The Lumière brothers (, ; ), Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their Cinématographe motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905.
The Lumière brothers (, ; ), Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their Cinématographe motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905.
They moved to Lyon in 1870, where son Edouard and three daughters were born.
it teetered on the verge of bankruptcy, and by 1882 it looked as if they would fail.
When Auguste returned from military service, the boys designed the machines necessary to automate their father's plate production and devised a very successful new photo plate, 'etiquettes bleue', and by 1884 the factory employed a dozen workers. They patented several significant processes leading up to their film camera, most notably film perforations (originally implemented by Emile Reynaud) as a means of advancing the film through the camera and projector.
Less-known predecessors, such as Jules Duboscq's Bioscope were not projected. Louis Le Prince's Roundhay Garden Scene (1888) is now widely regarded as the first example of filmed moving pictures, but Le Prince disappeared without a trace in 1890 before he managed to present his work or publish about it. William Friese-Greene patented a "machine camera" in 1889, which embodied many aspects of later film cameras.
They worked on colour photographic processes in the 1890s including the Lippmann process (interference heliochromy) and their own 'bichromated glue' process, a subtractive colour process, examples of which were exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1900.
Less-known predecessors, such as Jules Duboscq's Bioscope were not projected. Louis Le Prince's Roundhay Garden Scene (1888) is now widely regarded as the first example of filmed moving pictures, but Le Prince disappeared without a trace in 1890 before he managed to present his work or publish about it. William Friese-Greene patented a "machine camera" in 1889, which embodied many aspects of later film cameras.
He displayed the results at photographic societies in 1890 and developed further cameras but did not publicly project the results. Ottomar Anschütz's Electrotachyscope projected very short loops of high photographic quality. Thomas Edison believed projection of films wasn't as viable a business model as offering the films in the "peepshow" kinetoscope device.
The original cinématographe had been patented by Léon Guillaume Bouly on 12 February 1892.
In an interview with Georges Sadoul given in 1948, Louis Lumière claimed that he shot the film in August 1894 - before the arrival of the kinetoscope in France.
Thomas Edison's Kinetoscope (developed by William Kennedy Dickson), premiered publicly in 1894. Kazimierz Prószyński allegedly built his camera and projecting device, called Pleograph, in 1894. Lauste and Latham's Eidoloscope was demonstrated for members of the press on 21 April 1895, and opened to the paying public on Broadway on 20 May.
The Lumière brothers (, ; ), Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their Cinématographe motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905.
Their screening of a single film on 22 March 1895 for around 200 members of the "Society for the Development of the National Industry" in Paris was probably the first presentation of projected film.
The brothers patented their own version on 13 February 1895. The date of the recording of their first film is in dispute.
This is questioned by historians, who consider that a functional Lumière camera did not exist before the beginning of 1895. The Lumière brothers saw film as a novelty and had withdrawn from the film business by 1905.
They are buried in a family tomb in the New Guillotière Cemetery in Lyon. ==First film screenings== On 22 March 1895 in Paris, at the "Society for the Development of the National Industry", in front of a small audience, one of whom was said to be Léon Gaumont, then director of the company the Comptoir Géneral de la Photographie, the Lumières privately screened a single film, La Sortie de l'usine Lumière à Lyon.
The American Woodville Latham screened films to a paying public two months later on 20 May 1895 at 156 Broadway, New York City. The Lumières gave their first paid public screening on 28 December 1895, at Salon Indien du Grand Café in Paris.
Thomas Edison's Kinetoscope (developed by William Kennedy Dickson), premiered publicly in 1894. Kazimierz Prószyński allegedly built his camera and projecting device, called Pleograph, in 1894. Lauste and Latham's Eidoloscope was demonstrated for members of the press on 21 April 1895, and opened to the paying public on Broadway on 20 May.
The Eidoloscope Company was dissolved in 1896 after various internal disputes. Max and Emil Skladanowsky, inventors of the Bioscop, had offered projected moving images to a paying public in Berlin from 1 November 1895 until the end of the month.
. ==External links== The Lumiere Brothers, Pioneers of Cinema Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale Major Exhibition Casts New Light on the Lumières by David Robinson The films shown at the first public screening (QuickTime format) — 26 December 1895.
The Eidoloscope Company was dissolved in 1896 after various internal disputes. Max and Emil Skladanowsky, inventors of the Bioscop, had offered projected moving images to a paying public in Berlin from 1 November 1895 until the end of the month.
They worked on colour photographic processes in the 1890s including the Lippmann process (interference heliochromy) and their own 'bichromated glue' process, a subtractive colour process, examples of which were exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1900.
In 1903 they patented a colour photographic process, the Autochrome Lumière, which was launched on the market in 1907.
The Lumière brothers (, ; ), Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their Cinématographe motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905.
This is questioned by historians, who consider that a functional Lumière camera did not exist before the beginning of 1895. The Lumière brothers saw film as a novelty and had withdrawn from the film business by 1905.
Nonetheless, they toured their films to other countries. == See also == Auguste Lumière Louis Lumière 1895 in film 1896 in film 19th century in film History of film L'Idéal Cinéma Jacques Tati in Aniche the oldest still-active cinéma in the world, though not continuously, since 23 November 1905. List of works by Louis Botinelly Place Ambroise-Courtois ==References== ===Notes=== ===Bibliography=== Chardère, B.
In 1903 they patented a colour photographic process, the Autochrome Lumière, which was launched on the market in 1907.
The Lumière brothers (, ; ), Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their Cinématographe motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905.
In an interview with Georges Sadoul given in 1948, Louis Lumière claimed that he shot the film in August 1894 - before the arrival of the kinetoscope in France.
They went on to develop the first practical photographic colour process, the Lumière Autochrome. Louis died on 6 June 1948 and Auguste on 10 April 1954.
The Lumière brothers (, ; ), Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their Cinématographe motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905.
They went on to develop the first practical photographic colour process, the Lumière Autochrome. Louis died on 6 June 1948 and Auguste on 10 April 1954.
Paris: Bibliothèque des Arts, 1985.
Seyssel, France: Champ Vallon, 1985.
Paris: Gallimard, 1995.
New York: Pearson Longman, 2006.
Los Angeles: Getty Publications, 2013.
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