Since the downloaded code runs from RAM, there is little space to spare, particularly for processors dedicated to seeker input processing and target analysis. ==History== The missile began as a program by General Dynamics to produce an improved variant of their 1967 FIM-43 Redeye.
Production of the Redeye ran from 1969 to 1982, with a total production of around 85,000 missiles.
Army in 1971 and designated FIM-92; the Stinger appellation was chosen in 1972.
Army in 1971 and designated FIM-92; the Stinger appellation was chosen in 1972.
Production of the FIM-92A began in 1978.
The battery of a Stinger lasts for four or five years, so any battery supplied in the 1980s would now be inoperative but during the Syrian Civil War, insurgents showed how easily they switched to different batteries, including widespread car batteries, as power sources for several MANPADS models. ===Libyan invasion of Chad=== The French army used 15 firing positions and 30 missiles purchased in 1983 for operations in Chad.
Secret Service plans favor moving the President to a safer place in the event of an attack rather than shooting down the plane, lest the missile (or the wreckage of the target aircraft) hit innocents. During the 1980s, the Stinger was used to support different US-aligned guerrilla forces, notably the Afghan Mujahidins, the Chad government against the Libyan invasion and the Angolan UNITA.
. == External links == FIM-92 Stinger MANPADS man-portable surface-to-air missile system(Army Recognition) Raytheon (General Dynamics) FIM-92 Stinger – Designation Systems Defense Update: Stinger VSHORAD Missile FIM-92A Stinger Weapons System: RMP & Basic Fas Raytheon Company products FIM092 FIM092 FIM092 Military equipment introduced in the 1980s
Developed in the United States, it entered service in 1981 and is used by the militaries of the United States and 29 other countries.
Production ran from 1981 to 1987; a total of 600 missiles were produced. FIM-92C, Stinger RMP: The resistance to interference was increased again by adding more powerful digital computer components.
Production of the Redeye ran from 1969 to 1982, with a total production of around 85,000 missiles.
Nonetheless, on 21 May 1982 an SAS soldier engaged and shot down an Argentine Pucará ground attack aircraft with a Stinger.
An improved Stinger with a new seeker, the FIM-92B, was produced from 1983 alongside the FIM-92A.
The program began in FY 1983 and a final report was issued December 3, 1986. ==Service== ===Falklands War=== The Stinger's combat debut occurred during the Falklands War fought between the United Kingdom and Argentina.
The battery of a Stinger lasts for four or five years, so any battery supplied in the 1980s would now be inoperative but during the Syrian Civil War, insurgents showed how easily they switched to different batteries, including widespread car batteries, as power sources for several MANPADS models. ===Libyan invasion of Chad=== The French army used 15 firing positions and 30 missiles purchased in 1983 for operations in Chad.
Production of both the A and B types ended in 1987 with around 16,000 missiles produced. The replacement FIM-92C began development in 1984, and production began in 1987.
Production was scheduled for 2004, but Jane's reports that this may be on hold. Since 1984 the Stinger has been issued to many U.S.
Six National Gendarmerie Special Forces were killed and eight more wounded. The main MANPADS used by both sides during the Falklands War was the Blowpipe missile. ===Soviet War in Afghanistan=== In late 1985, several groups, such as Free the Eagle, began arguing the CIA was not doing enough to support the Mujahideen in the Soviet–Afghan War.
The program began in FY 1983 and a final report was issued December 3, 1986. ==Service== ===Falklands War=== The Stinger's combat debut occurred during the Falklands War fought between the United Kingdom and Argentina.
Furthermore, the previous attempts to provide MANPADs to the Mujahideen, namely the SA-7 and Blowpipe, hadn't worked very well. Engineer Ghaffar, of Gulbuddin Hekmatyar's Hezb-i-Islami, brought down the first Hind gunship with a Stinger on September 25, 1986 near Jalalabad.
Representative Charlie Wilson, the politician behind Operation Cyclone, described the first Stinger Mi-24 shootdowns in 1986 as one of the three crucial moments of his experience in the war, saying "we never really won a set-piece battle before September 26, and then we never lost one afterwards." He was given the first spent Stinger tube as a gift and kept it on his office wall.
Production of both the A and B types ended in 1987 with around 16,000 missiles produced. The replacement FIM-92C began development in 1984, and production began in 1987.
Production ran from 1981 to 1987; a total of 600 missiles were produced. FIM-92C, Stinger RMP: The resistance to interference was increased again by adding more powerful digital computer components.
According to Soviet figures, in 1987–1988, only 35 aircraft and 63 helicopters were destroyed by all causes.
