Students on Curaçao, Aruba, and Bonaire were taught predominantly in Spanish until the late 18th century. During the Napoleonic Wars the British Empire took control of the island, occupying it between 1806 and 1816, before handing it back to the Dutch as per the terms of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814.
Students on Curaçao, Aruba, and Bonaire were taught predominantly in Spanish until the late 18th century. During the Napoleonic Wars the British Empire took control of the island, occupying it between 1806 and 1816, before handing it back to the Dutch as per the terms of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814.
When Dutch rule resumed in 1815, officials already noted wide use of the language. Aruba has newspapers published in Papiamento: Diario, Bon Dia, Solo di Pueblo, and Awe Mainta, English: Aruba Daily, Aruba Today, and The News, and Dutch: Amigoe.
Students on Curaçao, Aruba, and Bonaire were taught predominantly in Spanish until the late 18th century. During the Napoleonic Wars the British Empire took control of the island, occupying it between 1806 and 1816, before handing it back to the Dutch as per the terms of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814.
Aloe was introduced to Aruba in 1840 but did not become a big export until 1890.
Aloe was introduced to Aruba in 1840 but did not become a big export until 1890.
During the 19th century an economy based on gold mining, phosphate production and aloe vera plantations developed, however the island remained a relatively poor backwater. ===20th and 21st centuries=== The first oil refinery in Aruba was built in 1928 by Royal Dutch Shell.
1911/1912, 1930/1931, 1982/1983, 1997/1998) to over in La Niña years like 1933/1934, 1970/1971 or 1988/1989. ==Demographics== In terms of country of birth, the population is estimated to be 66% Aruban, 9.1% Colombian, 4.3% Dutch, 4.1% Dominican, 3.2% Venezuelan, 2.2% Curaçaoan, 1.5% Haitian, 1.2% Surinamese, 1.1% Peruvian, 1.1% Chinese, 6.2% other. In terms of ethnic composition, the population is estimated to be 75% mestizo, 15% black and 10% other ethnicities.
1911/1912, 1930/1931, 1982/1983, 1997/1998) to over in La Niña years like 1933/1934, 1970/1971 or 1988/1989. ==Demographics== In terms of country of birth, the population is estimated to be 66% Aruban, 9.1% Colombian, 4.3% Dutch, 4.1% Dominican, 3.2% Venezuelan, 2.2% Curaçaoan, 1.5% Haitian, 1.2% Surinamese, 1.1% Peruvian, 1.1% Chinese, 6.2% other. In terms of ethnic composition, the population is estimated to be 75% mestizo, 15% black and 10% other ethnicities.
In 1940, the oil facilities in Aruba came under the administration of the Dutch government-in-exile in London, causing them to be attacked by the German navy in 1942. In August 1947, Aruba presented its first Staatsreglement (constitution) for Aruba's status aparte as an autonomous state within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, prompted by the efforts of Henny Eman, a noted Aruban politician.
In 1940, the oil facilities in Aruba came under the administration of the Dutch government-in-exile in London, causing them to be attacked by the German navy in 1942. In August 1947, Aruba presented its first Staatsreglement (constitution) for Aruba's status aparte as an autonomous state within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, prompted by the efforts of Henny Eman, a noted Aruban politician.
In 1940, the oil facilities in Aruba came under the administration of the Dutch government-in-exile in London, causing them to be attacked by the German navy in 1942. In August 1947, Aruba presented its first Staatsreglement (constitution) for Aruba's status aparte as an autonomous state within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, prompted by the efforts of Henny Eman, a noted Aruban politician.
Its celebration in Aruba started in the 1950s, influenced by the inhabitants from Venezuela and the nearby islands (Curaçao, St.
By 1954, the Charter of the Kingdom of the Netherlands was established, providing a framework for relations between Aruba and the rest of the Kingdom.
- The Family in the Caribbean: Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on the Family in the Caribbean, Aruba, 1969. Green, Vera M.
1911/1912, 1930/1931, 1982/1983, 1997/1998) to over in La Niña years like 1933/1934, 1970/1971 or 1988/1989. ==Demographics== In terms of country of birth, the population is estimated to be 66% Aruban, 9.1% Colombian, 4.3% Dutch, 4.1% Dominican, 3.2% Venezuelan, 2.2% Curaçaoan, 1.5% Haitian, 1.2% Surinamese, 1.1% Peruvian, 1.1% Chinese, 6.2% other. In terms of ethnic composition, the population is estimated to be 75% mestizo, 15% black and 10% other ethnicities.
Many Arubans were unhappy at the arrangement, however, as the new polity was perceived as being dominated by Curaçao. In 1972, at a conference in Suriname, Betico Croes, a politician from Aruba, proposed the creation of a Dutch Commonwealth of four states: Aruba, the Netherlands, Suriname, and the Netherlands Antilles, each to have its own nationality.
Backed by his newly created party (the Movimiento Electoral di Pueblo), Croes sought greater autonomy for Aruba, with the long-term goal of independence, adopting the trappings of an independent state in 1976 with the creation of a flag and national anthem.
In March 1977, a referendum was held with the support of the United Nations; 82% of the participants voted for complete independence from the Netherlands.
Tensions mounted as Croes stepped up the pressure on the Dutch government by organising a general strike in 1977.
