Under the Paris Agreement, Kazakhstan has committed to cut its greenhouse gas emissions by 15-20% by 2030 up to the level observed in 1990. In March 2017, Kazakhstan marked 25 years of its membership in the United Nations.
These countries include the OECD members, Malaysia, Monaco, the UAE and Singapore. ==United Nations== Kazakhstan became a member of the United Nations on March 2, 1992, nearly three months after gaining independence. During the General Assembly on November 12, 2012, Kazakhstan was elected to a seat on the United Nations Human Rights Council for the first time.
It will increase the flow of trade, services and investment between the parties and will contribute to Kazakhstan's political and social development. ====European countries==== ====Oceania==== ==NATO== Kazakhstan has been a member of NATO's Partnership for Peace since May 27, 1994. In October 2014 Kazakhstan and NATO marked 20 years of cooperation within the Partnership for Peace.
They formally began the organization on April 26, 1996 with the signing of the Treaty on Deepening Military Trust in Border Regions in Shanghai.
OECD Investment Committee is the leading government forum for cooperation on international investment issues. ===World Trade Organization=== Kazakhstan applied for WTO accession on January 29, 1996.
In 1998, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime estimated that a "minimum of 1,517 tons of cannabis was harvested" in Kazakhstan. With the fall of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan became a major transit country for narcotics produced in Southwest Asia, primarily from Afghanistan.
Kazakhstan has called for “intra-regional integration in Central Asia” and international integration of the region. In December 2010 Kazakhstan held the first OSCE summit since 1999. == Multilateral agreements == In 2015 Kazakhstan joined the Inter-American Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters.
No new dates have been set yet. ====European Union==== The Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA) with Kazakhstan has been the legal framework for European Union-Kazakhstan bilateral relations since it entered into force in 1999.
In 2001, Kazakh authorities reported 1,320 cases of drug trafficking and seized 18 metric tons of narcotics.
Since 2001 to 2012, Kazakhstan has doubled its tourism earnings.
Coordinated by the Foreign Ministry, Kazakhstan’s diplomatic missions also address issues of strategic interest to Kazakhstan’s business community in their receiving states. ==Border issues== Not until 2005 did Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan agree to begin demarcating their shared borders.
Kazakhstan is a member of the United Nations, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (which it chaired in 2010), North Atlantic Cooperation Council, Commonwealth of Independent States, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, and NATO's Partnership for Peace program.
Kazakhstan has called for “intra-regional integration in Central Asia” and international integration of the region. In December 2010 Kazakhstan held the first OSCE summit since 1999. == Multilateral agreements == In 2015 Kazakhstan joined the Inter-American Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters.
Since 2001 to 2012, Kazakhstan has doubled its tourism earnings.
These countries include the OECD members, Malaysia, Monaco, the UAE and Singapore. ==United Nations== Kazakhstan became a member of the United Nations on March 2, 1992, nearly three months after gaining independence. During the General Assembly on November 12, 2012, Kazakhstan was elected to a seat on the United Nations Human Rights Council for the first time.
Their seat is with the Asian Group and their term will expire in 2015. At United Nations Day 2013, Foreign Minister Erlan Idrisov addressed the UN General Assembly saying the UN should develop a regional center in Almaty.
Since then, Kazakhstan has become a very active member in global politics within the organization. At the SCO Summit in Bishkek, Kyrygyzstan on September 20, 2013, Kazakhstan met with leaders to discuss many issues.
Russia and other parts of Europe are the main markets for these drugs although drug use is growing in Kazakhstan as well. ==KazAID== In November 2014 Kazakh Foreign Minister and Resident Representative of UNDP in Kazakhstan signed a project document supporting Kazakhstan's Foreign Affairs Ministry in forming KazAID, a system of Official Development Assistance (ODA).
Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs Askar Mussinov participated in the 25th Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the African Union in Johannesburg, South Africa June 12–15. Responding to an international call to help ease the suffering that Ebola is causing in West Africa, Kazakhstan transferred $50,000 to the UN Ebola Trust Fund in late 2014.
