Robert Jacobson, Principal Consultant to the California State Assembly's Utilities & Commerce Committee, in the title and text of California's Electronic Commerce Act, carried by the late Commmittee Chairwoman Gwen Moore (D-L.A.) and enacted in 1984.
(Not permitted to testify is Quantum Technology, later to become AOL.) California's Electronic Commerce Act was passed in 1984. 1983: Karen Earle Lile (AKA Karen Bean) and Kendall Ross Bean create e-commerce service in San Francisco Bay Area.
Customer Service happened through a Piano Advice Hotline listed in the San Francisco Chronicle classified ads and money transferred by a bank Wire transfer when a sale was completed. 1984: Gateshead SIS/Tesco is first B2C online shopping system and Mrs Snowball, 72, is the first online home shopper 1984: In April 1984, CompuServe launches the Electronic Mall in the US and Canada.
It is the first comprehensive electronic commerce service. 1989: In May 1989, Sequoia Data Corp.
It is a portal to report complaints about online and related transactions with foreign companies. There is also Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) was established in 1989 with the vision of achieving stability, security and prosperity for the region through free and open trade and investment.
In order to give a uniformity to e-commerce law around the world, many countries adopted the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce (1996). Internationally there is the International Consumer Protection and Enforcement Network (ICPEN), which was formed in 1991 from an informal network of government customer fair trade organisations.
Netscape 1.0 is introduced in late 1994 with SSL encryption that made transactions secure. 1994: Ipswitch IMail Server becomes the first software available online for sale and immediate download via a partnership between Ipswitch, Inc.
and OpenMarket. 1994: "Ten Summoner's Tales" by Sting becomes the first secure online purchase through NetMarket. 1995: The US National Science Foundation lifts its former strict prohibition of commercial enterprise on the Internet. 1995: Thursday 27 April 1995, the purchase of a book by Paul Stanfield, Product Manager for CompuServe UK, from W H Smith's shop within CompuServe's UK Shopping Centre is the UK's first national online shopping service secure transaction.
Business.com sold for US$7.5 million to eCompanies, which was purchased in 1997 for US$149,000.
ATG Stores launches to sell decorative items for the home online. 1999: Global e-commerce reaches $150 billion 2000: The dot-com bust. 2001: eBay has the largest userbase of any e-commerce site. 2001: Alibaba.com achieved profitability in December 2001. 2002: eBay acquires PayPal for $1.5 billion.
From this came Econsumer.gov, an ICPEN initiative since April 2001.
The CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 establishes national standards for direct marketing over e-mail.
On 28 August 2004, the eleventh session of the tenth NPC Standing Committee adopted The Electronic Signature Law, which regulates data message, electronic signature authentication and legal liability issues.
As a result, any corporate privacy policy related to e-commerce activity may be subject to enforcement by the FTC. The Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 2008, which came into law in 2008, amends the Controlled Substances Act to address online pharmacies. Conflict of laws in cyberspace is a major hurdle for harmonization of legal framework for e-commerce around the world.
The UK implemented the PSD through the Payment Services Regulations 2009 (PSRs), which came into effect on 1 November 2009.
Data integrity and security are pressing issues for electronic commerce. Aside from traditional e-commerce, the terms m-Commerce (mobile commerce) as well (around 2013) t-Commerce have also been used. ==Global trends== In 2010, the United Kingdom had the highest per capita e-commerce spending in the world.
e-commerce transactions between China and other countries increased 32% to 2.3 trillion yuan ($375.8 billion) in 2012 and accounted for 9.6% of China's total international trade.
Yet, internet penetration is low: 35% in Egypt and 65% in Saudi Arabia. E-commerce has become an important tool for small and large businesses worldwide, not only to sell to customers, but also to engage them. In 2012, e-commerce sales topped $1 trillion for the first time in history. Mobile devices are playing an increasing role in the mix of e-commerce, this is also commonly called mobile commerce, or m-commerce.
Donnelley for $345 million. 2014: US e-commerce and Online Retail sales projected to reach $294 billion, an increase of 12 percent over 2013 and 9% of all retail sales.
Data integrity and security are pressing issues for electronic commerce. Aside from traditional e-commerce, the terms m-Commerce (mobile commerce) as well (around 2013) t-Commerce have also been used. ==Global trends== In 2010, the United Kingdom had the highest per capita e-commerce spending in the world.
As of 2013, the Czech Republic was the European country where e-commerce delivers the biggest contribution to the enterprises´ total revenue.
In 2013, Alibaba had an e-commerce market share of 80% in China.
In these senses, CPG investors are being forced to adapt to e-commerce as it is effective as well as a means for them to thrive. In 2013, Brazil's e-commerce was growing quickly with retail e-commerce sales expected to grow at a double-digit pace through 2014.
In 2014, there were 600 million Internet users in China (twice as many as in the US), making it the world's biggest online market.
In these senses, CPG investors are being forced to adapt to e-commerce as it is effective as well as a means for them to thrive. In 2013, Brazil's e-commerce was growing quickly with retail e-commerce sales expected to grow at a double-digit pace through 2014.
In 2014, one estimate saw purchases made on mobile devices making up 25% of the market by 2017. For traditional businesses, one research stated that information technology and cross-border e-commerce is a good opportunity for the rapid development and growth of enterprises.
With 668 million Internet users, China's online shopping sales reached $253 billion in the first half of 2015, accounting for 10% of total Chinese consumer retail sales in that period.
These countries need to make rational conclusions in coming up with effective sanctions. The rate of growth of the number of internet users in the Arab countries has been rapid – 13.1% in 2015.
The online market is expected to grow by 56% in 2015–2020.
China is also the largest e-commerce market in the world by value of sales, with an estimated in 2016.
By 2016, eMarketer expected retail e-commerce sales in Brazil to reach $17.3 billion.
The India retail market is expected to rise from 2.5% in 2016 to 5% in 2020. The future trends in the GCC countries will be similar to that of the western countries.
Amazon, the largest user of boxes, has a strategy to cut back on packing material and has reduced packaging material used by 19 percent by weight since 2016.
India has an Internet user base of about 460 million as of December 2017.
In 2014, one estimate saw purchases made on mobile devices making up 25% of the market by 2017. For traditional businesses, one research stated that information technology and cross-border e-commerce is a good opportunity for the rapid development and growth of enterprises.
In 2017, retail e-commerce sales worldwide amounted to 2.3 trillion US dollars and e-retail revenues are projected to grow to 4.891 trillion US dollars in 2021.
If the products are expensive, large or fragile, it refers to safety issues. === Impact on the environment === In 2018, E-commerce generated 1.3 million tons of container cardboard in North America, an increase from 1.1 million in 2017.
If the products are expensive, large or fragile, it refers to safety issues. === Impact on the environment === In 2018, E-commerce generated 1.3 million tons of container cardboard in North America, an increase from 1.1 million in 2017.
Specifically, research shows that the e-commerce market is expected to grow to over $20 billion by the year 2020 among these GCC countries (Yuldashev).
The India retail market is expected to rise from 2.5% in 2016 to 5% in 2020. The future trends in the GCC countries will be similar to that of the western countries.
In general, recommender system is used to contact customers online and assist finding the right products they want effectively and directly. == E-commerce during COVID-19 == In March 2020, global retail website traffic hit 14.3 billion visits signifying an unprecedented growth of e-commerce during the lockdown of 2020.
In 2017, retail e-commerce sales worldwide amounted to 2.3 trillion US dollars and e-retail revenues are projected to grow to 4.891 trillion US dollars in 2021.
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