Partly this was land that had belonged to the Crown since the 1800s, while other parts were sold or donated like the more than 10% of the island (located in the northern bush area, with some of the largest remaining kauri forests) that was gifted to the Crown by farmer Max Burrill in 1984.
Ngāti Rehua have occupied Aotea since the 17th century after conquering Aotea from people of Ngāti Manaia and Kawerau descent. ===Local industries=== ==== Mining ==== Early European interest followed discovery of copper in the remote north, where New Zealand's earliest mines were established at Miners Head in 1842.
Later, gold and silver were found in the Okupu / Whangaparapara area in the 1890s, and the remains of a stamping battery on the Whangaparapara Road are a remainder of this time.
Islanders are generally occupied in tourism, farming or service-related industries when not working off-island. ===Shipwrecks=== The remote north was the site of the sinking of the SS Wairarapa around midnight of 29 October 1894.
As a result, a Great Barrier Island pigeon post service was set up, the first message being flown on 14 May 1897.
Special postage stamps were issued from October 1898 until 1908, when a new communications cable was laid to the mainland, which made the pigeon post redundant.
Special postage stamps were issued from October 1898 until 1908, when a new communications cable was laid to the mainland, which made the pigeon post redundant.
Much of the island is covered with regenerating bush dominated by kanuka and kauri. ====Other industries==== Great Barrier Island was the site of New Zealand's last whaling station, at Whangaparapara, which opened in 1956, over a century after the whaling industry peaked in New Zealand, and closed due to depletion of whaling stocks and increasing protection of whales by 1962.
Much of the island is covered with regenerating bush dominated by kanuka and kauri. ====Other industries==== Great Barrier Island was the site of New Zealand's last whaling station, at Whangaparapara, which opened in 1956, over a century after the whaling industry peaked in New Zealand, and closed due to depletion of whaling stocks and increasing protection of whales by 1962.
For example, every transport service operated solely on the island, the Chatham Islands, or Stewart Island/Rakiura is exempt from section 70C of the Transport Act 1962, the requirements for drivers to maintain driving-hours logbooks.
The logging industry cut down large amounts of old growth, and most of the current growth is younger native forest (around 150,000 kauri seedlings were planted by the New Zealand Forest Service in the 1970s and 1980s) as well as some remaining kauri in the far north of the island.
The logging industry cut down large amounts of old growth, and most of the current growth is younger native forest (around 150,000 kauri seedlings were planted by the New Zealand Forest Service in the 1970s and 1980s) as well as some remaining kauri in the far north of the island.
Partly this was land that had belonged to the Crown since the 1800s, while other parts were sold or donated like the more than 10% of the island (located in the northern bush area, with some of the largest remaining kauri forests) that was gifted to the Crown by farmer Max Burrill in 1984.
norvegicus), deer or (since 2006) feral goats, thus being a relative haven for native bird and plant populations.
At the time, it was the third International Dark Sky Sanctuary to be designated, and the first island sanctuary. ==Population== The statistical area of Barrier Islands, which includes Little Barrier Island although that has no permanent inhabitants, had a population of 930 at the 2018 New Zealand census, a decrease of 3 people (-0.3%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 63 people (7.3%) since the 2006 census.
Diesel generators, which used to be the main power source, are now mostly used as back-up. From the end of February 2007, the island was seen around the world as the setting for the BBC One reality show Castaway, which was filmed there for three months. ==Transport== There are two airfields, Great Barrier Aerodrome at Claris and Okiwi Airfield.
The sound of the battery working was reputedly audible from the Coromandel Peninsula, 20 km away. In early 2010, a government proposal to remove 705 ha of land on the Te Ahumatā Plateau (called "White Cliffs" by the locals) from Schedule 4 of the Crown Minerals Act, which gives protection from the mining of public land, was widely criticised.
In 2013, it was inhabited by 939 people, mostly living from farming and tourism and all living off-the-grid.
At the time, it was the third International Dark Sky Sanctuary to be designated, and the first island sanctuary. ==Population== The statistical area of Barrier Islands, which includes Little Barrier Island although that has no permanent inhabitants, had a population of 930 at the 2018 New Zealand census, a decrease of 3 people (-0.3%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 63 people (7.3%) since the 2006 census.
In 2017 the island was given Dark Sky Sanctuary status by the IDA.
At the time, it was the third International Dark Sky Sanctuary to be designated, and the first island sanctuary. ==Population== The statistical area of Barrier Islands, which includes Little Barrier Island although that has no permanent inhabitants, had a population of 930 at the 2018 New Zealand census, a decrease of 3 people (-0.3%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 63 people (7.3%) since the 2006 census.
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