Although funded and owned by the government, the ABC remains editorially independent as ensured, also through the 1983 act. The ABC is sometimes informally referred to as "Aunty", originally in imitation of the British Broadcasting Corporation's nickname. ==History== ===1920s–40s=== The first public radio station in Australia opened in Sydney on 23 November 1923 under the call sign 2SB, with other stations in Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth, and Hobart following.
The ABC is a publicly owned and funded body that is politically independent and fully accountable, with its charter enshrined in legislation, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983. The ABC has its origins in the Australian Broadcasting Company, which began in 1924 as a private company and was contracted to provide public broadcasting from 1929.
The ABC's headquarters is in Ultimo, an inner-city suburb of Sydney. ==Origins== Founded in 1924 as the Australian Broadcasting Company, the ABC was a government-licensed consortium of private entertainment and content providers, authorised under government supervision to broadcast on the airwaves using a two-tiered system.
A licensing scheme, administered by the Postmaster-General's Department, was soon established allowing certain stations government funding, albeit with restrictions placed on their advertising content. Following a 1927 royal commission inquiry into radio licensing, the government established the National Broadcasting Service, which subsequently took over a number of the larger funded stations.
The ABC is a publicly owned and funded body that is politically independent and fully accountable, with its charter enshrined in legislation, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983. The ABC has its origins in the Australian Broadcasting Company, which began in 1924 as a private company and was contracted to provide public broadcasting from 1929.
However, journalists such as Frank Dixon and John Hinde began to subvert the agreements in the late 1930s.
It was replaced by the state-owned Australian Broadcasting Commission in 1932, adopting its current name in 1983.
Following the general downward economic trends of the era, as entrepreneurial ventures in national infrastructure struggled with viability, the "Company" was subsequently acquired to become a fully state-owned corporation on 1 July 1932 and renamed as Australian Broadcasting Commission, realigning more closely to the British, BBC model. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983 changed the name of the organisation to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, effective 1 July 1983.
On 1 July 1932, the Australian Broadcasting Commission was established, taking over the operations of the National Broadcasting Service and eventually establishing offices in each of Australia's regional capital cities. Over the next four years, the stations were reformed into a cohesive broadcasting organisation through regular program relays, coordinated by a centralised bureaucracy.
A new online video-on-demand service launched in July of the same year, titled ABC iview, and the ABC launched digital radio broadcasts in the same month. In 2006, the definitive history of the ABC by Ken Inglis was issued by Black Inc., reissuing the 1983 edition of This is the ABC – 1932–1983 and issuing his Whose ABC - 1983-2006.
This is the ABC – the Australian Broadcasting Commission 1932 – 1983 (2006) Inglis, K.
Many of these bulletins are heralded by the "Majestic Fanfare", written by British composer Charles Williams in 1935. In addition to these, there is also Radio Australia, the international radio station of the ABC. The ABC also operates several stations only available online and on digital platforms, as listed below. ABC Classic 2 – a sister station to ABC Classic, focussing on performance's by Australian artists.
All profits from the sale of consumer product and production services return to the Corporation to reinvest in programme making. ===Orchestras=== Up until the installation of disc recording equipment in 1935, all content broadcast on the ABC was produced live, including music.
in 1939, Warren Denning was appointed to Canberra as the first ABC political correspondent, after Murdoch had refused to allow his newspapers to cover a speech by Joseph Lyons. In 1942, The Australian Broadcasting Act was passed, giving the ABC the power to decide when, and in what circumstances, political speeches should be broadcast.
in 1939, Warren Denning was appointed to Canberra as the first ABC political correspondent, after Murdoch had refused to allow his newspapers to cover a speech by Joseph Lyons. In 1942, The Australian Broadcasting Act was passed, giving the ABC the power to decide when, and in what circumstances, political speeches should be broadcast.
In 1944, 18-year-old Patricia Delaney, of Sydney, was the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's only girl cadet announcer, and the youngest member of announcing staff. ===1950s–70s=== The ABC commenced television broadcasting in 1956, and followed the earlier radio practice of naming the station after the first letter of the base state.
