All have been destroyed during development of the city. ==History== ===Origin of Fort Des Moines=== Des Moines traces its origins to May 1843, when Captain James Allen supervised the construction of a fort on the site where the Des Moines and Raccoon Rivers merge.
Covering Iowa: The History of the Des Moines Register and Tribune Company, 1849-1985 (Iowa State University Press, 2000), 318 pp. ==External links== Des Moines Featured on NPR's Union The Des Moines Post Greater Des Moines Convention & Visitors Bureau Cities in Iowa Cities in Polk County, Iowa Cities in Warren County, Iowa County seats in Iowa Des Moines metropolitan area Populated places established in 1843 1843 establishments in Iowa Territory
The fort was abandoned in 1846 after the Sauk and Meskwaki were removed from the state and shifted to the Indian Territory. The Sauk and Meskwaki did not fare well in Des Moines.
On May 25, 1846, the state legislature designated Fort Des Moines as the seat of Polk County.
Covering Iowa: The History of the Des Moines Register and Tribune Company, 1849-1985 (Iowa State University Press, 2000), 318 pp. ==External links== Des Moines Featured on NPR's Union The Des Moines Post Greater Des Moines Convention & Visitors Bureau Cities in Iowa Cities in Polk County, Iowa Cities in Warren County, Iowa County seats in Iowa Des Moines metropolitan area Populated places established in 1843 1843 establishments in Iowa Territory
Arozina Perkins, a school teacher who spent the winter of 1850–1851 in the town of Fort Des Moines, was not favorably impressed: This is one of the strangest looking "cities" I ever saw...
Open daily from May through October, the Living History Farms include a 1700 Ioway Indian village, 1850 pioneer farm, 1875 frontier town, 1900 horse-powered farm, and a modern crop center. Wallace House was the home of the first Henry Wallace, a national leader in agriculture and conservation and the first editor of Wallaces' Farmer farm journal.
This restored 1883 Italianate Victorian houses exhibits, artifacts, and information covering four generations of Henry Wallaces and other family members. Historic Jordan House in West Des Moines is a stately Victorian home built in 1850 and added to in 1870 by the first white settler in West Des Moines, James C.
It was incorporated on September 22, 1851, as Fort Des Moines, which was shortened to "Des Moines" in 1857.
There are people from nearly every state, and Dutch, Swedes, etc. In May 1851, much of the town was destroyed during the Flood of 1851.
Crops were utterly destroyed, houses and fences swept away." The city started to rebuild from scratch. ===Era of growth=== On September 22, 1851, Des Moines was incorporated as a city; the charter was approved by voters on October 18.
It was incorporated on September 22, 1851, as Fort Des Moines, which was shortened to "Des Moines" in 1857.
In 1857, the name "Fort Des Moines" was shortened to "Des Moines", and it was designated as the second state capital, previously at Iowa City.
Growth was slow during the Civil War period, but the city exploded in size and importance after a railroad link was completed in 1866. In 1864, the Des Moines Coal Company was organized to begin the first systematic mining in the region.
Growth was slow during the Civil War period, but the city exploded in size and importance after a railroad link was completed in 1866. In 1864, the Des Moines Coal Company was organized to begin the first systematic mining in the region.
This opulent 1869 home was built by Iowa's first millionaire, Benjamin F.
This restored 1883 Italianate Victorian houses exhibits, artifacts, and information covering four generations of Henry Wallaces and other family members. Historic Jordan House in West Des Moines is a stately Victorian home built in 1850 and added to in 1870 by the first white settler in West Des Moines, James C.
Its first mine, north of town on the river's west side, was exhausted by 1873.
Open daily from May through October, the Living History Farms include a 1700 Ioway Indian village, 1850 pioneer farm, 1875 frontier town, 1900 horse-powered farm, and a modern crop center. Wallace House was the home of the first Henry Wallace, a national leader in agriculture and conservation and the first editor of Wallaces' Farmer farm journal.
By 1876, this mine employed 150 men and shipped 20 carloads of coal per day.