1911/1912, 1930/1931, 1982/1983, 1997/1998) to over in La Niña years like 1933/1934, 1970/1971 or 1988/1989. ==Demographics== In terms of country of birth, the population is estimated to be 66% Aruban, 9.1% Colombian, 4.3% Dutch, 4.1% Dominican, 3.2% Venezuelan, 2.2% Curaçaoan, 1.5% Haitian, 1.2% Surinamese, 1.1% Peruvian, 1.1% Chinese, 6.2% other. In terms of ethnic composition, the population is estimated to be 75% mestizo, 15% black and 10% other ethnicities.
In August 1985, Aruba drafted a constitution that was unanimously approved.
However, Croes was seriously injured in a traffic accident in 1985, slipping into a coma; he died in 1986, never seeing the enaction of status aparte for Aruba for which he had worked over many years.
On 1 January 1986, after elections were held for its first parliament, Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles, officially becoming a country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, with full independence planned for 1996.
However, Croes was seriously injured in a traffic accident in 1985, slipping into a coma; he died in 1986, never seeing the enaction of status aparte for Aruba for which he had worked over many years.
After his death in 1986, Croes was proclaimed Libertador di Aruba.
1911/1912, 1930/1931, 1982/1983, 1997/1998) to over in La Niña years like 1933/1934, 1970/1971 or 1988/1989. ==Demographics== In terms of country of birth, the population is estimated to be 66% Aruban, 9.1% Colombian, 4.3% Dutch, 4.1% Dominican, 3.2% Venezuelan, 2.2% Curaçaoan, 1.5% Haitian, 1.2% Surinamese, 1.1% Peruvian, 1.1% Chinese, 6.2% other. In terms of ethnic composition, the population is estimated to be 75% mestizo, 15% black and 10% other ethnicities.
As a result, Aruba pushed for a dramatic increase in tourism, with this sector growing to become the island's largest industry. At a convention in The Hague in 1990, at the request of Aruba's Prime Minister Nelson Oduber, the governments of Aruba, the Netherlands, and the Netherlands Antilles postponed indefinitely Aruba's transition to full independence.
The article scheduling Aruba's complete independence was rescinded in 1995, although the process could be revived after another referendum. ==Geography== Aruba is a generally flat, riverless island in the Leeward Antilles island arc of the Lesser Antilles in the southern part of the Caribbean.
On 1 January 1986, after elections were held for its first parliament, Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles, officially becoming a country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, with full independence planned for 1996.
1911/1912, 1930/1931, 1982/1983, 1997/1998) to over in La Niña years like 1933/1934, 1970/1971 or 1988/1989. ==Demographics== In terms of country of birth, the population is estimated to be 66% Aruban, 9.1% Colombian, 4.3% Dutch, 4.1% Dominican, 3.2% Venezuelan, 2.2% Curaçaoan, 1.5% Haitian, 1.2% Surinamese, 1.1% Peruvian, 1.1% Chinese, 6.2% other. In terms of ethnic composition, the population is estimated to be 75% mestizo, 15% black and 10% other ethnicities.
Furthermore, in 1999, the U.S.
Customs and Border Protection (CBP) has a full pre-clearance facility since 1 February 2001 when Queen Beatrix Airport expanded.
It was a popular tourist destination until its collapse in 2005. ===Cities and towns=== The island, with a population of about 116,600 people (July 2018 est.) does not have major cities.
According to the Bureau Burgelijke Stand en Bevolkingsregister (BBSB), in 2005 there were ninety-two different nationalities living on the island.
By 2006, the government's debt had grown to 1.883 billion Aruban florins.
In 2006, the Aruban government changed several tax laws to reduce the deficit.
In 2007, new immigration laws were introduced to help control the growth of the population by restricting foreign workers to a maximum of three years residency on the island.
(W.E.B.) produces potable water; its eponymous plant was one of the world's largest desalination plants as of 2007.
Since 2008, Aruba has been the only island to have this service for private flights. Aruba has a large and well-developed tourism industry, receiving 1,082,000 tourists who stayed overnight in its territory in 2018.
In recent years a letter of intent was signed with CITGO (the US subsidiary of the Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA) to explore the possibility of reopening the refinery again. Until 2009, the Netherlands granted development aid to Aruba.
This aid was discontinued at Aruba's request in 2009.
Its land covers and is quite densely populated, by 101,484 inhabitants, as at the 2010 Census.
Unemployment is low (although the government has not published statistics since 2013) and per capita income is one of the highest in the Caribbean (approximately $24,087).
Since 2015, however, a form of financial supervision has been reintroduced because Aruba's debt has risen sharply to over 80% of GDP. Aruba also has two free trade zones (Barcadera and Bushiri), where import and export and the movement of services are tax-free. ===Tourism=== About of the Aruban gross national product is earned through tourism and related activities.
In 2016, Aruba had 0.57 global hectares of biocapacity per person within its territory, much less than the world average of 1.6 global hectares per person.
In 2016 Aruba used 6.5 global hectares of biocapacity per person - their ecological footprint of consumption.
The GDP per capita (PPP) for Aruba was estimated to be $37,500 in 2017.
According to some sources the 2017/2018 cruise season brought $102.8 million to Aruba's economy.
It was a popular tourist destination until its collapse in 2005. ===Cities and towns=== The island, with a population of about 116,600 people (July 2018 est.) does not have major cities.
At the end of 2018, the labor force participation rate was 56.6% for women. Until the mid-1980s, Aruba's main industry was oil refining.
Since 2008, Aruba has been the only island to have this service for private flights. Aruba has a large and well-developed tourism industry, receiving 1,082,000 tourists who stayed overnight in its territory in 2018.
In 2018 there were 40,231 visitors from the Netherlands.
With 334 "cruise calls", Aruba received 815,161 cruise tourists in 2018.
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