The ABC's funding system is set and reviewed every three years. Until 1948, the ABC was funded directly by radio licence fees; amendments were also made to the Australian Broadcasting Act that meant the ABC would receive its funding directly from the federal government.
In 1944, 18-year-old Patricia Delaney, of Sydney, was the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's only girl cadet announcer, and the youngest member of announcing staff. ===1950s–70s=== The ABC commenced television broadcasting in 1956, and followed the earlier radio practice of naming the station after the first letter of the base state.
ABN-2 (New South Wales) Sydney was inaugurated by Prime Minister Robert Menzies on 5 November 1956, with the first broadcast presented by Michael Charlton, and James Dibble reading the first television news bulletin.
ABV-2 (Melbourne, Victoria) followed two weeks later, on 18 November 1956.
ABC-3 Canberra opened in 1961, and ABD-6 (Darwin, Northern Territory) started broadcasting in 1971, both named after the base city. Although radio programs could be distributed nationally by landline, television relay facilities were not in place until the early 1960s.
ABC-3 Canberra opened in 1961, and ABD-6 (Darwin, Northern Territory) started broadcasting in 1971, both named after the base city. Although radio programs could be distributed nationally by landline, television relay facilities were not in place until the early 1960s.
It was used only once, in 1963.
In July 1963, the ABC conducted a staff competition to create a new logo for use on television, stationery, publications, microphone badges and ABC vehicles.
In 1965, ABC graphics designer Bill Kennard submitted a design representing a Lissajous display, as generated when a sine wave signal is applied to the "X" input of an oscilloscope and another at three times the frequency at the "Y" input.
Squiggle, and operas and plays. In 1973, New South Wales Rugby League boss Kevin Humphreys negotiated the rugby league's first television deal with the ABC. In 1975, colour television was permanently introduced into Australia after experimental colour broadcasts since 1967, and within a decade, the ABC had moved into satellite broadcasting, greatly enhancing its ability to distribute content nationally.
Dick Boyer, an Australian humanist (Bolton, 1967) Inglis, K.
ABC-3 Canberra opened in 1961, and ABD-6 (Darwin, Northern Territory) started broadcasting in 1971, both named after the base city. Although radio programs could be distributed nationally by landline, television relay facilities were not in place until the early 1960s.
Past appointments have associated directly with political parties – five of fourteen appointed chairmen have been accused of political affiliation or friendship, include Richard Downing and Ken Myer (both of whom publicly endorsed the Australian Labor Party at the 1972 election), as well as Sir Henry Bland.
Licence fees were abolished in 1973 and replaced by direct government grants, as well as revenue from commercial activities related to its core broadcasting mission. The ABC now provides radio, television, online, and mobile services throughout metropolitan and regional Australia and overseas through ABC Australia and Radio Australia.
Squiggle, and operas and plays. In 1973, New South Wales Rugby League boss Kevin Humphreys negotiated the rugby league's first television deal with the ABC. In 1975, colour television was permanently introduced into Australia after experimental colour broadcasts since 1967, and within a decade, the ABC had moved into satellite broadcasting, greatly enhancing its ability to distribute content nationally.
ABC retail outlets were established in 1974, and closed in 2015.
Kennard was presented with £25 for his design. On 19 October 1974, the Lissajous curve design experienced its first facelift with the line thickened to allow for colour to be used.
After the on-air revival of the 1974 logo since 2014, the ABC gradually reinstated the classic symbol.
Squiggle, and operas and plays. In 1973, New South Wales Rugby League boss Kevin Humphreys negotiated the rugby league's first television deal with the ABC. In 1975, colour television was permanently introduced into Australia after experimental colour broadcasts since 1967, and within a decade, the ABC had moved into satellite broadcasting, greatly enhancing its ability to distribute content nationally.
It was initially known as ABC-FM (now called ABC Classic FM) – referring both to its 'fine music' programming and radio frequency. ABC budget cuts began in 1976 and continued until 1985.
