malabaricus. == Research == New species of Coffea are still being identified in the 2000s.
In 2008 and 2009, researchers from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew named seven from the mountains of northern Madagascar, including C.
namorokensis. In 2008, two new species were discovered in Cameroon.
In 2008 and 2009, researchers from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew named seven from the mountains of northern Madagascar, including C.
By crossing the new species with other known coffees, two new features might be introduced to cultivated coffee plants: beans without caffeine and self-pollination. In 2011, Coffea absorbed the twenty species of the former genus Psilanthus due to the morphological and genetic similarities between the two genera.
This transfer expanded Coffea from 104 species to 124, and extended its native distribution to tropical Asia and Australasia. In 2014, the coffee genome was published, with more than 25,000 genes identified.
This revealed that coffee plants make caffeine using a different set of genes from those found in tea, cacao and other such plants. In 2017, a robust and almost fully resolved phylogeny of the entire genus was published.
In addition to resolving the relationships of Coffea species, this study's results suggest Africa or Asia as the likely ancestral origin of Coffea and point to several independent radiations across Africa, Asia, and the Western Indian Ocean Islands. In 2020 a technique of DNA fingerprinting, or genetic authentication of plant material was proven effective for coffee.
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