Kazakhstan was the largest delegation among the conference's 39 observer nations. The Secretary General of the Organization of American States (OAS), José Miguel Insulza, on June 3 met with the Deputy Foreign Minister, Yerzhan Ashikbayev, in Asunción, Paraguay, for the 44th OAS General Assembly where Ashikbayev presented a contribution to help fund important OAS programs. Foreign Minister Erlan Idrissov conducted a four-day visit to Mexico on September 17–20, 2014.
A 12th round of negotiations scheduled for April 2014 has been postponed.
It will increase the flow of trade, services and investment between the parties and will contribute to Kazakhstan's political and social development. ====European countries==== ====Oceania==== ==NATO== Kazakhstan has been a member of NATO's Partnership for Peace since May 27, 1994. In October 2014 Kazakhstan and NATO marked 20 years of cooperation within the Partnership for Peace.
To that end, from October 6 to 10, 2014 a NATO delegation visited Kazakhstan to take part in a series of public diplomacy events.
Experts expect that Kazakhstan will continue to benefit from tourism from the eased visa regime. On July 15, 2014 Kazakhstan launched a pilot project of visa-free regime for 10 countries: UK, USA, Germany, France, Italy, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Malaysia, the Netherlands, South Korea and Japan.
Therefore, the total number of member states increased to eight: China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India, and Pakistan. ==Other international organizations== ===Antarctic treaty=== Kazakhstan joined the Antarctic Treaty in November 2014 being the 51st country to ratify it. Kazakhstan had shown an interest in the Antarctic before, with officials even identifying it as a potential source of drinking water for the arid steppe nation.
Kazakhstan established a customs union with Russia and Belarus, transformed into the Eurasian Economical Community then in 2015 into the Eurasian Economic Union.
Kazakhstan has called for “intra-regional integration in Central Asia” and international integration of the region. In December 2010 Kazakhstan held the first OSCE summit since 1999. == Multilateral agreements == In 2015 Kazakhstan joined the Inter-American Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters.
After that Nur-Sultan expressed its intention to provide $300,000 to the African Union's special project to fight Ebola. The 1st day of the VIII Astana Economic Forum held on May 21, 2015 was dedicated to Africa and was titled "Africa – the Next Driver of the Global Economy".
In addition to the assistance under the Development Cooperation Instrument (DCI), Kazakhstan participates in several ongoing regional programs. On January 20, 2015 Kazakhstan and the EU initialed the EU-Kazakhstan Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement.
Citizens of these countries can enter, exit and transit through Kazakhstan without a visa for visits of up to 15 calendar days at a time. On June 26, 2015 Kazakhstan issued a resolution expanding the number of countries included in a trial visa-free regime and extended that regime until December 31, 2017.
Their seat is with the Asian Group and their term will expire in 2015. At United Nations Day 2013, Foreign Minister Erlan Idrisov addressed the UN General Assembly saying the UN should develop a regional center in Almaty.
So far they and Thailand have announced their bids. In February 2015 the United Nations' specialized agency World Health Organization opened a new geographically dispersed office (GDO) for primary health care in Kazakhstan at the Kazakh National Medican University of S.Asfendiyarov in Almaty.
According to the head the Kazakh Medical University, the GDO of the WHO's European Bureau in Almaty will be financed by the UN. In July 2015 Kazakhstan was accepted to the Executive Council of the World Federation of UNESCO (WCF) Clubs at the ninth WCF World Congress, UNESCO Centres and Associations. On May 6, 2016, Kazakh Foreign Minister Erlan Idrissov spoke at two high level meetings at the U.N.
During his visit to Japan in November 2016, Nursultan Nazarbayev was awarded the title of special honorary citizen of Hiroshima for his non-proliferation efforts. ==Illicit drugs== Illegal cannabis and, to a lesser extent, opium production in Kazakhstan is an international issue since much of the crop ends up being sold in other countries, particularly in other member-states of Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).
