African National Congress

1911

It can be said that the SANNC had its origins in a pronouncement by Pixley ka Isaka Seme who said in 1911, "Forget all the past differences among Africans and unite in one national organisation." The SANNC was founded the following year on 8 January 1912. The government of the newly formed Union of South Africa began a systematic oppression of black people in South Africa.

1912

Cyril Ramaphosa, the incumbent President of South Africa, has served as leader of the ANC since 18 December 2017. Founded on 8 January 1912 by John Langalibalele Dube in Bloemfontein as the South African Native National Congress (SANNC), its primary mission was to bring all Africans together as one people, to defend their rights and freedoms.

It can be said that the SANNC had its origins in a pronouncement by Pixley ka Isaka Seme who said in 1911, "Forget all the past differences among Africans and unite in one national organisation." The SANNC was founded the following year on 8 January 1912. The government of the newly formed Union of South Africa began a systematic oppression of black people in South Africa.

1913

The Land Act was promulgated in 1913 forcing many black South Africans from their farms into the cities and towns to work, and to restrict their movement within South Africa. By 1919, the SANNC was leading a campaign against passes (an ID which black South Africans had to possess).

1919

The Land Act was promulgated in 1913 forcing many black South Africans from their farms into the cities and towns to work, and to restrict their movement within South Africa. By 1919, the SANNC was leading a campaign against passes (an ID which black South Africans had to possess).

1923

In 1923, the organisation became the African National Congress, and in 1929 the ANC supported a militant mineworkers' strike. By 1927, J.T.

1927

In 1923, the organisation became the African National Congress, and in 1929 the ANC supported a militant mineworkers' strike. By 1927, J.T.

1929

In 1923, the organisation became the African National Congress, and in 1929 the ANC supported a militant mineworkers' strike. By 1927, J.T.

1930

Gumede (president of the ANC) proposed co-operation with the Communists in a bid to revitalise the organisation, but he was voted out of power in the 1930s.

1950

This led to a later Defiance Campaign in the 1950s, a mass movement of resistance to apartheid.

1960

On 8 April 1960, the administration of Charles Robberts Swart banned the ANC in South Africa.

Partly in response to the Sharpeville massacre of 1960, individual members of the ANC found it necessary to consider violence to combat what passive protests had failed to quell. In co-operation with the South African Communist Party, MK was founded in 1961.

1961

Partly in response to the Sharpeville massacre of 1960, individual members of the ANC found it necessary to consider violence to combat what passive protests had failed to quell. In co-operation with the South African Communist Party, MK was founded in 1961.

1990

On 3 February 1990, State President F.

de Klerk lifted the ban on the ANC and released Nelson Mandela from prison on 11 February 1990.

Discussions and negotiations took place leading to the eventual unbanning of the ANC and other opposing political parties by then President de Klerk on 2 February 1990. The next official step towards rebuilding South Africa was the Groote Schuur Minute where the government and the ANC agreed on a common commitment towards resolving the existing climate of violence and intimidation and a commitment to stability and to a peaceful process of negotiations.

1991

These measures ensured no one could claim, or be deprived of, any land rights on the basis of race. In December 1991 the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA) was held with the aim of establishing an interim government.

1992

On 17 March 1992, the apartheid referendum was passed by the white only electorate, removing apartheid and allowing the ANC to run in the 1994 election, which for the first time allowed all South Africans to vote for their national government.

However, a few months later in June 1992 the Boipatong massacre occurred and all negotiations crumbled as the ANC pulled out.

1994

It has been the ruling party of post-apartheid South Africa since the election of Nelson Mandela in the 1994 election, winning every election since then.

On 17 March 1992, the apartheid referendum was passed by the white only electorate, removing apartheid and allowing the ANC to run in the 1994 election, which for the first time allowed all South Africans to vote for their national government.

Since the 1994 election the ANC has performed better than 55% in all general elections, including the most recent 2019 election.

It was integrated into the South African National Defence Force by 1994. The ANC and its members were officially removed from the US terrorism watch list in 2008. ==Ideology== The ANC deems itself a force of national liberation in the post-apartheid era; it officially defines its agenda as the National Democratic Revolution.

A date was set for the first democratic elections on 27 April 1994.

2004

Some of the many theoreticians that have written about the NDR include Joe Slovo, Joel Netshitenzhe and Tshilidzi Marwala. In 2004, the ANC declared itself to be a social democratic party. The 53rd National Conference of the ANC, held in 2015, stated in its "Discussion Document" that "China economic development trajectory remains a leading example of the triumph of humanity over adversity.

2008

It was integrated into the South African National Defence Force by 1994. The ANC and its members were officially removed from the US terrorism watch list in 2008. ==Ideology== The ANC deems itself a force of national liberation in the post-apartheid era; it officially defines its agenda as the National Democratic Revolution.

2011

However, the party has been embroiled in a number of controversies since 2011. ==History== The founding of the SANNC was in direct response to injustice against black South Africans at the hands of the government then in power.

This has resulted in the "No Land! No House! No Vote!" Campaign which became very prominent during elections. In 2018, the New York Times reported on the killings of ANC corruption whistleblowers. ===Condemnation over Secrecy Bill=== In late 2011 the ANC was heavily criticised over the passage of the Protection of State Information Bill, which opponents claimed would improperly restrict the freedom of the press.

2012

de Klerk have expressed disappointment with the bill for not meeting standards of constitutionality and aspirations for freedom of information and expression. ===Role in the Marikana killings=== The ANC have been criticised for its role in failing to prevent 16 August 2012 massacre of Lonmin miners at Marikana in the North West.

2015

Some of the many theoreticians that have written about the NDR include Joe Slovo, Joel Netshitenzhe and Tshilidzi Marwala. In 2004, the ANC declared itself to be a social democratic party. The 53rd National Conference of the ANC, held in 2015, stated in its "Discussion Document" that "China economic development trajectory remains a leading example of the triumph of humanity over adversity.

2017

Cyril Ramaphosa, the incumbent President of South Africa, has served as leader of the ANC since 18 December 2017. Founded on 8 January 1912 by John Langalibalele Dube in Bloemfontein as the South African Native National Congress (SANNC), its primary mission was to bring all Africans together as one people, to defend their rights and freedoms.

2018

This has resulted in the "No Land! No House! No Vote!" Campaign which became very prominent during elections. In 2018, the New York Times reported on the killings of ANC corruption whistleblowers. ===Condemnation over Secrecy Bill=== In late 2011 the ANC was heavily criticised over the passage of the Protection of State Information Bill, which opponents claimed would improperly restrict the freedom of the press.

2019

Since the 1994 election the ANC has performed better than 55% in all general elections, including the most recent 2019 election.




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