In 1978, the ABC NSW Staff Association organised a strike against budget cuts and political interference.
This came after speculation that the fund would be removed, to which ABC Acting managing director David Anderson wrote to Communications Minister Mitch Fifield expressing concerns. The term "where your 8 cents a day goes", coined in the late 1980s during funding negotiations, is often used in reference to the services provided by the ABC.
The ABC is a publicly owned and funded body that is politically independent and fully accountable, with its charter enshrined in legislation, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983. The ABC has its origins in the Australian Broadcasting Company, which began in 1924 as a private company and was contracted to provide public broadcasting from 1929.
It was replaced by the state-owned Australian Broadcasting Commission in 1932, adopting its current name in 1983.
Following the general downward economic trends of the era, as entrepreneurial ventures in national infrastructure struggled with viability, the "Company" was subsequently acquired to become a fully state-owned corporation on 1 July 1932 and renamed as Australian Broadcasting Commission, realigning more closely to the British, BBC model. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983 changed the name of the organisation to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, effective 1 July 1983.
Although funded and owned by the government, the ABC remains editorially independent as ensured, also through the 1983 act. The ABC is sometimes informally referred to as "Aunty", originally in imitation of the British Broadcasting Corporation's nickname. ==History== ===1920s–40s=== The first public radio station in Australia opened in Sydney on 23 November 1923 under the call sign 2SB, with other stations in Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth, and Hobart following.
In 1991, Tom Molomby wrote: "The effects of the budget reductions had been so badly handled that the organisation was to remain seriously crippled for years." ===1980s–90s=== The Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983 changed the name of the organisation to the "Australian Broadcasting Corporation", effective 1 July 1983.
A new online video-on-demand service launched in July of the same year, titled ABC iview, and the ABC launched digital radio broadcasts in the same month. In 2006, the definitive history of the ABC by Ken Inglis was issued by Black Inc., reissuing the 1983 edition of This is the ABC – 1932–1983 and issuing his Whose ABC - 1983-2006.
The authority and guidelines for the appointment of directors is provided for in the Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983. Appointments to the ABC Board made by successive governments have often resulted in criticism of the appointees' political affiliation, background, and relative merit.
This is the ABC – the Australian Broadcasting Commission 1932 – 1983 (2006) Inglis, K.
Whose ABC? The Australian Broadcasting Corporation 1983–2006 (2006) Moran, Albert, and Chris Keating.
It was initially known as ABC-FM (now called ABC Classic FM) – referring both to its 'fine music' programming and radio frequency. ABC budget cuts began in 1976 and continued until 1985.
Local production trebled from 1986 to 1991 with the assistance of co-production, co-financing, and presales arrangements. A new concert music department was formed in 1985 to co-ordinate the corporation's six symphony orchestras, which in turn received a greater level of autonomy to better respond to local needs.
Open-air free concerts and tours, educational activities, and joint ventures with other music groups were undertaken at the time to expand the orchestras' audience reach. ABC Radio was restructured significantly again in 1985 – Radio One became the Metropolitan network, while Radio 2 became known as Radio National (callsigns, however, were not standardised until 1990).
Geoffrey Whitehead was the initial managing director; however, following his resignation in 1986, David Hill (at the time chair of the ABC Board) took over his position. Program production in indigenous affairs, comedy, social history, and current affairs was significantly expanded, while the corporation's output of drama was boosted.
Local production trebled from 1986 to 1991 with the assistance of co-production, co-financing, and presales arrangements. A new concert music department was formed in 1985 to co-ordinate the corporation's six symphony orchestras, which in turn received a greater level of autonomy to better respond to local needs.
Radio Australia also carried more news coverage, with special broadcasts during the 1987 Fijian coup, Tiananmen Square massacre, and the First Gulf War. In 1991, the corporation's Sydney radio and orchestral operations moved to a new building in the inner-city suburb of Ultimo.
New programs such as The World Today, Australia All Over, and The Coodabeen Champions were introduced, while ABC-FM established an Australian music unit in 1989.
