France later renounced its claim in the 1697 Treaty of Ryswick. Johann Wilhelm succeeded as Elector in 1690, changing his residence first to Düsseldorf, then back to Heidelberg and finally Mannheim in 1720.
The 1705 'Palatine Church Division' compromised by allocating 5/7ths of public church property to the Reformed or Calvinist church and 2/7ths to the Catholic, but excluded the Lutheran Church, whose membership exceeded 40% of the population in some areas. In 1716, Charles Philip succeeded his brother as Elector and in January 1742, helped his cousin Charles Albert become the first non-Habsburg Emperor in over 300 years.
Ruled in personal union with the Electorate of Bavaria from 1777, the Electoral Palatinate was finally disestablished with the German mediatization in 1803. == History == The comital office of Count Palatine at the Frankish court of King Childebert I was already mentioned about 535.
He died in December and the Palatinate passed to Charles Theodore, then Duke of Sulzbach, who also inherited the Electorate of Bavaria in 1777.
Gunnoe, (2004) "Palatinate" in Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World Electoral Rhenish Circle 1080s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire 1085 establishments in Europe 1803 disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire Former states and territories of Rhineland-Palatinate States and territories established in 1085 Grand Duchy of Baden Palatinate of Lotharingia States and territories disestablished in 1803
The title and authority of the two Electorates were combined, Charles and his heirs retaining only the vote and precedence of the Bavarian elector, although continuing to use the title 'Count Palatine of the Rhine' (Pfalzgraf bei Rhein, Comes Palatinus Rheni). The Palatine territories on the left bank of the Rhine were annexed by France in 1795, mainly becoming part of the Mont-Tonnerre department.
Ruled in personal union with the Electorate of Bavaria from 1777, the Electoral Palatinate was finally disestablished with the German mediatization in 1803. == History == The comital office of Count Palatine at the Frankish court of King Childebert I was already mentioned about 535.
Gunnoe, (2004) "Palatinate" in Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World Electoral Rhenish Circle 1080s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire 1085 establishments in Europe 1803 disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire Former states and territories of Rhineland-Palatinate States and territories established in 1085 Grand Duchy of Baden Palatinate of Lotharingia States and territories disestablished in 1803
Those on the right were taken by the Elector of Baden, after the 1805 Peace of Pressburg dissolved the Holy Roman Empire; the remaining Wittelsbach territories were united by Maximilian Joseph as the Kingdom of Bavaria. === After the Empire === In 1806, Baden was raised to a grand duchy and parts of the former Palatinate including Mannheim became part of it.
Those on the right were taken by the Elector of Baden, after the 1805 Peace of Pressburg dissolved the Holy Roman Empire; the remaining Wittelsbach territories were united by Maximilian Joseph as the Kingdom of Bavaria. === After the Empire === In 1806, Baden was raised to a grand duchy and parts of the former Palatinate including Mannheim became part of it.
At the Congress of Vienna in 1814 and 1815, southern parts of the left-bank Palatinate were restored and enlarged by mediatisation (consuming the former Bishopric of Speyer, the Free Imperial City of Speyer, and others) up to the new border with France, and given (temporarily) to the Habsburg Austrian Empire; after this time, it was this new region that was principally known as "the Palatinate".
At the Congress of Vienna in 1814 and 1815, southern parts of the left-bank Palatinate were restored and enlarged by mediatisation (consuming the former Bishopric of Speyer, the Free Imperial City of Speyer, and others) up to the new border with France, and given (temporarily) to the Habsburg Austrian Empire; after this time, it was this new region that was principally known as "the Palatinate".
The right-bank Palatinate remained with Baden while northern parts became part of Prussia (Rhine Province) and Hesse (Rhenish Hesse). In 1816, the Palatinate became a formal part of the Wittelsbach Kingdom of Bavaria (the Rheinkreis or Circle of the Rhine) in a pre-arranged exchange for Tirol, which Bavaria ceded to Austria.
The Bavarian House of Wittelsbach eventually held the Palatinate territories until 1918. During a later division of territory among the heirs of Duke Louis II, Duke of Upper Bavaria, in 1294, the elder branch of the Wittelsbachs came into possession of both the Rhenish Palatinate and the territories in the Bavarian Nordgau (Bavaria north of the Danube river) with the centre around the town of Amberg.
In terms of proportional German casualties and destruction, it was surpassed only by the period January to May 1945 and remains the single greatest war trauma in German memory. Frederick was evicted from Bohemia in 1620 following his defeat by the forces of Emperor Ferdinand II at the Battle of the White Mountain.
The former Territory of the Saar Basin was reinstated and expanded to create the French Saar Protectorate, which returned to Germany in 1956 as the modern state of Saarland. == Coat of arms == In 1156 Conrad of Hohenstaufen, brother of emperor Frederick Barbarossa became Count Palatine.
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