The IPN investigates Nazi and communist crimes committed between 1917 and 1990, documents its findings, and disseminates them to the public. The institute was established by the Polish Parliament on 18 December 1998 and incorporated the earlier, 1991-established Main Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (which had replaced a 1945-established body on Nazi crimes).
IPN collects, organises and archives all documents about the Polish communist security apparatus active from 22 July 1944 to 31 December 1989. Following the election of the Law and Justice party, the government formulated in 2016 a new IPN law.
The IPN investigates Nazi and communist crimes committed between 1917 and 1990, documents its findings, and disseminates them to the public. The institute was established by the Polish Parliament on 18 December 1998 and incorporated the earlier, 1991-established Main Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (which had replaced a 1945-established body on Nazi crimes).
The book's premise was that in the 1970s the Solidarity leader and later President of Poland Lech Wałęsa was a secret informant of the Polish communist Security Service. ==Criticism== According to , common criticisms of the IPN include: its dominance in the Polish research field, which is guaranteed by a budget that far supersedes that of any similar academic institution; the "thematic monotony...
IPN collects, organises and archives all documents about the Polish communist security apparatus active from 22 July 1944 to 31 December 1989. Following the election of the Law and Justice party, the government formulated in 2016 a new IPN law.
The IPN investigates Nazi and communist crimes committed between 1917 and 1990, documents its findings, and disseminates them to the public. The institute was established by the Polish Parliament on 18 December 1998 and incorporated the earlier, 1991-established Main Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (which had replaced a 1945-established body on Nazi crimes).
The IPN investigates Nazi and communist crimes committed between 1917 and 1990, documents its findings, and disseminates them to the public. The institute was established by the Polish Parliament on 18 December 1998 and incorporated the earlier, 1991-established Main Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (which had replaced a 1945-established body on Nazi crimes).
The IPN investigates Nazi and communist crimes committed between 1917 and 1990, documents its findings, and disseminates them to the public. The institute was established by the Polish Parliament on 18 December 1998 and incorporated the earlier, 1991-established Main Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (which had replaced a 1945-established body on Nazi crimes).
By the same law, the institution's mission statement was changed to include "protecting the reputation of the Republic of Poland and the Polish Nation". ==Organisation== IPN was created by special legislation on 18 December 1998.
o Instytucie Pamięci Narodowej – Komisji Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu) old Act of 18 December 1998 on the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation
Kurtyka widened archive access to the public, and shifted focus from compensating victims to researching collaboration. Franciszek Gryciuk In 1999, historian Franciszek Gryciuk was appointed to the Collegium of the IPN, which he chaired 2003–2004.
It began its activities on 1 July 2000.
Following 2016 legislation in the PiS controlled parliament, the former pluralist Collegium was replaced with a nine-member Collegium composed of PiS supporters, and the Sejm appoints the director after consulting with the College without an election between candidates. ==== Leon Kieres ==== The first director of the IPN was Leon Kieres, elected by the Sejm for five years on 8 June 2000 (term 30 June 2000 – 29 December 2005).
This vaguely defined role allowed Paweł Machcewicz, BEP's director in 2000, freedom to create a wide range of activities. Researchers at the IPN conduct not only research, but are required to take part in public outreach.
He dismissed Krzysztof Persak, co-author of the 2002 two-volume IPN study on the Jedwabne pogrom.
Kurtyka widened archive access to the public, and shifted focus from compensating victims to researching collaboration. Franciszek Gryciuk In 1999, historian Franciszek Gryciuk was appointed to the Collegium of the IPN, which he chaired 2003–2004.
Following 2016 legislation in the PiS controlled parliament, the former pluralist Collegium was replaced with a nine-member Collegium composed of PiS supporters, and the Sejm appoints the director after consulting with the College without an election between candidates. ==== Leon Kieres ==== The first director of the IPN was Leon Kieres, elected by the Sejm for five years on 8 June 2000 (term 30 June 2000 – 29 December 2005).