Open-air free concerts and tours, educational activities, and joint ventures with other music groups were undertaken at the time to expand the orchestras' audience reach. ABC Radio was restructured significantly again in 1985 – Radio One became the Metropolitan network, while Radio 2 became known as Radio National (callsigns, however, were not standardised until 1990).
The first online election coverage was put together in 1996, and included news, electorate maps, candidate information, and live results. By the early 1990s, all major ABC broadcasting outlets moved to 24-hour-a-day operation, while regional radio coverage in Australia was extended with 80 new transmitters.
Live television broadcasts of selected parliamentary sessions started in 1990.
James. There are currently six state symphony orchestras: Adelaide Symphony Orchestra Melbourne Symphony Orchestra Queensland Symphony Orchestra Sydney Symphony Orchestra Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra West Australian Symphony Orchestra The orchestras were corporatised in the 1990s, and were divested into independent companies on 1 January 2007. ==Lissajous curve logo== The ABC logo is one of the most recognisable logos in Australia.
In 1991, Tom Molomby wrote: "The effects of the budget reductions had been so badly handled that the organisation was to remain seriously crippled for years." ===1980s–90s=== The Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983 changed the name of the organisation to the "Australian Broadcasting Corporation", effective 1 July 1983.
Local production trebled from 1986 to 1991 with the assistance of co-production, co-financing, and presales arrangements. A new concert music department was formed in 1985 to co-ordinate the corporation's six symphony orchestras, which in turn received a greater level of autonomy to better respond to local needs.
Radio Australia also carried more news coverage, with special broadcasts during the 1987 Fijian coup, Tiananmen Square massacre, and the First Gulf War. In 1991, the corporation's Sydney radio and orchestral operations moved to a new building in the inner-city suburb of Ultimo.
However, the ABC itself notes the "significant limitations around the value of share of voice data" as "duration says nothing about tone or context". ====From Hawke to Rudd==== Labor Prime Minister Bob Hawke considered the ABC's coverage of the 1991 Gulf War to be biased.
ABC NewsRadio, a continuous news network broadcast on the Parliamentary and News Network when parliament is not sitting, was launched on 5 October 1994. International television service Australia Television International was established in 1993, while at the same time Radio Australia increased its international reach.
In Melbourne, the ABC Southbank Centre was completed in 1994, and now houses the radio division in Victoria, as well as the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra. The ABC Multimedia Unit was established in July 1995, to manage the new ABC website (launched in August).
ABC NewsRadio, a continuous news network broadcast on the Parliamentary and News Network when parliament is not sitting, was launched on 5 October 1994. International television service Australia Television International was established in 1993, while at the same time Radio Australia increased its international reach.
Genre restrictions limiting the types of programming the channel could carry were lifted in October 2006 – ABC2 was henceforth able to carry programming classified as comedy, drama, national news, sport, and entertainment. A high incidence of breast cancer in female staff working at the ABC's offices in Brisbane led to the closure of the site, based in Toowong, on 21 December 2006; 16 women were diagnosed with the disease in a period spanning 1994 to 2007.
In Melbourne, the ABC Southbank Centre was completed in 1994, and now houses the radio division in Victoria, as well as the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra. The ABC Multimedia Unit was established in July 1995, to manage the new ABC website (launched in August).
ABC TV, the corporation's original television service, receives the bulk of funding for television and shows first-run news, and ABC Kids. ===Online=== An experimental Multimedia Unit was established in 1995, charged with developing policy for the ABC's work in web publishing.
The first online election coverage was put together in 1996, and included news, electorate maps, candidate information, and live results. By the early 1990s, all major ABC broadcasting outlets moved to 24-hour-a-day operation, while regional radio coverage in Australia was extended with 80 new transmitters.
Reduced funding in 1997 for Radio Australia resulted in staff and programming cuts. Australia Television was sold to the Seven Network in 1998, but the service continued to show ABC news and current-affairs programming until its closure in 2001.
Reduced funding in 1997 for Radio Australia resulted in staff and programming cuts. Australia Television was sold to the Seven Network in 1998, but the service continued to show ABC news and current-affairs programming until its closure in 2001.
