As a representative of the Indian people, he is able to prevent the Indian wars of 1870.
Rogers noted that in his version of the late 21st century, he was the last true superhero and was left alone fighting his own country – the United States – which had fallen under the rule of a tyrannical life-term President. === 1872 === 1872 is a Marvel miniseries during the Secret Wars comics featuring characters in a Western-style adventure in the small boom town of Timely.
Simon and Marvel settled out of court in 2003, in a deal that paid Simon royalties for merchandising and licensing use of the character. ==Fictional character biography== ===20th century=== ====1940s==== Steven Rogers was born in the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York City, in 1920 to poor Irish immigrants, Sarah and Joseph Rogers.
Captain America was ranked sixth on IGN's "Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time" in 2011, second in their list of "The Top 50 Avengers" in 2012, and second in their "Top 25 best Marvel superheroes" list in 2014. ==Publication history== ===Creation=== In 1940, writer Joe Simon conceived the idea for Captain America and made a sketch of the character in costume.
We wanted to have our say too." ===Golden Age=== Captain America Comics #1 — cover-dated March 1941 and on sale December 20, 1940, a year before the attack on Pearl Harbor, but a full year into World War II — showed the protagonist punching Nazi leader Adolf Hitler; it sold nearly one million copies.
A story in issue #155-157 revealed the 1950s "Commie Smasher" Captain America and Bucky to be imposters. This series — considered Captain America volume one by comics researchers and historians, following the 1940s Captain America Comics and its 1950s numbering continuation of Tales of Suspense — ended with #454 (Aug.
The 1940s Captain America appeared alongside the 1940s Human Torch and Sub-Mariner in the 12-issue miniseries Avengers/Invaders.
By early 1940, before America's entry into World War II, Rogers is a tall, scrawny fine arts student specializing in illustration and a comic book writer and artist. Disturbed by the devastation of Europe by the Nazis, Rogers attempts to enlist but is rejected due to his frail body.
Both are presumed dead, though it is later revealed that neither had died. ====Late 1940s to 1950s==== Captain America appeared in comics for the next few years, changing from World War II-era hero fighting the Nazis to confronting the United States' newest enemy, Communism.
During the 1940s, Samantha volunteered for Project: Rebirth after other test subjects were shot and killed or badly injured by Nazis.
Created by cartoonists Joe Simon and Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in Captain America Comics #1 (cover dated March 1941) from Timely Comics, a predecessor of Marvel Comics.
We wanted to have our say too." ===Golden Age=== Captain America Comics #1 — cover-dated March 1941 and on sale December 20, 1940, a year before the attack on Pearl Harbor, but a full year into World War II — showed the protagonist punching Nazi leader Adolf Hitler; it sold nearly one million copies.
The character was widely imitated by other comics publishers, with around 40 red-white-and-blue patriotic heroes debuting in 1941 alone.
After the Simon and Kirby team moved to DC Comics in late 1941, having produced Captain America Comics through issue #10 (January 1942), Al Avison and Syd Shores became regular pencillers of the celebrated title, with one generally inking over the other.
The character was featured in All Winners Comics #1–19 (Summer 1941 – Fall 1946), Marvel Mystery Comics #80–84 and #86–92, USA Comics #6–17 (Dec.
In the 1941 origin story and in Tales of Suspense #63, Kruger dies when running into machinery but is not killed by Rogers; in the Captain America #109 and #255 revisions, Rogers causes the spy's death by punching him into machinery. Unable to create new Super-Soldiers and willing to hide the Project Rebirth fiasco, the American government casts Rogers as a patriotic superhero, able to counter the menace of the Red Skull as a counter-intelligence agent.
The first instance of Captain America's trademark ricocheting shield-toss occurs in Stan Lee's first comics writing, the two-page text story "Captain America Foils the Traitor's Revenge" in Captain America Comics #3 (May 1941).
