Algiers lost from 30,000 to 50,000 inhabitants to the plague in 1620–21, and suffered high fatalities in 1654–57, 1665, 1691 and 1740–42. In 1671, the taifa rebelled, killed the agha, and placed one of its own in power.
In 1629 pirate ships from Algeria raided the Faroe Islands. Barbary raids in the Mediterranean continued to attack Spanish merchant shipping, and as a result, the Spanish Navy bombarded Algiers in 1783 and 1784.
In 1629 pirate ships from Algeria raided the Faroe Islands. Barbary raids in the Mediterranean continued to attack Spanish merchant shipping, and as a result, the Spanish Navy bombarded Algiers in 1783 and 1784.
For the attack in 1784, the Spanish fleet was to be joined by ships from such traditional enemies of Algiers as Naples, Portugal and the Knights of Malta.
With the aid of this force, Hayreddin conquered the whole area between Constantine and Oran (although the city of Oran remained in Spanish hands until 1792). The next beylerbey was Hayreddin's son Hasan, who assumed the position in 1544.
The presidios in North Africa turned out to be a costly and largely ineffective military endeavour that did not guarantee access for Spain's merchant fleet. ===Ottoman era=== The region of Algeria was partially ruled by Ottomans for three centuries from 1516 to 1830.
These efforts proved successful, although Algerian piracy would continue until the French conquest in 1830. Despite being removed from Algeria in the 19th century, Spain retained a presence in Morocco.
Algeria consistently opposed Spanish fortresses and control in nearby Morocco through the 20th century. ===French colonization (1830–1962)=== Under the pretext of a slight to their consul, the French invaded and captured Algiers in 1830.
The war had killed approximately 825,000 indigenous Algerians since 1830." French losses from 1831 to 1851 were 92,329 dead in the hospital and only 3,336 killed in action.
The war had killed approximately 825,000 indigenous Algerians since 1830." French losses from 1831 to 1851 were 92,329 dead in the hospital and only 3,336 killed in action.
The war had killed approximately 825,000 indigenous Algerians since 1830." French losses from 1831 to 1851 were 92,329 dead in the hospital and only 3,336 killed in action.
The population of Algeria, which stood at about 2.9 million in 1872, reached nearly 11 million in 1960.
Historian Ben Kiernan wrote on the French conquest of Algeria: "By 1875, the French conquest was complete.
The population of Algeria, which stood at about 2.9 million in 1872, reached nearly 11 million in 1960.
Neolithic civilization (animal domestication and agriculture) developed in the Saharan and Mediterranean Maghreb perhaps as early as 11,000 BC or as late as between 6000 and 2000 BC.
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