The ABC's television operation joined its radio and online divisions at the corporation's Ultimo headquarters in 2000. ===2000s=== In 2001, digital television commenced after four years of preparation.
This unit continued until 2000, when the New Media division was formed, bringing together the ABC's online output as a division similar to Television or Radio.
Reduced funding in 1997 for Radio Australia resulted in staff and programming cuts. Australia Television was sold to the Seven Network in 1998, but the service continued to show ABC news and current-affairs programming until its closure in 2001.
The ABC's television operation joined its radio and online divisions at the corporation's Ultimo headquarters in 2000. ===2000s=== In 2001, digital television commenced after four years of preparation.
Soon after the introduction of digital television in 2001, Fly TV and the ABC Kids channel launched, showing a mix of programming aimed at teenagers and children. In 2002, the ABC launched ABC Asia Pacific – the replacement for the defunct Australia Television International operated previously by the Seven Network.
The division had over a million pages of material published by late 2003. In 2001 the New Media division became New Media and Digital Services, reflecting the broader remit to develop content for digital platforms such as digital television.
To celebrate its 70th anniversary on 1 July 2002, the ABC adopted a new logo, which was created by (Annette) Harcus Design in 2001.
Soon after the introduction of digital television in 2001, Fly TV and the ABC Kids channel launched, showing a mix of programming aimed at teenagers and children. In 2002, the ABC launched ABC Asia Pacific – the replacement for the defunct Australia Television International operated previously by the Seven Network.
Funding cuts in 2003 led to the closure of Fly TV and the ABC Kids channel. The ABC launched a digital radio service, ABC DiG, in November 2002, available though the internet and digital television, but not available through any other terrestrial broadcast until DAB+ became available in 2009. ABC2, a second attempt at a digital-only television channel, launched on 7 March 2005.
In addition, DiG Radio launched on digital platforms in 2002, currently offering three separate stations. ABC Local Radio is the Corporation's flagship radio station in each broadcast area.
To celebrate its 70th anniversary on 1 July 2002, the ABC adopted a new logo, which was created by (Annette) Harcus Design in 2001.
The 2002 silver logo is no longer in use by the corporation. ==See also== History of broadcasting in Australia Pool, a website hosted by the ABC Timeline of Australian radio Gold Walkley Radio Times, an Australian radio magazine ==References== ==Further reading== Cater, Nick The Lucky Culture and the Rise of an Australian Ruling Class (2013) pp 199–228 Curgenven, Geoffrey.
Funding cuts in 2003 led to the closure of Fly TV and the ABC Kids channel. The ABC launched a digital radio service, ABC DiG, in November 2002, available though the internet and digital television, but not available through any other terrestrial broadcast until DAB+ became available in 2009. ABC2, a second attempt at a digital-only television channel, launched on 7 March 2005.
David Hill was close to Neville Wran, while Donald McDonald was considered to be a close friend of John Howard. From 2003 the Howard Government made several controversial appointments to the ABC Board, including prominent ABC critic Janet Albrechtsen, Ron Brunton, and Keith Windschuttle. During their 2007 federal election campaign, Labor announced plans to introduce a new system, similar to that of the BBC, for appointing members to the board.
The division had over a million pages of material published by late 2003. In 2001 the New Media division became New Media and Digital Services, reflecting the broader remit to develop content for digital platforms such as digital television.
In addition to ABC Online, the division also had responsibility over the ABC's two digital television services, Fly TV and the ABC Kids channel, until their closure in 2003.
A 2004 Roy Morgan media credibility survey found that journalists regarded ABC Radio as the most accurate news source in the country and the ABC as the second "most politically biased media organisation in Australia".
In March 2005 the division oversaw the launch of ABC2, a free-to-air digital television channel, in effect a replacement for ABC Kids and Fly. In conjunction with the ABC's radio division, New Media and Digital Services implemented the ABC's first podcasts in December 2004.
