Glossary of French expressions in English

1738

From Latin criticus, from Ancient Greek κριτικός (kritikos). croissant: a crescent-shaped bread made of flaky pastry; in French also the word for crescent. cul-de-sac: originally "bottom of sack" and used in English in anatomy since 1738.

1789

The beginning of the French Revolution in 1789; used to refer to the Revolution itself and its ideals.

1800

Used for dead end (street) since 1800 in English, since 14th century in French.

1871

This treaty was abolished in 1905 (law Church-State separation) but is still in use in Alsace-Lorraine (those territories were under German administration during 1871–1918). confrère (also confrere): a colleague, an associate contre-coup: against the blow.

1890

In French, femme (pronounced 'fam') means "woman." fin de siècle: comparable to (but not exactly the same as) turn-of-the-century but with a connotation of decadence, usually applied to the period from 1890 through 1910.

1905

This treaty was abolished in 1905 (law Church-State separation) but is still in use in Alsace-Lorraine (those territories were under German administration during 1871–1918). confrère (also confrere): a colleague, an associate contre-coup: against the blow.

1910

In French, femme (pronounced 'fam') means "woman." fin de siècle: comparable to (but not exactly the same as) turn-of-the-century but with a connotation of decadence, usually applied to the period from 1890 through 1910.

1940

"black film": a genre of dark-themed movies from the 1940s and 1950s that focus on stories of crime and immorality. fils:lit.

1950

"black film": a genre of dark-themed movies from the 1940s and 1950s that focus on stories of crime and immorality. fils:lit.

In Québécois French, apéritif refers to the drink only, and hors-d'œuvre (usually plural) refers to a set of bites, while an entrée is a small dish (an entrée can be made as hors-d'œuvres, but not all of them are). la sauce est tout: "The sauce is everything!" or "The secret's in the sauce!" Tagline used in a 1950s American television commercial campaign for an American line of canned food products.

1967

"Live"; as in "Vive la France !", Vive la République !, Vive la Résistance !, Vive le Canada !, or Vive le Québec libre ! (long live free Quebec, a sovereigntist slogan famously used by French President Charles de Gaulle in 1967 in Montreal).

1992

Also the phrase the UK's then Chancellor of the Exchequer Norman Lamont chose to use to describe his feelings over the events of September 16, 1992 ('Black Wednesday'). je ne sais quoi: lit.

1996

bons mots) : well-chosen word(s), particularly a witty remark ("each bon mot which falls from his lips is analysed and filed away for posterity", The European Magazine, August 29 – September 4, 1996) bon vivant: one who enjoys the good life, an epicurean. bon voyage: lit.




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