However, their common distrust of Russia brought both empires together for a common cause. ==Alliance against Russia== After the formation of the German Empire in 1871, German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck wanted to portray his nation as a peacemaker and preserver of the European status quo, to gain more power for the German Empire and to unify Germany.
In 1878, the Russian Empire defeated the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish War.
Hence, in 1878, Bismarck called an international conference (the Congress of Berlin) to sort out the problem.
The Dual Alliance (Doppelte Allianz, Kettős Szövetség) was a defensive alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary, which was created by treaty on October 7th, 1879 as part of Germany's Otto von Bismarck's system of alliances to prevent or limit war.
==Formation== When Austria-Hungary and Germany formed an alliance in 1879, it was one of the more surprising alliances of its time.
The Dual Alliance persisted throughout the war, known as the Central Powers, and ended by their defeat in 1918. ==References== ==External links== Translated text of the Dual Alliance 1879 in Austria-Hungary Military alliances involving Austria-Hungary 19th-century military alliances 1879 treaties Military alliances involving the German Empire 1879 in Germany Austria–Germany relations Austria-Hungary–Germany relations October 1879 events
The Three Emperors' League was discontinued, and Germany and Austria-Hungary were free to ally against Russia. ==Italy joins alliance== In 1881, Italy lost in the competition with France to establish a colony in Tunis (now Tunisia).
To enlist diplomatic support, Italy joined Germany and Austria-Hungary to form the Triple Alliance in 1882, which was the first formal alliance in Europe, the second being the Triple Entente, an informal alliance, formed in 1907. During World War I, however, Italy did not go to war immediately with its allies but stayed neutral.
Also, each state promised benevolent neutrality to the other if one of them was attacked by another European power (generally taken to be France, even more so after the Franco-Russian Alliance of 1894).
To enlist diplomatic support, Italy joined Germany and Austria-Hungary to form the Triple Alliance in 1882, which was the first formal alliance in Europe, the second being the Triple Entente, an informal alliance, formed in 1907. During World War I, however, Italy did not go to war immediately with its allies but stayed neutral.
In 1915, it joined the Entente powers and declared war on Austria-Hungary and, in 1916, against Germany.
In 1915, it joined the Entente powers and declared war on Austria-Hungary and, in 1916, against Germany.
The Dual Alliance persisted throughout the war, known as the Central Powers, and ended by their defeat in 1918. ==References== ==External links== Translated text of the Dual Alliance 1879 in Austria-Hungary Military alliances involving Austria-Hungary 19th-century military alliances 1879 treaties Military alliances involving the German Empire 1879 in Germany Austria–Germany relations Austria-Hungary–Germany relations October 1879 events
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