Funding cuts in 2003 led to the closure of Fly TV and the ABC Kids channel. The ABC launched a digital radio service, ABC DiG, in November 2002, available though the internet and digital television, but not available through any other terrestrial broadcast until DAB+ became available in 2009. ABC2, a second attempt at a digital-only television channel, launched on 7 March 2005.
In January 2012 the ABC in Brisbane moved into purpose-built accommodation in South Bank. On 8 February 2008, ABC TV was rebranded as ABC1, complementing the existing ABC2 digital-only channel, which was launched on 7 March 2005.
In each state and territory a local news bulletin is shown at 7pm nightly. ABC TV Plus (originally ABC2), launched in 2005, shows comedic content in addition to some repeats from ABC TV of which the amount has decreased gradually since ABC TV Plus's inception.
In March 2005 the division oversaw the launch of ABC2, a free-to-air digital television channel, in effect a replacement for ABC Kids and Fly. In conjunction with the ABC's radio division, New Media and Digital Services implemented the ABC's first podcasts in December 2004.
Genre restrictions limiting the types of programming the channel could carry were lifted in October 2006 – ABC2 was henceforth able to carry programming classified as comedy, drama, national news, sport, and entertainment. A high incidence of breast cancer in female staff working at the ABC's offices in Brisbane led to the closure of the site, based in Toowong, on 21 December 2006; 16 women were diagnosed with the disease in a period spanning 1994 to 2007.
A new online video-on-demand service launched in July of the same year, titled ABC iview, and the ABC launched digital radio broadcasts in the same month. In 2006, the definitive history of the ABC by Ken Inglis was issued by Black Inc., reissuing the 1983 edition of This is the ABC – 1932–1983 and issuing his Whose ABC - 1983-2006.
Genre restrictions limiting the types of programming the channel could carry were lifted in October 2006 – ABC2 was henceforth able to carry programming classified as comedy, drama, national news, sport, and entertainment. A high incidence of breast cancer in female staff working at the ABC's offices in Brisbane led to the closure of the site, based in Toowong, on 21 December 2006; 16 women were diagnosed with the disease in a period spanning 1994 to 2007.
A progress report released in March 2007 by an independent panel formed to investigate the occurrences found that the rate of occurrence for breast cancer rate at the offices was 11 times higher than elsewhere – after the closure of the site, the ABC's Brisbane-based television and radio operations were moved to alternate locations around the city, including Ten Brisbane's studios at Mt Coot-tha.
The ABC's managing director, Mark Scott, announced in August 2007 that new studios would be built on the site, following the final release of the Review and Scientific Investigation Panel's report.
Branding was also added for a new kids' channel that had been announced throughout the Howard government based on their winning the 2007 election, but left to the 2009 Rudd government budget where ABC3 was funded and announced in June.
David Hill was close to Neville Wran, while Donald McDonald was considered to be a close friend of John Howard. From 2003 the Howard Government made several controversial appointments to the ABC Board, including prominent ABC critic Janet Albrechtsen, Ron Brunton, and Keith Windschuttle. During their 2007 federal election campaign, Labor announced plans to introduce a new system, similar to that of the BBC, for appointing members to the board.
Radio National's Counterpoint program is hosted by former Liberal minister Amanda Vanstone, who describes herself as "liberal" rather than "conservative". Research undertaken by the broadcaster in 2007 indicated that out of a total of 19 former employees moving into party political positions, 10 have joined the Labor Party and nine the Liberal Party. ===Planet Slayer website=== "Planet Slayer" was a controversial environmentalist website for children owned by ABC.
By mid-2006 the ABC had become an international leader in podcasting with over fifty podcast programmes delivering hundreds of thousands of downloads per week, including trial video podcasts of The Chaser's War on Everything and jtv. In February 2007, the New Media & Digital Services division was dissolved and divided up amongst other areas of the ABC.
James. There are currently six state symphony orchestras: Adelaide Symphony Orchestra Melbourne Symphony Orchestra Queensland Symphony Orchestra Sydney Symphony Orchestra Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra West Australian Symphony Orchestra The orchestras were corporatised in the 1990s, and were divested into independent companies on 1 January 2007. ==Lissajous curve logo== The ABC logo is one of the most recognisable logos in Australia.
