Georges Braque ( , ; 13 May 1882 – 31 August 1963) was a major 20th-century French painter, collagist, draughtsman, printmaker and sculptor.
Their respective Cubist works were indistinguishable for many years, yet the quiet nature of Braque was partially eclipsed by the fame and notoriety of Picasso. ==Early life== Georges Braque was born on 13 May 1882 in Argenteuil, Val-d'Oise.
However, he also studied artistic painting during evenings at the École supérieure d'art et design Le Havre-Rouen, previously known as the École supérieure des Arts in Le Havre, from about 1897 to 1899.
However, he also studied artistic painting during evenings at the École supérieure d'art et design Le Havre-Rouen, previously known as the École supérieure des Arts in Le Havre, from about 1897 to 1899.
In Paris, he apprenticed with a decorator and was awarded his certificate in 1902.
The next year, he attended the Académie Humbert, also in Paris, and painted there until 1904.
His most important contributions to the [of art] were in his alliance with Fauvism from 1905, and the role he played in the development of Cubism.
It was here that he met Marie Laurencin and Francis Picabia. _ ==Fauvism== Braque's earliest works were impressionistic, but after seeing the work exhibited by the artistic group known as the "Fauves" (Beasts) in 1905, he adopted a Fauvist style.
In 1906, Braque traveled with Friesz to L'Estaque, to Antwerp, and home to Le Havre to paint. In May 1907, he successfully exhibited works of the Fauve style in the Salon des Indépendants.
The same year, Braque's style began a slow evolution as he became influenced by Paul Cézanne who had died in 1906 and whose works were exhibited in Paris for the first time in a large-scale, museum-like retrospective in September 1907.
In 1906, Braque traveled with Friesz to L'Estaque, to Antwerp, and home to Le Havre to paint. In May 1907, he successfully exhibited works of the Fauve style in the Salon des Indépendants.
The same year, Braque's style began a slow evolution as he became influenced by Paul Cézanne who had died in 1906 and whose works were exhibited in Paris for the first time in a large-scale, museum-like retrospective in September 1907.
The 1907 Cézanne retrospective at the Salon d'Automne greatly affected the avant-garde artists of Paris, resulting in the advent of Cubism. ==Cubism== Braque's paintings of 1908–1912 reflected his new interest in geometry and simultaneous perspective.
After meeting in October or November 1907, Braque and Picasso, in particular, began working on the development of Cubism in 1908.
"Cubism 1907-1908: An Early Eyewitness Account".
Braque's work between 1908 and 1912 is closely associated with that of his colleague Pablo Picasso.
The 1907 Cézanne retrospective at the Salon d'Automne greatly affected the avant-garde artists of Paris, resulting in the advent of Cubism. ==Cubism== Braque's paintings of 1908–1912 reflected his new interest in geometry and simultaneous perspective.
“A comparison of the works of Picasso and Braque during 1908 reveals that the effect of his encounter with Picasso was more to accelerate and intensify Braque’s exploration of Cézanne’s ideas, rather than to divert his thinking in any essential way.” Braque's essential subject is the ordinary objects he has known practically forever.
After meeting in October or November 1907, Braque and Picasso, in particular, began working on the development of Cubism in 1908.
He adopted a monochromatic and neutral color palette in the belief that such a palette would emphasize the subject matter. Although Braque began his career painting landscapes, during 1908 he, alongside Picasso, discovered the advantages of painting still lifes instead.
He showed this in the painting Houses at l'Estaque. Beginning in 1909, Braque began to work closely with Pablo Picasso who had been developing a similar proto-Cubist style of painting.
Both artists produced paintings of monochromatic color and complex patterns of faceted form, now termed Analytic Cubism. A decisive time of its development occurred during the summer of 1911, when Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso painted side by side in Céret in the French Pyrenees, each artist producing paintings that are difficult—sometimes virtually impossible—to distinguish from those of the other.
Braque's work between 1908 and 1912 is closely associated with that of his colleague Pablo Picasso.
Art historian Ernst Gombrich described Cubism as "the most radical attempt to stamp out ambiguity and to enforce one reading of the picture—that of a man-made construction, a colored canvas." The Cubist style spread quickly throughout Paris and then Europe. The two artists' productive collaboration continued and they worked closely together until the beginning of World War I in 1914, when Braque enlisted with the French Army.
In May 1915, Braque received a severe head injury in battle at Carency and suffered temporary blindness.
He was trepanned, and required a long period of recuperation. ==Later work== Braque resumed painting in late 1916.
==External links== Artcyclopedia - Links to Braque's works and information Georges Braque works at insecula.com Site du ministère de la culture et de la communication Georges Braque, L'Esprit nouveau: revue internationale d'esthétique, 1920.
Braque's early interest in still lifes revived during the 1930s. During the period between the wars, Braque exhibited a freer, more relaxed style of Cubism, intensifying his color use and a looser rendering of objects.
Braque, along with Matisse, is credited for introducing Pablo Picasso to Fernand Mourlot, and most of the lithographs and book illustrations he himself created during the 1940s and '50s were produced at the Mourlot Studios.
One example of this is his 1943 work Blue Guitar, which hangs in the Allen Memorial Art Museum.
In 1962 Braque worked with master printmaker Aldo Crommelynck to create his series of etchings and aquatints titled L’Ordre des Oiseaux (The Order of Birds), which was accompanied by the poet Saint-John Perse's text. Braque died on 31 August 1963 in Paris.
Georges Braque ( , ; 13 May 1882 – 31 August 1963) was a major 20th-century French painter, collagist, draughtsman, printmaker and sculptor.
In 1962 Braque worked with master printmaker Aldo Crommelynck to create his series of etchings and aquatints titled L’Ordre des Oiseaux (The Order of Birds), which was accompanied by the poet Saint-John Perse's text. Braque died on 31 August 1963 in Paris.
By the time of his death in 1963, he was regarded as one of the elder statesmen of the School of Paris, and of modern art. ==2010 theft== On 20 May 2010, the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris reported the overnight theft of five paintings from its collection.
By the time of his death in 1963, he was regarded as one of the elder statesmen of the School of Paris, and of modern art. ==2010 theft== On 20 May 2010, the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris reported the overnight theft of five paintings from its collection.
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