Gross, proved to be a lifeline for the IPN as Polish president Aleksander Kwaśniewski intervened to save the IPN since he deemed the IPN's research to be important as part of Jewish-Polish reconciliation and "apology diplomacy". ==== Janusz Kurtyka ==== The second director was Janusz Kurtyka, elected on 9 December 2005 with a term that started 29 December 2005 until his death in the Smolensk airplane crash on 10 April 2010.
Following the election of a Law and Justice government in 2005, in a series of legislative amendments during 2006 and the beginning of 2007 file access and lustration powers were radically expanded.
Przewoźnik was cleared of the accusations only after he had lost the election. In 2006, the IPN opened a "Lustration Bureau" that increased the director's power.
Following the election of a Law and Justice government in 2005, in a series of legislative amendments during 2006 and the beginning of 2007 file access and lustration powers were radically expanded.
However, several articles of the 2006-7 amendments were judged unconstitutional by Poland's Constitutional Court on 11 May 2007.
Following the election of a Law and Justice government in 2005, in a series of legislative amendments during 2006 and the beginning of 2007 file access and lustration powers were radically expanded.
However, several articles of the 2006-7 amendments were judged unconstitutional by Poland's Constitutional Court on 11 May 2007.
From June 2008 to June 2011, he was Vice President of the IPN.
The list gained much attention in Polish media and politics, and IPN security procedures and handling of the matter came under criticism. In 2008 two IPN employees, Sławomir Cenckiewicz and Piotr Gontarczyk, published a book, SB a Lech Wałęsa.
Gross, proved to be a lifeline for the IPN as Polish president Aleksander Kwaśniewski intervened to save the IPN since he deemed the IPN's research to be important as part of Jewish-Polish reconciliation and "apology diplomacy". ==== Janusz Kurtyka ==== The second director was Janusz Kurtyka, elected on 9 December 2005 with a term that started 29 December 2005 until his death in the Smolensk airplane crash on 10 April 2010.
He was acting director 2010–2011, between the death of the IPN's second President, Janusz Kurtyka, in the 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash and the election of Łukasz Kamiński by the Polish Parliament as the third director. ==== Łukasz Kamiński ==== Łukasz Kamiński, was elected by the Sejm in 2011 following the death of his predecessor.
From June 2008 to June 2011, he was Vice President of the IPN.
He was acting director 2010–2011, between the death of the IPN's second President, Janusz Kurtyka, in the 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash and the election of Łukasz Kamiński by the Polish Parliament as the third director. ==== Łukasz Kamiński ==== Łukasz Kamiński, was elected by the Sejm in 2011 following the death of his predecessor.
IPN collects, organises and archives all documents about the Polish communist security apparatus active from 22 July 1944 to 31 December 1989. Following the election of the Law and Justice party, the government formulated in 2016 a new IPN law.
The 2016 law stipulated that the IPN should oppose publications of false information that dishonors or harms the Polish nation.
Prior to 2016, the election of the director was a complex procedure, which involves the selection of a panel of candidates by the IPN Collegium (members appointed by the Polish Parliament and judiciary).
Following 2016 legislation in the PiS controlled parliament, the former pluralist Collegium was replaced with a nine-member Collegium composed of PiS supporters, and the Sejm appoints the director after consulting with the College without an election between candidates. ==== Leon Kieres ==== The first director of the IPN was Leon Kieres, elected by the Sejm for five years on 8 June 2000 (term 30 June 2000 – 29 December 2005).
In response, Kamiński implemented several changes, including organizing public debates with outside historians to counter the charge of isolationism and has suggested refocusing on victims as opposed to agents. ==== Jarosław Szarek ==== On 22 July 2016 Jarosław Szarek was appointed to head IPN.
The institute has also eleven branches in others cities and seven delegation offices in additional towns. In 2018, the institution's mission statement was amended to include "protecting the reputation of the Republic of Poland and the Polish Nation".
The new law also removed the influence of academia and the judiciary on the IPN. A 2018 amendment to the law, added article 55a that attempts to defend the "good name" of Poland.
Since 2020, the headquarters of Institute of National Remembrance is located at Postępu 18 Street in Warsaw.
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