As of 2016, Kazakhstan provided Afghanistan with 20,000 tons of food products valued at some $20 million. Kazakhstan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs with assistance of the UNDP and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) leads ODA titled "Promoting Kazakhstan’s ODA Cooperation with Afghanistan." The ODA is aimed at expanding economic independence and rights of Afghan women.
According to the head the Kazakh Medical University, the GDO of the WHO's European Bureau in Almaty will be financed by the UN. In July 2015 Kazakhstan was accepted to the Executive Council of the World Federation of UNESCO (WCF) Clubs at the ninth WCF World Congress, UNESCO Centres and Associations. On May 6, 2016, Kazakh Foreign Minister Erlan Idrissov spoke at two high level meetings at the U.N.
The Kazakh Senate ratified the Paris Agreement on October 27, 2016.
On Iran, Kazakhstan wanted to see a diplomatic solution between Iran and the P5+1 group for Iran to enrich uranium at levels for energy consumption. In November 2016, Kazakhstan chaired first ever SCO human rights consultations.
The project marks Kazakhstan’s first international cooperation for Afghanistan in the framework of national system of ODA. As of 2017, Kazakhstan provided ODA worth approximately $450 million.
Citizens of these countries can enter, exit and transit through Kazakhstan without a visa for visits of up to 15 calendar days at a time. On June 26, 2015 Kazakhstan issued a resolution expanding the number of countries included in a trial visa-free regime and extended that regime until December 31, 2017.
and the U.S. Starting from January 1, 2017, Kazakhstan introduced visa-free access for 20 developed countries.
Since the United Nations has no regional offices between Vienna and Bangkok, Almaty is home to 18 international organization's regional offices and would be vital to the development of Central Asia and its neighbors. At the 68th Assembly of the United Nations, Foreign Minister Idrisov announced Kazakhstan's bid for a non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council for 2017–2018.
Under the Paris Agreement, Kazakhstan has committed to cut its greenhouse gas emissions by 15-20% by 2030 up to the level observed in 1990. In March 2017, Kazakhstan marked 25 years of its membership in the United Nations.
During 25 years of cooperation, the UN opened 15 representative offices in Kazakhstan, including the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), among others. Nur-Sultan is a host city of the Eighth International Forum on Energy for Sustainable Development that is planned to be held in June 2017.
The Forum is co-organized through collaboration by Kazakhstan with the UN Regional Commissions, as well as UNDP, IEA, IAEA, IRENA, the World Bank, UNID, the Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency, and the Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century. ===United Nations Security Council=== Kazakhstan, along with Sweden, Bolivia and Ethiopia, were elected to serve on Security Council for a two-year term, starting from January 1, 2017.
They included nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation, fight against terrorism and extremism, promotion of peacemaking and peace-building, as well as security and development issues in the Central Asian region. President Nazarbayev's address to the UNSC was presented by the Foreign Minister of Kazakhstan at the ministerial-level open debate of the UNSC held on January 10, 2017.
The meetings were held in Beijing and aimed at further consolidation of the SCO member states cooperation in human rights. Nur-Sultan hosted the 17th Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit June 8–9, 2017.
Kazakhstan is the first Central Asian country to join the Committee. Kazakhstan joined the Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises of the OECD and became an associated participant of the OECD Investment Committee in June 2017.
Kazakhstan assumed the chairmanship of UNSC on January 1, 2018.
It was the first time a president of a Central Asian country chaired a UNSC briefing. ==Peacekeeping== On October 31, 2018, Kazakhstan deployed 120 Kazakh peacekeepers to serve with the UN mission in furthering peace in south Lebanon.
On August 20, 2020, Kazakhstan deployed a second group of 60 peacekeepers to the UNIFIL. ==Shanghai Cooperation Organisation== Kazakhstan is one of the original founding members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, known as the Shanghai Five.
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