Prominent artists in the Salisbury House collection include Joseph Stella, Lillian Genth, Anthony van Dyck and Lawrence Alma-Tadema. Built in 1877 by prominent pioneer businessman Hoyt Sherman, Hoyt Sherman Place mansion was Des Moines' first public art gallery and houses a distinctive collection of 19th and 20th century artwork.
This was about 1.7% of the city's population in 1910. By 1880, Des Moines had a population of 22,408, making it Iowa's largest city.
This restored 1883 Italianate Victorian houses exhibits, artifacts, and information covering four generations of Henry Wallaces and other family members. Historic Jordan House in West Des Moines is a stately Victorian home built in 1850 and added to in 1870 by the first white settler in West Des Moines, James C.
By 1885, numerous mine shafts were within the city limits, and mining began to spread into the surrounding countryside.
By 1893, 23 mines were in the region.
In 1893 Jordan's daughter Eda was sliding down the banister when she fell off and broke her neck.
Guided tours are available. The Capitol grounds include a World War II memorial with sculpture and Wall of Memories, the 1894 Soldiers and Sailors Monument of the Civil War and memorials honoring those who served in the Spanish–American, Korean, and Vietnam Wars. The West Capitol Terrace provides the entrance from the west to the state's grandest building, the State Capitol Building.
The park commissioners purchased the land on April 21, 1894. The Principal Riverwalk is a riverwalk park district being constructed along the banks of the Des Moines River in the downtown.
The former Des Moines Public Library building (now the home of the World Food Prize); the United States central Post Office, built by the federal government (now the Polk County Administrative Building, with a newer addition); and the City Hall are surviving examples of the 1900–1910 buildings.
Open daily from May through October, the Living History Farms include a 1700 Ioway Indian village, 1850 pioneer farm, 1875 frontier town, 1900 horse-powered farm, and a modern crop center. Wallace House was the home of the first Henry Wallace, a national leader in agriculture and conservation and the first editor of Wallaces' Farmer farm journal.
The city has since rebounded, transforming from a blue-collar industrial city to a white-collar professional city. In 1907, the city adopted a city commission government known as the Des Moines Plan, comprising an elected mayor and four commissioners, all elected at-large, who were responsible for public works, public property, public safety, and finance.
By 1908, Des Moines' coal resources were largely exhausted.
This was about 1.7% of the city's population in 1910. By 1880, Des Moines had a population of 22,408, making it Iowa's largest city.
In 1910, the Census Bureau reported Des Moines' population as 97.3% white and 2.7% black, reflecting its early settlement pattern primarily by ethnic Europeans. ==="City Beautiful" project, decline and rebirth=== At the turn of the 20th century, encouraged by the Civic Committee of the Des Moines Women's Club, Des Moines undertook a "City Beautiful" project in which large Beaux Arts public buildings and fountains were constructed along the Des Moines River.
In 1912, Des Moines still had eight locals of the United Mine Workers union, representing 1,410 miners.
Built in the 1920s by cosmetics magnate Carl Weeks and his wife, Edith, the Salisbury House contains authentic 16th-century English oak and rafters dating to Shakespeare's days, numerous other architectural features re-purposed from other historic English homes, and an internationally significant collection of original fine art, tapestries, decorative art, furniture, musical instruments, and rare books and documents.
Before then, the 19-story Equitable Building, from 1924, was the tallest building in the city and the tallest building in Iowa.
The ornamental fountains that stood along the riverbank were buried in the 1950s when the city began a postindustrial decline that lasted until the late 1980s.
Considered progressive at the time, it diluted the votes of ethnic and national minorities, who generally could not command the majority to elect a candidate of their choice. That form of government was scrapped in 1950 in favor of a council-manager government, with the council members elected at-large.
As with many major urban areas, the city core began losing population to the suburbs in the 1960s (the peak population of 208,982 was recorded in 1960), as highway construction led to new residential construction outside the city.
In 1967, the city changed its government to elect four of the seven city council members from single-member districts or wards, rather than at-large.