After the Simon and Kirby team moved to DC Comics in late 1941, having produced Captain America Comics through issue #10 (January 1942), Al Avison and Syd Shores became regular pencillers of the celebrated title, with one generally inking over the other.
In the 2010s, it is unknown if he is dead or in hiding after Doctor Doom took over the planet. ===Truth: Red, White & Black=== In the 2003 limited series Red, White & Black, black soldiers act as test subjects for the WWII Super-Soldier program of 1942.
1942 – Fall 1945), and All Select Comics #1–10 (Fall 1943 – Summer 1946). In the post-war era, with the popularity of superheroes fading, Captain America led Timely's first superhero team, the All-Winners Squad, in its two published adventures, in All Winners Comics #19 and #21 (Fall–Winter 1946; there was no issue #20).
Although Captain America often struggles to maintain his ideals as a man out of his time, he remains a highly respected figure in his community, which includes becoming the long-time leader of the Avengers. Captain America was the first Marvel Comics character to appear in media outside comics with the release of the 1944 movie serial, Captain America.
1942 – Fall 1945), and All Select Comics #1–10 (Fall 1943 – Summer 1946). In the post-war era, with the popularity of superheroes fading, Captain America led Timely's first superhero team, the All-Winners Squad, in its two published adventures, in All Winners Comics #19 and #21 (Fall–Winter 1946; there was no issue #20).
Sentinels of Liberty was the title given to members of the Captain America Comics fan club who Captain America sometimes addressed as an aside, or as characters in the Captain America Comics stories. In late April 1945, during the closing days of World War II, Captain America and Bucky try to stop the villainous Baron Zemo from destroying an experimental drone plane.
After he revives, they piece together that Rogers has been preserved in a block of ice since 1945, surviving because of his enhancements from Project: Rebirth.
The character was featured in All Winners Comics #1–19 (Summer 1941 – Fall 1946), Marvel Mystery Comics #80–84 and #86–92, USA Comics #6–17 (Dec.
1942 – Fall 1945), and All Select Comics #1–10 (Fall 1943 – Summer 1946). In the post-war era, with the popularity of superheroes fading, Captain America led Timely's first superhero team, the All-Winners Squad, in its two published adventures, in All Winners Comics #19 and #21 (Fall–Winter 1946; there was no issue #20).
After Bucky was shot and wounded in a 1948 Captain America story, he was succeeded by Captain America's girlfriend, Betsy Ross, who became the superheroine Golden Girl.
Captain America Comics ran until issue #73 (July 1949), at which time the series was retitled Captain America's Weird Tales for two issues, with the finale being a horror/suspense anthology issue with no superheroes. Atlas Comics attempted to revive its superhero titles when it reintroduced Captain America, along with the original Human Torch and the Sub-Mariner, in Young Men #24 (Dec.
The popularity of superheroes waned following the war, and the Captain America comic book was discontinued in 1950, with a short-lived revival in 1953.
1963), writer-editor Stan Lee and artist and co-plotter Jack Kirby depicted the brash young Fantastic Four member Johnny Storm, the Human Torch, in an exhibition performance with Captain America, described as a legendary World War II and 1950s superhero who has returned after many years of apparent retirement.
A story in issue #155-157 revealed the 1950s "Commie Smasher" Captain America and Bucky to be imposters. This series — considered Captain America volume one by comics researchers and historians, following the 1940s Captain America Comics and its 1950s numbering continuation of Tales of Suspense — ended with #454 (Aug.
Both are presumed dead, though it is later revealed that neither had died. ====Late 1940s to 1950s==== Captain America appeared in comics for the next few years, changing from World War II-era hero fighting the Nazis to confronting the United States' newest enemy, Communism.
As a result, while Burnside and Monroe became the new Captain America and Bucky, they became violently paranoid, often raving about innocent people being communist sympathizers during the height of the Red Scare of the 1950s.
The two later encounter the revived but still insane 1950s Captain America.