In January 2012 the ABC in Brisbane moved into purpose-built accommodation in South Bank. On 8 February 2008, ABC TV was rebranded as ABC1, complementing the existing ABC2 digital-only channel, which was launched on 7 March 2005.
The channel shares airspace with the ABC Kids programming block from 5am to 7:30 pm. ABC Me (originally ABC3) became a fully fledged channel on 4 December 2009, but has been part of the electronic guide line-up since 2008, broadcasting an ABC1 simulcast until 4 December 2009, then an ABC Radio simulcast and teaser graphic until its official launch.
Funding cuts in 2003 led to the closure of Fly TV and the ABC Kids channel. The ABC launched a digital radio service, ABC DiG, in November 2002, available though the internet and digital television, but not available through any other terrestrial broadcast until DAB+ became available in 2009. ABC2, a second attempt at a digital-only television channel, launched on 7 March 2005.
Branding was also added for a new kids' channel that had been announced throughout the Howard government based on their winning the 2007 election, but left to the 2009 Rudd government budget where ABC3 was funded and announced in June.
The ABC chairman would be nominated by the prime minister and endorsed by the leader of the opposition. The new merit-based appointment system was announced on 16 October, in advance of the new triennial funding period starting in 2009. Current board members are: ===Funding=== The ABC is primarily funded by the Australian government, in addition to some revenue received from commercial offerings and its retail outlets.
The channel shares airspace with the ABC Kids programming block from 5am to 7:30 pm. ABC Me (originally ABC3) became a fully fledged channel on 4 December 2009, but has been part of the electronic guide line-up since 2008, broadcasting an ABC1 simulcast until 4 December 2009, then an ABC Radio simulcast and teaser graphic until its official launch.
The A to Z of Australian Radio and Television (Scarecrow Press, 2009) Semmler, Clement.
These tomes combined to give a comprehensive overview of the ABC's history to that year. ===2010s=== ABC News launched on 22 July 2010, and brought with it both new programming content, as well as a collaboration of existing news and current-affairs productions and resources.
In January 2012 the ABC in Brisbane moved into purpose-built accommodation in South Bank. On 8 February 2008, ABC TV was rebranded as ABC1, complementing the existing ABC2 digital-only channel, which was launched on 7 March 2005.
The Enhanced Newsgathering Fund, a specialised fund for regional and outer-suburban news gathering set up in 2013 by the Rudd government, currently sits at $44 million over three years, a reduction of $28 million per year since the 2016 Australian federal election.
A 2013 University of the Sunshine Coast study of the voting intentions of journalists found that 73.6% of ABC journalists supported Labor or The Greens – with 41% supporting the Greens (whereas only around 10% of people in the general population voted Green).
In addition to the nightly 7pm news, the stations also broadcast weekly state editions of 7.30 on Friday evenings (until 5 December 2014), state election coverage and in most areas, live sport on Saturday afternoons. ===Studios=== The ABC operates ABC Studios.
After the on-air revival of the 1974 logo since 2014, the ABC gradually reinstated the classic symbol.
In rejecting criticisms of bias, ABC journalist Annabel Crabb said in 2015 that the organisation gives "voices to Australians who otherwise wouldn't be heard, on topics that are too uncommercial or too remote or too hard to be covered by anyone else, broadcasting into areas from which others have long withdrawn resources".
In early 2015, an internal ABC review of its coverage of Joe Hockey's first Budget criticised the post-budget interviews by 7:30 and Lateline, finding that the interviewers had given the impression of bias. Support for leadership coup against Abbott When Abbott lost the leadership to the less conservative Turnbull in the September 2015 Liberal leadership spill, the hosts of the ABC's political programs spoke in favour of Abbott's demise.
It was replaced by a new Innovation division, to manage ABC Online and investigate new technologies for the ABC. In 2015 the Innovation division was replaced with the Digital Network division. ===International=== ABC Australia is an international satellite television service operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, funded by advertising and grants from the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.