The 35th Parachute Artillery Regiment made an unsuccessful fire during a Libyan bombardment on 10 September 1987 and shot down a Hercules transport aircraft on 7 July 1988. The Chadian government received Stinger missiles from the United States, when Libya invaded the northern part of the African country. On 8 October 1987, a Libyan Su-22MK was shot down by a FIM-92A fired by Chadian forces.
By 1988, Kuperman states, the mujahideen had all but stopped firing them.
Another source (Jonathan Steele) states that Stingers forced Soviet helicopters and ground attack planes to bomb from higher altitudes with less accuracy, but did not bring down many more aircraft than Chinese heavy machine guns and other less sophisticated anti-aircraft weaponry. The last Stingers were supplied in 1988 after increasing reports of fighters selling them to Iran and thawing relations with Moscow.
According to the CIA, already in August 1988 the U.S.
The 35th Parachute Artillery Regiment made an unsuccessful fire during a Libyan bombardment on 10 September 1987 and shot down a Hercules transport aircraft on 7 July 1988. The Chadian government received Stinger missiles from the United States, when Libya invaded the northern part of the African country. On 8 October 1987, a Libyan Su-22MK was shot down by a FIM-92A fired by Chadian forces.
The first examples were delivered to front-line units in 1989.
After the 1989 Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, the U.S.
attempted to buy back the Stinger missiles, with a $55 million program launched in 1990 to buy back around 300 missiles (US$183,300 each).
Until 1991, some 20,000 units were produced for the U.S.
Later missiles designated D received improvements to improve their ability to defeat countermeasures, and later upgrades to the D were designated G. The FIM-92E or Block I was developed from 1992 and delivered from 1995 (certain sources state that the FIM-92D is also part of the Block I development).
During the recovery operation, a Libyan MiG-23MS was shot down by a FIM-92A. ===Tajik civil war=== Tajik Islamist opposition forces operating from Afghanistan during the 1992–97 Tajik civil war encountered a heavy air campaign launched by Russia and Uzbekistan to prop up the government in Dushanbe that included border and cross-border raids.
Until it was decommissioned in September 1993, the U.S.
Soviet, and later, Russian, accounts give little significance to the Stinger for strategically ending the war. According to the 1993 US US Air Defense Artillery Yearbook, the Mujahideen gunners used the supplied Stingers to score approximately 269 total aircraft kills in about 340 engagements, a 79-percent kill ratio.
During one of these operations, a Sukhoi Su-24M was shot down on 3 May 1993 with a Stinger fired by fundamentalists.
Later missiles designated D received improvements to improve their ability to defeat countermeasures, and later upgrades to the D were designated G. The FIM-92E or Block I was developed from 1992 and delivered from 1995 (certain sources state that the FIM-92D is also part of the Block I development).
The first deliveries began in 1995.
Block II development began in 1996 using a new focal plane array sensor to improve the missile's effectiveness in "high clutter" environments and increase the engagement range to about 25,000 feet (7,600 m).
government collected most of the Stingers it had delivered, but by 1996 around 600 were unaccounted for and some found their way into Croatia, Iran, Sri Lanka, Qatar, and North Korea.
The presence of such missiles was confirmed by photo evidence even though their actual number and origin were not clear. It is believed one Sukhoi Su-24 was shot down by a Stinger missile during the Second Chechen War. ===Sri Lankan Civil War=== The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam also managed to acquire one or several Stingers, possibly from former Mujahideen stocks, and used at least one to down a Sri Lanka Air Force Mi-24 on November 10, 1997. ===United States=== As of 2000, the U.S.
The presence of such missiles was confirmed by photo evidence even though their actual number and origin were not clear. It is believed one Sukhoi Su-24 was shot down by a Stinger missile during the Second Chechen War. ===Sri Lankan Civil War=== The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam also managed to acquire one or several Stingers, possibly from former Mujahideen stocks, and used at least one to down a Sri Lanka Air Force Mi-24 on November 10, 1997. ===United States=== As of 2000, the U.S.
A software upgrade in 2001 was designated F.
Although the missile reached the testing phase, the program was dropped in 2002 for budgetary reasons. FIM-92J, Block 1 missile upgrade to replace aging components to extend service life an additional 10 years.
Production was scheduled for 2004, but Jane's reports that this may be on hold. Since 1984 the Stinger has been issued to many U.S.
Jane's Land-Based Air Defence 2005–2006.
With the arsenal declining from obsolescence, on 10 November 2020 the U.S.
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