Even worse, the attempts have instead often created psychopathic supervillains of which Captain America's 1950s imitator and Nuke are the most notorious examples. ===Weapons and equipment=== ====Shield==== Captain America has used multiple shields throughout his history, the most prevalent of which is a nigh-indestructible disc-shaped shield made from a unique combination of Vibranium, Steel alloy, and an unknown third component that has never been duplicated called Proto-Adamantium.
"Captain America of the Vietnam War") exists as an Ultimate Marvel Universe parallel to the William Burnside/Captain America of the 1950s, who succeeded Rogers in the role after he is accidentally frozen.
Bucky and Cap continue to fight in the 1950s and 1960s against Communists, though tragically Nick Fury is killed in the Korean War.
The popularity of superheroes waned following the war, and the Captain America comic book was discontinued in 1950, with a short-lived revival in 1953.
Rogers became an astronaut and was the first man to walk on the moon in 1956.
Following the success of other Marvel characters introduced during the 1960s, Captain America was recast as a hero "haunted by past memories, and trying to adapt to 1960s society". After then guest-starring in the feature "Iron Man" in Tales of Suspense #58 (Oct.
The process itself has been inconsistently detailed: While in the original material Rogers is shown receiving injections of the Super-Serum, when the origin was retold in the 1960s, the Comic Code Authority had already put a veto over graphic description of drug intake and abuse, and thus the Super-Serum was retconned into an oral formula. Erskine refused to write down every crucial element of the treatment, leaving behind a flawed, imperfect knowledge of the steps.
He travels back in time, accidentally crossing to Earth-616, and brings the mainstream Captain America and Rebecca Quan forward into his own time to prevent his daughter, Rebecca "Becky" Barnes, from traveling to Earth-616. ===Ultimate Marvel=== In addition to the WWII era hero, a 1960s version of Captain America (a.k.a.
The 1960s Captain America is in fact Frank Simpson, better known in the Earth-616 Marvel Universe as Nuke.
Bucky and Cap continue to fight in the 1950s and 1960s against Communists, though tragically Nick Fury is killed in the Korean War.
He uses his new form to fight for the resistance. ===Spider-Man: Life Story=== Spider-Man: Life Story takes place in an alternate continuity where characters naturally age after Peter Parker debuts as Spider-Man in 1962.
Since Marvel Comics revived the character in 1964, Captain America has remained in publication. The character wears a costume bearing an American flag motif, and he utilizes a nearly-indestructible shield that he throws as a projectile.
According to Lee, fan response to the tryout was very enthusiastic. Captain America was then formally reintroduced in The Avengers #4 (March 1964), which explained that in the final days of World War II, he had fallen from an experimental drone plane into the North Atlantic Ocean and spent decades frozen in a block of ice in a state of suspended animation.
Issue #63 (March 1965), which retold Captain America's origin, through issue #71 (Nov.
Afterward, Captain America plots to set himself and Hydra in a position where they can conquer America in Marvel's event "Secret Empire." ==Legal status== In 1966, Joe Simon sued the owners of Marvel Comics, asserting that he—not Marvel—was legally entitled to renew the copyright upon the expiration of the original 28-year term.
Marvel Entertainment challenged the claim, arguing that the settlement of Simon's 1966 suit made the character ineligible for termination of the copyright transfer.
In 1966, Captain America is pressured by the public to join the efforts in Vietnam and decides to go to see the conflict for himself.
Kirby drew all but two of the stories in Tales of Suspense, which became Captain America with #100 (April 1968); Gil Kane and John Romita Sr., each filled in once.
Throughout World War II, Captain America and Bucky fight the Nazi menace both on their own and as members of the superhero team the Invaders as seen in the 1970s comic of the same name.
Monroe would later be cured and assume the Nomad identity. ====1960s to 1970s==== Years later, the superhero team the Avengers discovers Steve Rogers' body in the North Atlantic.
