In 1727, the first French commander, M.
They imported African slaves to fill the labor demands replacing the indigenous Caribs. In 1761, during the Seven Years' War a British expedition against Dominica led by Lord Rollo was successful and the island was conquered along with several other Caribbean islands.
Dominica was a French colony from 1715 until the end of the Seven Years' War in 1763, and then became a British colony from 1763 to 1978.
French invasions in 1795 and 1805 ended in failure. ==British colony: 1763–1978== As part of the 1763 Treaty of Paris that ended the Seven Years' War, the island became a British possession.
The 1805 invasion burned much of Roseau to the ground. In 1763, the British established a legislative assembly, representing only the white population.
In 1778, during the American Revolutionary War, the French mounted a successful invasion with the active cooperation of the population.
In 1778, during the American War of Independence, the French mounted a successful invasion with the active cooperation of the population, which was largely French.
The 1783 Treaty of Paris, which ended the war, returned the island to Britain.
French invasions in 1795 and 1805 ended in failure. ==British colony: 1763–1978== As part of the 1763 Treaty of Paris that ended the Seven Years' War, the island became a British possession.
French invasions in 1795 and 1805 ended in failure.
French invasions in 1795 and 1805 ended in failure. ==British colony: 1763–1978== As part of the 1763 Treaty of Paris that ended the Seven Years' War, the island became a British possession.
French invasions in 1795 and 1805 ended in failure.
The 1805 invasion burned much of Roseau to the ground. In 1763, the British established a legislative assembly, representing only the white population.
In 1831, reflecting a liberalization of official British racial attitudes, the Brown Privilege Bill conferred political and social rights on free nonwhites.
The abolition of slavery in 1834 enabled Dominica by 1838 to become the only British Caribbean colony to have a Black-controlled legislature in the 19th century.
The abolition of slavery in 1834 enabled Dominica by 1838 to become the only British Caribbean colony to have a Black-controlled legislature in the 19th century.
Reacting to a perceived threat, the planters lobbied for more direct British rule. In 1865, after much agitation and tension, the colonial office replaced the elective assembly with one composed of one-half elected members and one-half appointed.
In 1871, Dominica became part of the Leeward Island Federation.
Crown Colony government was re-established in 1896. Following World War I, an upsurge of political consciousness throughout the Caribbean led to the formation of the representative government association.
Marshaling public frustration with the lack of a voice in the governing of Dominica, this group won one-third of the popularly elected seats of the legislative assembly in 1924 and one-half in 1936.
Marshaling public frustration with the lack of a voice in the governing of Dominica, this group won one-third of the popularly elected seats of the legislative assembly in 1924 and one-half in 1936.
Shortly thereafter, Dominica was transferred from the Leeward Island Administration and was governed as part of the Windwards until 1958, when it joined the short-lived West Indies Federation. In 1961, a Dominica Labor Party government led by Edward Oliver LeBlanc was elected.
Shortly thereafter, Dominica was transferred from the Leeward Island Administration and was governed as part of the Windwards until 1958, when it joined the short-lived West Indies Federation. In 1961, a Dominica Labor Party government led by Edward Oliver LeBlanc was elected.
After the federation dissolved, Dominica became an associated state of the United Kingdom on February 27, 1967 and formally took responsibility for its internal affairs.
LeBlanc retired in 1974 and was replaced by Patrick John who became the islands' first Prime Minister. ==Independence: 1978 to present day== On November 3, 1978, the Commonwealth of Dominica was granted independence by the United Kingdom. In August 1979, Hurricane David, packing winds of , struck the island with devastating force.
Dominica was a French colony from 1715 until the end of the Seven Years' War in 1763, and then became a British colony from 1763 to 1978.
It became an independent nation in 1978. ==Pre-colonial== The Arawak were guided to Dominica, and other islands of the Caribbean, by the South Equatorial Current from the waters of the Orinoco River.
LeBlanc retired in 1974 and was replaced by Patrick John who became the islands' first Prime Minister. ==Independence: 1978 to present day== On November 3, 1978, the Commonwealth of Dominica was granted independence by the United Kingdom. In August 1979, Hurricane David, packing winds of , struck the island with devastating force.
LeBlanc retired in 1974 and was replaced by Patrick John who became the islands' first Prime Minister. ==Independence: 1978 to present day== On November 3, 1978, the Commonwealth of Dominica was granted independence by the United Kingdom. In August 1979, Hurricane David, packing winds of , struck the island with devastating force.
Within a year of her inauguration she survived two unsuccessful coups and in October 1983, as chairperson of the Organisation of East Caribbean States, endorsed the US Invasion of Grenada. Chronic economic problems were compounded by the severe impact of hurricanes in 1979 and in 1980.
It was replaced after the 1980 elections by a government led by the Dominica Freedom Party under Prime Minister Eugenia Charles, the Caribbean's first female prime minister.
Within a year of her inauguration she survived two unsuccessful coups and in October 1983, as chairperson of the Organisation of East Caribbean States, endorsed the US Invasion of Grenada. Chronic economic problems were compounded by the severe impact of hurricanes in 1979 and in 1980.
By the end of the 1980s, the economy had made a healthy recovery, which weakened in the 1990s due to a decrease in banana prices. In 1995 the government was defeated in elections by the United Workers Party of Edison James.
Within a year of her inauguration she survived two unsuccessful coups and in October 1983, as chairperson of the Organisation of East Caribbean States, endorsed the US Invasion of Grenada. Chronic economic problems were compounded by the severe impact of hurricanes in 1979 and in 1980.
By the end of the 1980s, the economy had made a healthy recovery, which weakened in the 1990s due to a decrease in banana prices. In 1995 the government was defeated in elections by the United Workers Party of Edison James.
By the end of the 1980s, the economy had made a healthy recovery, which weakened in the 1990s due to a decrease in banana prices. In 1995 the government was defeated in elections by the United Workers Party of Edison James.
James became prime minister, serving until the February 2000 elections, when the Dominica United Workers Party (DUWP) was defeated by the Dominica Labour Party (DLP), led by Rosie Douglas.
Douglas died suddenly after only eight months in office, on October 1, 2000, and was replaced by Pierre Charles, also of the DLP.
In 2003, Nicholas Liverpool was elected and sworn in as president, succeeding Vernon Shaw.
On January 6, 2004, Prime Minister Pierre Charles, who had been suffering from heart problems since 2003, died.
On January 6, 2004, Prime Minister Pierre Charles, who had been suffering from heart problems since 2003, died.
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