He left the Navy after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. In 1818, Ford Brown married Caroline Madox, of an old Kentish family.
Brown's parents had limited financial resources, and they moved to Calais to seek cheaper lodgings, where their daughter Elizabeth Coffin was born in 1819 and their son Ford Madox Brown in 1821. Brown's education was limited, as the family frequently moved between lodgings in the Pas-de-Calais and relatives in Kent, but he showed artistic talent in copying of old master prints.
Ford Madox Brown (16 April 1821 – 6 October 1893) was a British painter of moral and historical subjects, notable for his distinctively graphic and often Hogarthian version of the Pre-Raphaelite style.
Brown's parents had limited financial resources, and they moved to Calais to seek cheaper lodgings, where their daughter Elizabeth Coffin was born in 1819 and their son Ford Madox Brown in 1821. Brown's education was limited, as the family frequently moved between lodgings in the Pas-de-Calais and relatives in Kent, but he showed artistic talent in copying of old master prints.
The family moved to Bruges in 1835 so Brown could study at the academy under Albert Gregorius.
Brown moved to Ghent in 1836 to continue his studies under Pieter van Hanselaere.
He moved to Antwerp in 1837 to study under Gustaf Wappers.
He continued to study in Antwerp after his mother's death in 1839.
His sister died in 1840, and then his father in 1842. ==Works== The Tate Gallery holds an early example of Brown's work, a portrait of his father.
He first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1840, a work inspired by Lord Byron's poem The Giaour (now lost) and then completed a version of The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, with his cousin and future wife Elisabeth Bromley as one of his models.
He lived in Montmartre with his new wife and aging father in 1841.
They were married in Meopham in Kent in April 1841, shortly before his 20th birthday and less than a year after the sudden death of his sister Elizabeth.
They lived in Montmartre in 1841 with Brown's invalid father who died the following summer. Their first child died young as an infant in November 1842.
His sister died in 1840, and then his father in 1842. ==Works== The Tate Gallery holds an early example of Brown's work, a portrait of his father.
They lived in Montmartre in 1841 with Brown's invalid father who died the following summer. Their first child died young as an infant in November 1842.
He painted Manfred on the Jungfrau, inspired by Lord Byron's poem Manfred while he was in Paris. In 1843 he submitted work to the Westminster Cartoon Competition, for compositions to decorate the new Palace of Westminster.
Their daughter Emma Lucy was born in 1843 and the family moved back to England in 1844.
Their daughter Emma Lucy was born in 1843 and the family moved back to England in 1844.
He was also influenced by the works of Holbein that he saw in Basel in 1845, and by Friedrich Overbeck and Peter Cornelius, whom he met in Rome in 1845–46. Brown struggled to make his mark in the 1850s, with his paintings failing to find buyers, and he considered emigrating to India.
They travelled to Rome in 1845 to alleviate the illness of his wife, who was suffering from consumption (pulmonary tuberculosis).
She died in Paris in June 1846, aged 27, on the journey back to England from Rome. Emma Hill became a frequent model for Brown from 1848; for example, she is the wife in The Last of England.
She died in Paris in June 1846, aged 27, on the journey back to England from Rome. Emma Hill became a frequent model for Brown from 1848; for example, she is the wife in The Last of England.
He was also influenced by the works of Holbein that he saw in Basel in 1845, and by Friedrich Overbeck and Peter Cornelius, whom he met in Rome in 1845–46. Brown struggled to make his mark in the 1850s, with his paintings failing to find buyers, and he considered emigrating to India.
By the late 1850s he had lost patience with the poor reception he received at the Royal Academy and ceased to show his works there, rejecting an offer from Millais to support his becoming an associate member.
Their daughter Catherine Emily was born in 1850, and eventually they were married at St Dunstan-in-the-West in April 1853.
In 1852 he started work on two of his most significant works. One of his most famous images is The Last of England, painted from 1852 to 1855, which was sold in March 1859 for 325 Guineas (2010: £).
The husband and wife are portraits of Brown and his second wife Emma. Brown's most important painting was Work (1852–1865), begun in Hampstead in 1852 and which he showed at his retrospective exhibition in 1865.
Their daughter Catherine Emily was born in 1850, and eventually they were married at St Dunstan-in-the-West in April 1853.
In 1852 he started work on two of his most significant works. One of his most famous images is The Last of England, painted from 1852 to 1855, which was sold in March 1859 for 325 Guineas (2010: £).
Another son Arthur was born in September 1856.
Brown used Arthur as the model for the baby held by a ragged girl in the foreground of Work, but he died aged only ten months old in July 1857. His daughters Lucy and Catherine were also competent artists.
He founded the Hogarth Club in 1858, with William Morris, Edward Burne-Jones, and his former pupil Rossetti.
In 1852 he started work on two of his most significant works. One of his most famous images is The Last of England, painted from 1852 to 1855, which was sold in March 1859 for 325 Guineas (2010: £).
After a successful period of a few years, the club reached over 80 members, including several prominent members of the Royal Academy, but Brown resigned in 1860, and the club collapsed in 1861. From the 1860s, Brown also designed furniture and stained glass.
Thomas Plint advanced funds to enable Brown to complete the work, in anticipation of obtaining the finished painting, but died in 1861 before the painting had been completed.
After a successful period of a few years, the club reached over 80 members, including several prominent members of the Royal Academy, but Brown resigned in 1860, and the club collapsed in 1861. From the 1860s, Brown also designed furniture and stained glass.
He was a founder partner of William Morris's design company, Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co., in 1861, which dissolved in 1874 with Morris continuing on his own.
The husband and wife are portraits of Brown and his second wife Emma. Brown's most important painting was Work (1852–1865), begun in Hampstead in 1852 and which he showed at his retrospective exhibition in 1865.
He was a founder partner of William Morris's design company, Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co., in 1861, which dissolved in 1874 with Morris continuing on his own.
Lucy married William Michael Rossetti in 1874.
Catherine, married Francis Hueffer; through Catherine, Brown was the grandfather of novelist Ford Madox Ford and great-grandfather of Labour Home Secretary Frank Soskice. ==Death== Brown's second wife died in October 1890, and he died in Primrose Hill, north London, in 1893.
Ford Madox Brown (16 April 1821 – 6 October 1893) was a British painter of moral and historical subjects, notable for his distinctively graphic and often Hogarthian version of the Pre-Raphaelite style.
Catherine, married Francis Hueffer; through Catherine, Brown was the grandfather of novelist Ford Madox Ford and great-grandfather of Labour Home Secretary Frank Soskice. ==Death== Brown's second wife died in October 1890, and he died in Primrose Hill, north London, in 1893.
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