Faustus. ====1980s to 1990s==== The 1980s included a run by writer Roger Stern and artist John Byrne.
Stern had Rogers consider a run for President of the United States in Captain America #250 (June 1980), an idea originally developed by Roger McKenzie and Don Perlin.
Homophobia is dealt with as Rogers runs into a childhood friend named Arnold Roth who is gay. Mark Gruenwald became the writer of the series with issue #307 (July 1985) and wrote 137 issues for 10 consecutive years from until #443 (Sept.
Faustus. ====1980s to 1990s==== The 1980s included a run by writer Roger Stern and artist John Byrne.
He wields two energy force-field shields, similar to the one that Steve Rogers used once when he temporarily lost his vibranium shield. ===Last Avengers Story=== The two-issue limited series The Last Avengers Story (November–December 1995) tells of a possible alternative future for Captain America and the Avengers.
Erskine was meant for Steve Rogers. ===Elseworlds=== Captain America and his sidekick Bucky appear in Batman and Captain America, a 1996 title that is part of the DC Comics Elseworlds series.
In promos for Deadpool Corps, General America is shown to have a robotic arm. ===Earth X=== In the 1999 Earth X series, in a post-apocalyptic alternative present, Captain America is a war-worn hero, with a bald head, a ragged United States flag for a top and an A-shaped scar on his face, but still holding on to his shield and well-built.
Captain America also gets himself involved in the Superhuman Civil War in the 2000s.
4, #1–7 (June 2002 – Feb.
Simon and Marvel settled out of court in 2003, in a deal that paid Simon royalties for merchandising and licensing use of the character. ==Fictional character biography== ===20th century=== ====1940s==== Steven Rogers was born in the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York City, in 1920 to poor Irish immigrants, Sarah and Joseph Rogers.
In the 2010s, it is unknown if he is dead or in hiding after Doctor Doom took over the planet. ===Truth: Red, White & Black=== In the 2003 limited series Red, White & Black, black soldiers act as test subjects for the WWII Super-Soldier program of 1942.
1999) and Captain America and the Falcon (May 2004 – June 2005).
4) #28 (August 2004), an Isaiah Bradley from an alternative Earth became Captain America and never married.
1999) and Captain America and the Falcon (May 2004 – June 2005).
His costume gives him the power to generate and manipulate energy shields. ===Marvel Zombies=== In the 2005–2006 miniseries Marvel Zombies, and the follow-up 2007 Marvel Zombies vs.
Captain America and Thunderstrike return to their home universe to aid in the fight against Seth in Spider-Girl #59. In the 2005 limited series Last Hero Standing, the MC2 Captain America is fatally injured leading a group of young heroes in battle against the Norse god Loki.
After a mass supervillain break-out of the Raft, Rogers and Tony Stark assemble a new team of Avengers to hunt the escapees. In the 2006–2007 company-wide story arc "Civil War", Rogers opposes the new mandatory federal registration of super-powered beings, and leads the underground anti-registration movement.
The descendants of both men continue fighting each other up to the present in this alternative universe. In the 2006 What If Age of Apocalypse one shot, Captain America is the leader of the Defenders (this reality's version of the Avengers), alongside Logan (not bonded with any adamantium), Captain Britain (who uses Iron Man's armor), Brother Voodoo (this reality's Sorcerer Supreme, after Dr.
5, #25 (March 2007). The storyline of Rogers' return began in issue #600.
The 2007 mini-series Captain America: The Chosen, written by David Morrell and penciled by Mitchell Breitweiser, depicts a dying Steve Rogers' final minutes, at S.H.I.E.L.D.
His costume gives him the power to generate and manipulate energy shields. ===Marvel Zombies=== In the 2005–2006 miniseries Marvel Zombies, and the follow-up 2007 Marvel Zombies vs.
2009 – March 2010). After Rogers' return, Barnes, at Rogers' insistence, continued as Captain America, beginning in the one-shot comic Captain America: Who Will Wield the Shield? (Feb.
