Qatar achieved full independence from the United Kingdom on 3 September 1971.
Qatar established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, and Communist China in 1988.
Secretary of State. ==Multilateral relations== Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, the emir of Qatar from 1995 to 2013, helped establish Qatar's reputation as an influential player in Middle East politics.
On 4 May 2009, the Qatari Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Ahmad Abdullah Al Mahmud announced that Chad and Sudan had agreed to end hostilities against each other and to normalize relations during Qatari-mediated talks in Doha; however the agreement quickly broke down.
Qatar also brokered an agreement between the Sudanese government and the strongest Darfur rebel group, the Justice and Equality Movement, in Doha in February 2010.
The agreement fell apart in May 2010 and the conflict is ongoing. Qatar hosted a donors conference to help rebuild war-ravaged Darfur in April 2013. In June 2010, Qatari peacekeeping forces deployed in the disputed Ras Doumeira area on the border between Djibouti and Eritrea after the latter withdrew from the area.
Turkey, a NATO member, has always been a stabilizing factor in the region." ===Peace brokering and peacekeeping activities=== The onset of the Arab spring in January 2011 complicated Qatar's ability to mediate having forced Gulf leaders to side with revolutionaries or the longstanding autocratic regimes.
Secretary of State. ==Multilateral relations== Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, the emir of Qatar from 1995 to 2013, helped establish Qatar's reputation as an influential player in Middle East politics.
In Syria, Qatar has provided arms and funding to various opposition groups. Starting in 2013 Qatar was accused of financing Islamic extremists in Syria, a charge which has been refuted by Emir Sheikh Tamim on CNN and by Foreign Minister Khaled Al-Attiyah in an opinion piece in the British newspaper The Daily Telegraph.
The agreement fell apart in May 2010 and the conflict is ongoing. Qatar hosted a donors conference to help rebuild war-ravaged Darfur in April 2013. In June 2010, Qatari peacekeeping forces deployed in the disputed Ras Doumeira area on the border between Djibouti and Eritrea after the latter withdrew from the area.
The country has not accepted compulsory International Court of Justice jurisdiction. In September 2013, Qatar funded 70% of a US$16 million mosque to be built in Slovenia (the only mosque in that country).
It is due for completion in 2016.
This led to Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt and Bahrain cutting diplomatic ties with Qatar on 5 June 2017. Qatar voiced support for the Turkish invasion of northern Syria aimed at ousting U.S.-backed Syrian Kurds from the enclave of Afrin.
Qatar withdrew its 450 troops from the Djibouti-Eritrea border in June 2017 after the two countries severed ties with Qatar. === Cultural and religious activities === In a controversial bidding process marred by bribery and corruption scandals, Qatar was selected to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup.
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