February to May 1995.
In Philadelphia, months before filming, Pitt spent weeks at Temple University's hospital, visiting and studying the psychiatric ward to prepare for his role. === Filming === Principal photography lasted from February 8 to May 6, 1995.
The film is significant in the genre of science-fiction film noir, and it alludes to various "canonical noir" films. ==Release== ===Box office=== 12 Monkeys was given a limited release in the United States on December 29, 1995.
The film also won and was nominated for various categories at the Saturn Awards. == Plot == A deadly virus, released in 1996, wipes out almost all of humanity, forcing survivors to live underground.
Meanwhile, Cole is troubled by dreams involving a foot chase and shooting at an airport. Cole arrives in Baltimore, 1990, not 1996 as planned; he is arrested and incarcerated at a mental hospital on the diagnosis of Dr.
Cole accidentally arrives at a battlefield during World War I, is shot in the leg and then transported to 1996. In 1996, Railly gives a lecture about the Cassandra complex to a group of scientists.
But when he finds Railly again in 1996, he tells her he now believes himself crazy as she had suggested.
When the 1,629-theater wide release came on January 5, 1996, the film earned $13.84 million in its opening weekend.
Arrow Films released a new Blu-ray of the film on October 15, 2018, containing a new transfer of the film, remastered in 4K from the original negative, all of the previous extras, as well as a vintage 1996 interview with Terry Gilliam, and an interview with Gilliam scholar Ian Christie. == Post-release == === Lebbeus Woods lawsuit === In the beginning of the film, Cole is brought into the interrogation room and told to sit in a chair attached to a vertical rail on the wall.
Architect Lebbeus Woods filed a lawsuit against Universal in February 1996, claiming that his work "Neomechanical Tower (Upper) Chamber" was used without permission.
Pitt and Weiss won awards at the ceremony as well; Gilliam, Bruce Willis, Madeleine Stowe, and writers David and Janet Peoples also received nominations. ===Home media=== Universal Pictures released 12 Monkeys on VHS on January 28, 1997.
They also released a "Signature Collection" LaserDisc of the film on February 18, 1997, containing an audio commentary by director Terry Gilliam and producer Charles Roven, The Hamster Factor and Other Tales of Twelve Monkeys (a making-of documentary), an archive of production art, and production notes. They released a Collector's Edition DVD on March 31, 1998, containing the same extras as the LaserDisc.
They also released a "Signature Collection" LaserDisc of the film on February 18, 1997, containing an audio commentary by director Terry Gilliam and producer Charles Roven, The Hamster Factor and Other Tales of Twelve Monkeys (a making-of documentary), an archive of production art, and production notes. They released a Collector's Edition DVD on March 31, 1998, containing the same extras as the LaserDisc.
They released a Special Edition DVD on May 10, 2005, with a new transfer of the film and identical extras.
They released an HD DVD on March 4, 2008, with the same extras.
They released a Blu-ray Disc on July 28, 2009, with the same extras.
Woods won his lawsuit, requiring Universal to remove the scenes, but he ultimately allowed their inclusion in exchange for a "high six-figure cash settlement" from Universal. === Trilogy claims === After the release of The Zero Theorem in 2013, claims were made that Gilliam had meant it as part of a trilogy.
A 2013 review for The Guardian newspaper said, "Calling it [The Zero Theorem] the third part of a trilogy formed by earlier dystopian satires Brazil and Twelve Monkeys [sic]"; but in an interview with Alex Suskind for Indiewire in late 2014, Gilliam said, "Well, it's funny, this trilogy was never something I ever said, but it's been repeated so often it's clearly true [laughs].
I don't know who started it but once it started it never stopped". === TV adaptation === On August 26, 2013, Entertainment Weekly announced that Syfy was developing a 12 Monkeys television series based on the film.
Production began in November 2013.
In April 2014, Syfy green-lighted the first season, which consisted of 13 episodes, including the pilot filmed in 2013.
A 2013 review for The Guardian newspaper said, "Calling it [The Zero Theorem] the third part of a trilogy formed by earlier dystopian satires Brazil and Twelve Monkeys [sic]"; but in an interview with Alex Suskind for Indiewire in late 2014, Gilliam said, "Well, it's funny, this trilogy was never something I ever said, but it's been repeated so often it's clearly true [laughs].
In April 2014, Syfy green-lighted the first season, which consisted of 13 episodes, including the pilot filmed in 2013.
The series premiered on January 16, 2015.
On March 12, 2015, the series was renewed for a second season that began airing in April 2016.
On March 12, 2015, the series was renewed for a second season that began airing in April 2016.
On June 29, 2016, the series was renewed for a 10-episode third season, set to premiere in 2017.
On June 29, 2016, the series was renewed for a 10-episode third season, set to premiere in 2017.
A fourth and final season was announced on March 16, 2017.
Arrow Films released a new Blu-ray of the film on October 15, 2018, containing a new transfer of the film, remastered in 4K from the original negative, all of the previous extras, as well as a vintage 1996 interview with Terry Gilliam, and an interview with Gilliam scholar Ian Christie. == Post-release == === Lebbeus Woods lawsuit === In the beginning of the film, Cole is brought into the interrogation room and told to sit in a chair attached to a vertical rail on the wall.
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