The General Conference on Weights and Measures (French: Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures, abbreviated CGPM and sometimes referred to as the GCWM) is the supreme authority of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, the inter-governmental organization established in 1875 under the terms of the Metre Convention through which Member States act together on matters related to measurement science and measurement standards.
In 1960 the 11th CGPM approved the International System of Units, usually known as "SI". ==Establishment== On 20 May 1875 an international treaty known as the Convention du Mètre (Metre Convention) was signed by 17 states.
CGPM meetings are chaired by the Président de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris. Of the twenty countries that attended the Conference of the Metre in 1875, representatives of seventeen signed the convention on 20 May 1875.
In April 1884 HJ Chaney, Warden of Standards in London unofficially contacted the BIPM inquiring whether the BIPM would calibrate some metre standards that had been manufactured in the United Kingdom.
On 17 September 1884, the British Government signed the convention on behalf of the United Kingdom.
This number grew to 21 in 1900, 32 in 1950, and 49 in 2001.
The 25th meeting of the CGPM took place from 18 to 20 November 2014, and the 26th meeting of the CGPM took place in Versailles from 13 to 16 November 2018. Initially the Metre Convention was only concerned with the kilogram and the metre, but in 1921 the scope of the treaty was extended to accommodate all physical measurements and hence all aspects of the metric system.
This number grew to 21 in 1900, 32 in 1950, and 49 in 2001.
In 1960 the 11th CGPM approved the International System of Units, usually known as "SI". ==Establishment== On 20 May 1875 an international treaty known as the Convention du Mètre (Metre Convention) was signed by 17 states.
The report originated from a resolution passed at the 20th CGPM (October 1995) which committed the CIPM to The report identified, amongst other things, a need for closer cooperation between the BIPM and other organisations such as International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) and International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC) with clearly defined boundaries and interfaces between the organisations.
Reports produced include: ====The Blevin Report==== The Blevin Report, published in 1998, examined the state of worldwide metrology.
This number grew to 21 in 1900, 32 in 1950, and 49 in 2001.
Another major finding was the need for cooperation between accreditation laboratories and the need to involve developing countries in the world of metrology. ====The Kaarls Report==== The Kaarls Report published in 2003 examined the role of the BIPM in the evolving needs for metrology in trade, industry and society. ====SI Brochure==== The CIPM has responsibility for commissioning the SI brochure, which is the formal definition of the International system of units.
The 25th meeting of the CGPM took place from 18 to 20 November 2014, and the 26th meeting of the CGPM took place in Versailles from 13 to 16 November 2018. Initially the Metre Convention was only concerned with the kilogram and the metre, but in 1921 the scope of the treaty was extended to accommodate all physical measurements and hence all aspects of the metric system.
The 25th meeting of the CGPM took place from 18 to 20 November 2014, and the 26th meeting of the CGPM took place in Versailles from 13 to 16 November 2018. Initially the Metre Convention was only concerned with the kilogram and the metre, but in 1921 the scope of the treaty was extended to accommodate all physical measurements and hence all aspects of the metric system.
In so doing, it appoints members to the CIPM, receives reports from the CIPM which it passes on to the governments and national laboratories on member states, examines and where appropriate approves proposals from the CIPM in respect of changes to the International System of Units (SI), approves the budget for the BIPM (over €13 million in 2018) and it decides all major issues concerning the organization and development of the BIPM. The structure is analogous to that of a stock corporation.
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