Through ICLEI, Des Moines has implemented "The Tomorrow Plan", a regional plan focused on developing central Iowa in a sustainable fashion, centrally-planned growth, and resource consumption to manage the local population. ==Cityscape== The skyline of Des Moines changed in the 1970s and the 1980s, when several new skyscrapers were built.
Ray Asian Gardens and Pavilion, named in honor of the former governor whose influence helped relocate thousands of Vietnamese refugees to Iowa homes in the 1970s and 1980s.
The 25-story Financial Center was completed in 1973 and the 36-story Ruan Center was completed in 1974.
The Temple for Performing Arts and Des Moines Playhouse are other venues for live theatre, comedy, and performance arts. The Des Moines Metro Opera has been a cultural resource in Des Moines since 1973.
The 25-story Financial Center was completed in 1973 and the 36-story Ruan Center was completed in 1974.
The ornamental fountains that stood along the riverbank were buried in the 1950s when the city began a postindustrial decline that lasted until the late 1980s.
Through ICLEI, Des Moines has implemented "The Tomorrow Plan", a regional plan focused on developing central Iowa in a sustainable fashion, centrally-planned growth, and resource consumption to manage the local population. ==Cityscape== The skyline of Des Moines changed in the 1970s and the 1980s, when several new skyscrapers were built.
The Des Moines skywalk also began to take shape during the 1980s.
Ray Asian Gardens and Pavilion, named in honor of the former governor whose influence helped relocate thousands of Vietnamese refugees to Iowa homes in the 1970s and 1980s.
Additional skyscrapers were built in the 1990s, including Iowa's tallest.
Iowa's tallest building, Principal Financial Group's 45-story tower at 801 Grand was built in 1991, and the 19-story EMC Insurance Building was erected in 1997. During this time period, the Civic Center of Greater Des Moines (1979) was developed; it hosts Broadway shows and special events.
The growth of the outlying suburbs has continued, and the overall metropolitan-area population is over 600,000 today. During the Great Flood of 1993, heavy rains throughout June and early July caused the Des Moines and Raccoon Rivers to rise above flood stage levels.
The Des Moines Water Works was submerged by floodwaters during the early morning hours of July 11, 1993, leaving an estimated 250,000 people without running water for 12 days and without drinking water for 20 days.
In both 1993 and 2008, the flooding river overtopped the reservoir spillway. Today, Des Moines is a member of ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability USA.
The Barnstormers relaunched as an af2 club in 2008 before joining a relaunched Arena Football League in 2010 and the Indoor Football League in 2015; the Barnstormers had previously played in the Arena Football League from 1994 to 2000 (featuring future NFL Hall of Famer and Super Bowl MVP quarterback Kurt Warner) before relocating to New York.
Iowa's tallest building, Principal Financial Group's 45-story tower at 801 Grand was built in 1991, and the 19-story EMC Insurance Building was erected in 1997. During this time period, the Civic Center of Greater Des Moines (1979) was developed; it hosts Broadway shows and special events.
The population was 198,682 in 2000 and grew slightly to 200,538 in 2009.
The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female. ===2000 census=== As of the 2000 census, there were 198,682 people, 80,504 households, and 48,704 families in the city.
20.9% were of German, 10.3% Irish, 9.1% "American" and 8.0% English ancestry, according to Census 2000. There were 80,504 households, out of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.7% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.5% were non-families.
The Barnstormers relaunched as an af2 club in 2008 before joining a relaunched Arena Football League in 2010 and the Indoor Football League in 2015; the Barnstormers had previously played in the Arena Football League from 1994 to 2000 (featuring future NFL Hall of Famer and Super Bowl MVP quarterback Kurt Warner) before relocating to New York.
Covering Iowa: The History of the Des Moines Register and Tribune Company, 1849-1985 (Iowa State University Press, 2000), 318 pp. ==External links== Des Moines Featured on NPR's Union The Des Moines Post Greater Des Moines Convention & Visitors Bureau Cities in Iowa Cities in Polk County, Iowa Cities in Warren County, Iowa County seats in Iowa Des Moines metropolitan area Populated places established in 1843 1843 establishments in Iowa Territory
Ballet Des Moines was established in 2002.
