It was the first public funeral in the city since that of Bal Gangadhar Tilak in 1920.
Bal Keshav Thackeray (also known as Balasaheb Thackeray; ; 23 January 1926 – 17 November 2012) was an Indian politician who founded the Shiv Sena, a right-wing pro-Marathi and Hindu nationalist party active mainly in the state of Maharashtra. Thackeray began his professional career as a cartoonist with the English-language daily, The Free Press Journal in Bombay (now Mumbai), but he left the paper in 1960 to form his own political weekly, Marmik.
Thackeray did not hold any official positions, and he was never formally elected as the leader of his party. == Early life == Thackeray was born on 23 January 1926 in Pune, the son of Keshav Sitaram Thackeray (also known as 'Prabodhankar') and his wife Ramabai Thackeray.
At a meeting with them he supported the idea that the Kashmiri Pandits could be armed for their self-defence against the Jihadis. == Personal life == Thackeray was married to Meena Thackeray (née Sarla Vaidya) on 13 June 1948 and had three sons, oldest son Bindumadhav, middle son Jaidev, and youngest son Uddhav.
Bal Keshav Thackeray (also known as Balasaheb Thackeray; ; 23 January 1926 – 17 November 2012) was an Indian politician who founded the Shiv Sena, a right-wing pro-Marathi and Hindu nationalist party active mainly in the state of Maharashtra. Thackeray began his professional career as a cartoonist with the English-language daily, The Free Press Journal in Bombay (now Mumbai), but he left the paper in 1960 to form his own political weekly, Marmik.
A government inquiry found that Thackeray and Chief minister of Maharashtra Manohar Joshi incited members of the Shiv Sena to commit violence against Muslims during the 1992–1993 Bombay riots. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Thackeray built the Shiv Sena by forming temporary alliances with nearly all of state's political parties.
In 1960, he launched the cartoon weekly Marmik with his brother Srikant.
In 1966, Thackeray formed the Shiv Sena party to advocate for the interests of Maharashtra in Indian political and professional landscape, and against certain segments of Bombay's Muslim population. He had a large political influence in the state, especially in Mumbai.
Bal Thackeray later stated "that not just a cartoon weekly but also the prime reason for the birth and growth of the Sena." It was Marmik issue on 5 June 1976 which first announced the launch of membership for the Shiv Sena. ==Politics== === 1966–1998 === The success of Maarmik prompted Thackeray to form the Shiv Sena on 19 June 1966.
In its 1966 party manifesto, Thackeray primarily blamed south Indians.
In 1969, Thackeray and Manohar Joshi were jailed after participating in a protest demanding the merger of Karwar, Belgaum and Nipani regions in Maharashtra.
A government inquiry found that Thackeray and Chief minister of Maharashtra Manohar Joshi incited members of the Shiv Sena to commit violence against Muslims during the 1992–1993 Bombay riots. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Thackeray built the Shiv Sena by forming temporary alliances with nearly all of state's political parties.
During the 1970s, it did not succeed in the local elections and it was active mainly in Bombay, compared to the rest of the state.
Thackeray publicly supported Indira Gandhi during the 1975 Emergency to avoid getting arrested; Thackeray supported the Congress party numerous times. Dr.
Hemchandra Gupte, Mayor of Bombay and the former family physician and confidant of Thackeray, left Shiv Sena in 1976 citing importance given to money, violence committed by the Shiv Sena members and Thackeray's support for Indira Gandhi and the 1975 emergency. Politically, the Shiv Sena was anti-communist, and wrested control of trade unions in Bombay from the Communist Party of India (CPI).
Bal Thackeray later stated "that not just a cartoon weekly but also the prime reason for the birth and growth of the Sena." It was Marmik issue on 5 June 1976 which first announced the launch of membership for the Shiv Sena. ==Politics== === 1966–1998 === The success of Maarmik prompted Thackeray to form the Shiv Sena on 19 June 1966.
Hemchandra Gupte, Mayor of Bombay and the former family physician and confidant of Thackeray, left Shiv Sena in 1976 citing importance given to money, violence committed by the Shiv Sena members and Thackeray's support for Indira Gandhi and the 1975 emergency. Politically, the Shiv Sena was anti-communist, and wrested control of trade unions in Bombay from the Communist Party of India (CPI).
By the 1980s, it became a threat to the ruling Congress party which initially encouraged it because of it rivalling the CPI.
In 1989, the Sena's newspaper Saamna was launched by Thackeray.
Years later, when Congress General Secretary Digvijaya Singh made a statement that Savarkar was the first to suggest the two-nation theory that led to the partition, Thackeray defended Savarkar and accused Singh of distorting history. === Support for Kashmiri Pandits === In 1990, the Islamic militant organisation Hizbul Mujahideen, through the columns of an Urdu daily Aftab, warned Kashmiri Pandits to leave the valley within 36 hours.