ABC retail outlets were established in 1974, and closed in 2015.
In fiscal year 2016–17, the ABC received A$861 million in federal funding, which increased to $865 million per year from 2017 to 2018 to 2018–19, representing a cut in funding of $43 million over three years when accounting for inflation.
The Enhanced Newsgathering Fund, a specialised fund for regional and outer-suburban news gathering set up in 2013 by the Rudd government, currently sits at $44 million over three years, a reduction of $28 million per year since the 2016 Australian federal election.
She said "one of frustrations that voters have had with your prime ministership is the sense that you have conceded too regularly to the conservatives" Vanstone called the challenge "disgraceful". Management responses to allegations of bias In a March 2016 interview with ABC managing director Mark Scott, Media Watch host Paul Barry examined the question of perceptions of left wing bias at the ABC.
This is journalism at its best: giving voice to those who have long suffered in silence." Cardinal George Pell Initial reports into the accusations against Cardinal Pell were broken by the Herald Sun in February 2016 with the ABC first covering the story in July that year on the program 7.30 which featured two alleged victims.
In fiscal year 2016–17, the ABC received A$861 million in federal funding, which increased to $865 million per year from 2017 to 2018 to 2018–19, representing a cut in funding of $43 million over three years when accounting for inflation.
In 2017, the ABC's youth radio network announced that, after extensive consultation and opinion polling, it would no longer play its Hottest 100 Australian music list on Australia Day, choosing instead to broadcast the playlist on the fourth weekend in January.
The Archbishop of Brisbane, Mark Coleridge, condemned the ABC in 2017 for an "antagonistic, one-sided narrative" of the Catholic Church.
ABC managing director Mark Scott said the site was not designed to offend anyone, but instead have children think about environmental issues. === 2019 police raid === On 5 June 2019, police raided the headquarters of the ABC looking for articles written in 2017 about alleged misconduct by Australian forces in Afghanistan.
Before 31 January 2017 Radio Australia broadcast shortwave radio signals which were terminated in favour of online and satellite radio. Radio Australia bulletins are also carried on WRN Broadcast, available via satellite in Europe and North America. ===Commercial=== ABC Commercial is the division of the ABC responsible for pursuing new sources of revenue for the Corporation.
In fiscal year 2016–17, the ABC received A$861 million in federal funding, which increased to $865 million per year from 2017 to 2018 to 2018–19, representing a cut in funding of $43 million over three years when accounting for inflation.
Former Prime Minister of Australia Malcolm Turnbull commented on 3AW radio in 2018 that "some" journalists and programs "contain a left-wing bias." Conservative commentators such as Andrew Bolt, Tim Blair, and Gerard Henderson accuse the ABC of a left-wing bias.
Fairfax and News Limited reported that Leigh Sales, the host of 7.30 gave Turnbull an unusually warm first interview following his toppling of Abbott. Opposition to leadership coup against Turnbull When Turnbull lost the leadership after a conservative challenge in August 2018, the hosts of the ABC's political programs denounced the change.
The ABC should honour it and not mess with the Hottest 100." In 2018, an opinion piece appeared on ABC's website suggesting the date should be moved to 1 January, citing symbolism.
The most recent change happened in February 2018 where announced a new logotype and brand positioning under its tagline, Yours.
In 2019–20, the federal budget forecast funding of $3.2 billion over three years ($1.06 billion per year) for the ABC.
The ABC News and Current Affairs programs provided coverage of the investigation and trial of Pell, in particular Four Corners in March 2019 and the series Revelation in 2020.
ABC managing director Mark Scott said the site was not designed to offend anyone, but instead have children think about environmental issues. === 2019 police raid === On 5 June 2019, police raided the headquarters of the ABC looking for articles written in 2017 about alleged misconduct by Australian forces in Afghanistan.
The ABC News and Current Affairs programs provided coverage of the investigation and trial of Pell, in particular Four Corners in March 2019 and the series Revelation in 2020.
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