Naber was appointed as the new City Engineer. The council members include: A plan to merge the governments of Des Moines and Polk County was rejected by voters during the November 2, 2004, election.
The new Science Center of Iowa and Blank IMAX Dome Theater and the Iowa Events Center opened in 2005.
It is 850 feet above sea level at the confluence of the Raccoon and Des Moines Rivers. In November 2005, Des Moines voters approved a measure that allowed the city to annex parcels of land in the northeast, southeast, and southern corners of Des Moines without agreement by local residents, particularly areas bordering the Iowa Highway 5/U.S.
In addition to performing seven pairs of classical concerts each season, the Symphony also entertains with New Year's Eve Pops and its annual Yankee Doodle Pops concerts. The Metro Arts Alliance produces Jazz in July every year, that offers free jazz shows daily at various venues throughout the city during the entire month of July. Wells Fargo Arena is the Des Moines area's primary venue for sporting events and concerts since its opening in 2005.
The new central branch of the Des Moines Public Library, designed by renowned architect David Chipperfield of London, opened on April 8, 2006. The World Food Prize Foundation, which is based in Des Moines, completed adaptation and restoration of the former Des Moines Public Library building in October 2011.
A 2007 article in The New York Times said, "If you have any desire to witness presidential candidates in the most close-up and intimate of settings, there is arguably no better place to go than Des Moines." ==Etymology== Des Moines takes its name from Fort Des Moines (1843–46), which was named for the Des Moines River.
The city is also home to Des Moines University, an osteopathic medical school. ==Media== The Des Moines market, which originally consisted of Polk, Dallas, Story, and Warren counties, was ranked 91st by Arbitron as of the fall of 2007 with a population of 512,000 aged 12 and older.
As of March 31, 2007, the Register ranked 71st in circulation among daily newspapers in the United States according to the Audit Bureau of Circulations with 146,050 daily and 233,229 Sunday subscribers.
The Iowa Energy, a D-League team, began play in 2007.
Des Moines suffered major flooding again in June 2008 with a major levee breach.
In both 1993 and 2008, the flooding river overtopped the reservoir spillway. Today, Des Moines is a member of ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability USA.
It was ranked 71st by Nielsen Media Research for the 2008–2009 television season with 432,410 television households. Commercial television stations serving Des Moines include CBS affiliate KCCI channel 8, NBC affiliate WHO-DT channel 13, and Fox affiliate KDSM-TV channel 17.
The Barnstormers relaunched as an af2 club in 2008 before joining a relaunched Arena Football League in 2010 and the Indoor Football League in 2015; the Barnstormers had previously played in the Arena Football League from 1994 to 2000 (featuring future NFL Hall of Famer and Super Bowl MVP quarterback Kurt Warner) before relocating to New York.
The population was 198,682 in 2000 and grew slightly to 200,538 in 2009.
The annexations became official on June 26, 2009, as and around 868 new residents were added to the city of Des Moines.
An extension of the art center is downtown in an urban museum space, featuring three or four exhibitions each year. The Pappajohn Sculpture Park was established in 2009.
Discovered in December 2010, the "Palace" is an expansive, 7,000-year-old site found during excavations prior to construction of the new wastewater treatment plant in southeastern Des Moines.
The area had a 2010 census population of 606,3475 and an estimated 2019 population of 699,292.
The 2010 census population of this area was 778,013, and the estimated 2019 population was 877,991.
Winters are slightly colder than Chicago, but still warmer than Minneapolis, with summer temperatures being very similar between the Upper Midwest metropolitan areas. ==Demographics== ===2010 census=== As of the census of 2010, there were 203,433 people, 81,369 households, and 47,491 families residing in the city.
The city's racial make up during the 2010 census was 76.4% White, 10.2% African American, 0.5% Native American, 4.4% Asian (1.2% Vietnamese, 0.9% Laotian, 0.4% Burmese, 0.3% Asian Indian, 0.3% Thai, 0.2% Chinese, 0.2% Cambodian, 0.2% Filipino, 0.1% Hmong, 0.1% Korean, 0.1% Nepalese), 0.1% Pacific Islander, 5.0% from other races, and 3.4% from two or more races.
