The English term Guinea comes directly from the Portuguese word Guiné, which emerged in the mid-15th century to refer to the lands inhabited by the Guineus, a generic term for the black African peoples south of the Senegal River, in contrast to the "tawny" Zenaga Berbers above it, whom they called Azenegues or Moors. ==History== The land that is now Guinea belonged to a series of African empires until France colonized it in the 1890s, and made it part of French West Africa.
Guinea declared its independence from France on 2 October 1958.
From independence until the presidential election of 2010, Guinea was governed by a number of autocratic rulers. For the origin of the name "Guinea" see . ===West African empires and kingdoms in Guinea=== What is now Guinea was on the fringes of the major West African empires.
In 2011, the United States government claimed that torture by security forces, and abuse of women and children (e.g.
The country was at the core of the 2014 Ebola outbreak.
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