Because of Thackeray being against the Mandal Commission report, his close aide Chhagan Bhujbal left the party in 1991.
A government inquiry found that Thackeray and Chief minister of Maharashtra Manohar Joshi incited members of the Shiv Sena to commit violence against Muslims during the 1992–1993 Bombay riots. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Thackeray built the Shiv Sena by forming temporary alliances with nearly all of state's political parties.
After the riots of 1992–93, he and his party took a Hindutva stance.
Following the 1992 Bombay riots, Thackeray took stances viewed as anti-Muslim and based on Hindutva.
Thackeray declared himself to be the "remote control" chief minister. Thackeray and the Chief Minister Manohar Joshi were explicitly named for inciting the Shivsainiks for violence against Muslims during the 1992–1993 riots in an inquiry ordered by the government of India, the Srikrishna Commission Report. He had influence in the film industry.
The BJP-Shiv Sena alliance won the 1995 Maharashtra State Assembly elections and were in power from 1995 to 1999.
Bombay, a 1995 film on the riots was opposed by them. === 1999–2012 === On 28 July 1999, Thackeray was banned from voting and contesting in any election for six years from 11 December 1999 till 10 December 2005 and was not happy with this, on the recommendations of the Election Commission for indulging in corrupt practice by seeking votes in the name of religion.
Meena died in 1995 and Bindumadhav died the following year in a car accident.
In 1999, Thackeray was banned from voting and contesting in any election for six years on the recommendations of the Election Commission for indulging in seeking votes in the name of religion.
The BJP-Shiv Sena alliance won the 1995 Maharashtra State Assembly elections and were in power from 1995 to 1999.
Bombay, a 1995 film on the riots was opposed by them. === 1999–2012 === On 28 July 1999, Thackeray was banned from voting and contesting in any election for six years from 11 December 1999 till 10 December 2005 and was not happy with this, on the recommendations of the Election Commission for indulging in corrupt practice by seeking votes in the name of religion.
In 2000, he was arrested for his role in the riots but was released because the statute of limitations expired.
In 2002, Thackeray issued a call to form Hindu suicide bomber squads to take on the menace of terrorism.
In 2002, when President A.
Suketu Mehta interviewed Thackeray in his critically acclaimed, Pulitzer-nominated, non-fiction 2004 book Maximum City.
Bombay, a 1995 film on the riots was opposed by them. === 1999–2012 === On 28 July 1999, Thackeray was banned from voting and contesting in any election for six years from 11 December 1999 till 10 December 2005 and was not happy with this, on the recommendations of the Election Commission for indulging in corrupt practice by seeking votes in the name of religion.
After the six-year voting ban on Thackeray was lifted in 2005, he voted for the first time in the 2007 BMC elections.
Thackeray previewed director Ram Gopal Verma's film Sarkar, which is loosely based on him, released in 2005.
Opposition leftist parties alleged that the Shiv Sena has done little to solve the problem of unemployment facing a large proportion of Maharashtrian youth during its tenure, in contradiction to its ideological foundation of 'sons of the soil.' In 2006, Thackeray's nephew Raj Thackeray broke away from Shiv Sena to form the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) during Thackeray's retirement and appointment of his son, Uddhav rather than Raj as the leader of Shiv Sena.
On 14 February 2006, Thackeray condemned and apologised for the violent attacks by its Shiv Sainiks on a private celebration in Mumbai.
After the six-year voting ban on Thackeray was lifted in 2005, he voted for the first time in the 2007 BMC elections.
Indian Express published an interview on 29 January 2007: "Hitler did very cruel and ugly things.
Nobody will be spared.'" In 2009, he criticised Indian cricketer Sachin Tendulkar, a "Marathi icon", for saying he was an Indian before he was a Maharashtrian. ===Opposition to Caste Based Reservations=== Thackeray firmly opposed caste based reservation and said - "There are only two castes in the world, the rich are rich and the poor is poor, make the poor rich but don't make the rich poor.
Bal Keshav Thackeray (also known as Balasaheb Thackeray; ; 23 January 1926 – 17 November 2012) was an Indian politician who founded the Shiv Sena, a right-wing pro-Marathi and Hindu nationalist party active mainly in the state of Maharashtra. Thackeray began his professional career as a cartoonist with the English-language daily, The Free Press Journal in Bombay (now Mumbai), but he left the paper in 1960 to form his own political weekly, Marmik.
Raj broke away from Shiv Sena to form his own political party called the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena. Sanjeevani Karandikar is Bal Thackeray's sister. Thackeray drew cartoons for Free Press Journal, Times of India and Marmik besides contributing to Saamna till 2012.
He cited the British cartoonist David Low as his inspiration. == Death == Thackeray died on 17 November 2012, of cardiac arrest.
The Parliament of India opened for its winter session on 21 November 2012.
In 2012, he instead gave a video-taped speech and urged his followers "to give the same love and affection to his son and political heir Uddhav as they had given him".
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