In his column on Comic Book Resources, Marvel Comics Editor-in-Chief Joe Quesada apologized for the sign, claiming that it was a mistake, added by the letterer at the last minute. The character, first as agent Steve Rogers and later after resuming his identity as Captain America, appeared as a regular character throughout the 2010–2013 Avengers series, from issue #1 (July 2010) through its final issue #34 (January 2013).
In the 2010s, it is unknown if he is dead or in hiding after Doctor Doom took over the planet. ===Truth: Red, White & Black=== In the 2003 limited series Red, White & Black, black soldiers act as test subjects for the WWII Super-Soldier program of 1942.
Captain America was ranked sixth on IGN's "Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time" in 2011, second in their list of "The Top 50 Avengers" in 2012, and second in their "Top 25 best Marvel superheroes" list in 2014. ==Publication history== ===Creation=== In 1940, writer Joe Simon conceived the idea for Captain America and made a sketch of the character in costume.
Captain America was ranked sixth on IGN's "Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time" in 2011, second in their list of "The Top 50 Avengers" in 2012, and second in their "Top 25 best Marvel superheroes" list in 2014. ==Publication history== ===Creation=== In 1940, writer Joe Simon conceived the idea for Captain America and made a sketch of the character in costume.
X-Men" storyline, Captain America faces off against Cyclops and the X-Men, only this time in an attempt to get two new kids on the block to join their respective group. An even younger version of Captain America appears in A-Babies vs X-Babies, a 2012 Skottie Young scripted story, illustrated by Gurihiru.
In his column on Comic Book Resources, Marvel Comics Editor-in-Chief Joe Quesada apologized for the sign, claiming that it was a mistake, added by the letterer at the last minute. The character, first as agent Steve Rogers and later after resuming his identity as Captain America, appeared as a regular character throughout the 2010–2013 Avengers series, from issue #1 (July 2010) through its final issue #34 (January 2013).
Captain America was ranked sixth on IGN's "Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time" in 2011, second in their list of "The Top 50 Avengers" in 2012, and second in their "Top 25 best Marvel superheroes" list in 2014. ==Publication history== ===Creation=== In 1940, writer Joe Simon conceived the idea for Captain America and made a sketch of the character in costume.
Captain America now runs the west side of the United States called "the Blue" as General America operating on his own set of politics compared to Iron Man on his side, "The Iron." ===Civil Warrior=== The 2014 mobile game Contest of Champions includes an exclusive version of Captain America named Civil Warrior.
The first appears in the 2015 Secret Wars tie-in, Giant Size Little Marvel, written and illustrated by Young.
Although he told Steve Rogers what he had experienced in his timeline, Logan declined Steve's offer of help. ==== Alternate timeline Hydra duplicate ==== During the 2016 " Standoff!" storyline, Steve Rogers learns from Rick Jones that S.H.I.E.L.D.
In the aftermath of the incident, Steve and Sam plan to keep what happened at Pleasant Hill under wraps for the time being. In Captain America: Steve Rogers #1 (July 2016), the final panel apparently revealed that Rogers has been a Hydra double-agent since his early youth.
This issue and the four Giant Size Little Marvel issues were collected into the Giant Size Little Marvel 2016 trade edition (). === Marvel 2099 === In Marvel 2099 a man masquerading as the original Captain America became ruler of the U.S.
Spider-Man and Roberta then go back to 2016 to restore the timeline.
He eventually kills the Skull after the villain is captured by the Unity Squad and the Xavier brain fragment extracted by the Beast, Rogers throwing the Skull out of a window over a cliff after Sin and Crossbones affirm their new allegiance to Rogers, Hydra Supreme. In the 2017 "Secret Empire" storyline, Rogers, as the head of S.H.I.E.L.D, uses a subsequent alien invasion and a mass supervillain assault in order to seize control of the United States.
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