Non-Hispanic Whites were 70.5% of the population in 2010. There were 81,369 households, of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.9% were married couples living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.6% were non-families.
The Barnstormers relaunched as an af2 club in 2008 before joining a relaunched Arena Football League in 2010 and the Indoor Football League in 2015; the Barnstormers had previously played in the Arena Football League from 1994 to 2000 (featuring future NFL Hall of Famer and Super Bowl MVP quarterback Kurt Warner) before relocating to New York.
The new central branch of the Des Moines Public Library, designed by renowned architect David Chipperfield of London, opened on April 8, 2006. The World Food Prize Foundation, which is based in Des Moines, completed adaptation and restoration of the former Des Moines Public Library building in October 2011.
But in June 2011 it was moved up to 72nd with the addition of Boone, Clarke, Greene, Guthrie, Jasper, Lucas, Madison and Marion counties. ===Radio=== ====Commercial stations==== iHeartMedia owns five radio stations in the area, including WHO 1040 AM, a 50,000-watt AM news/talk station that has the highest ratings in the area and once employed future President Ronald Reagan as a sportscaster.
The only international service is cargo service, but there have been discussions about adding an international terminal. ==Education== The Des Moines Public Schools district is the largest community school district in Iowa with 32,062 enrolled students as of the 2012–2013 school year.
The Wild, the AHL affiliate of the National Hockey League's Minnesota Wild have played at Wells Fargo Arena since 2013; previously, the Iowa Chops played four seasons in Des Moines (known as the Iowa Stars for three of those seasons.) Additionally, the Des Moines Buccaneers of the United States Hockey League play at Buccaneer Arena in suburban Urbandale. The Vikings of Grand View University also compete in intercollegiate athletics in Des Moines.
They were NAIA National Champions in football in 2013. The Principal Charity Classic, a Champions Tour golf event, is held at Wakonda Club in late May or early June.
In 2014, Jonathan Gano was appointed as the new Public Works Director.
This was where the earliest known encounters between the Moingona and European explorers took place. In 2015, Michael McCafferty of Indiana University, while studying the Miami-Illinois language, concluded that the name was actually a derisive term coined by the Peoria tribe.
In 2015, Dana Wingert was appointed as Police Chief.
In 2015, 8.5 percent of Des Moines households lacked a car, and increased to 9.6 percent in 2016.
The Barnstormers relaunched as an af2 club in 2008 before joining a relaunched Arena Football League in 2010 and the Indoor Football League in 2015; the Barnstormers had previously played in the Arena Football League from 1994 to 2000 (featuring future NFL Hall of Famer and Super Bowl MVP quarterback Kurt Warner) before relocating to New York.
In 2015, 8.5 percent of Des Moines households lacked a car, and increased to 9.6 percent in 2016.
The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016.
Des Moines averaged 1.71 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8. Burlington Trailways, Jefferson Lines, and Megabus run long-distance, inter-city bus routes through Des Moines. Although Des Moines was historically a train hub, it does not have passenger train service.
They were bought by the Minnesota Timberwolves in 2017 and were renamed the Iowa Wolves to reflect the new ownership.
The city's population was 214,237 as of the 2019 population estimate.
The six-county metropolitan area is ranked 83rd in terms of population in the United States with 699,292 residents according to the 2019 estimate by the United States Census Bureau, and is the largest metropolitan area fully located within the state. Des Moines is a major center of the US insurance industry and has a sizable financial services and publishing business base.
The area had a 2010 census population of 606,3475 and an estimated 2019 population of 699,292.
The 2010 census population of this area was 778,013, and the estimated 2019 population was 877,991.
The Principal is one of two Fortune 500 companies with headquarters in Iowa (the other being Casey's General Stores), ranking 201st on the magazine's list in 2020. As a center of financial and insurance services, other major corporations headquartered outside of Iowa have a presence in the Des Moines Metro area, including Wells Fargo, Voya Financial, and Electronic Data Systems (EDS).
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