Gopsill has suggested that Interlingua's freedom from irregularities allowed the students to grasp the mechanisms of Romance languages quickly. == History == The American heiress Alice Vanderbilt Morris (1874–1950) became interested in linguistics and the international auxiliary language movement in the early 1920s, and in 1924, Morris and her husband, Dave Hennen Morris, established the non-profit International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA) in New York City.
Gopsill has suggested that Interlingua's freedom from irregularities allowed the students to grasp the mechanisms of Romance languages quickly. == History == The American heiress Alice Vanderbilt Morris (1874–1950) became interested in linguistics and the international auxiliary language movement in the early 1920s, and in 1924, Morris and her husband, Dave Hennen Morris, established the non-profit International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA) in New York City.
Numerous studies by Sapir, Collinson, and Morris Swadesh in the 1930s and 1940s, for example, were funded by IALA.
With a "concession rule" that required participants to make a certain number of concessions, early debates at IALA sometimes grew from heated to explosive. At the Second International Interlanguage Congress, held in Geneva in 1931, IALA began to break new ground; 27 recognized linguists signed a testimonial of support for IALA's research program.
An additional eight added their signatures at the third congress, convened in Rome in 1933.
Interlingua (; ISO 639 language codes ia, ina) is an Italic international auxiliary language (IAL), developed between 1937 and 1951 by the International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA).
Thorndike became influential in IALA's work by authoring key studies in the interlinguistic field. The first steps towards the finalization of Interlingua were taken in 1937, when a committee of 24 eminent linguists from 19 universities published Some Criteria for an International Language and Commentary.
By 1937, the members had made the decision to create a new language, to the surprise of the world's interlanguage community. To that point, much of the debate had been equivocal on the decision to use naturalistic (e.g., Peano's Interlingua, Novial and Occidental) or systematic (e.g., Esperanto and Ido) words.
However, the outbreak of World War II in 1939 cut short the intended biannual meetings of the committee. ===Development of a new language=== Originally, the association had not intended to create its own language.
Numerous studies by Sapir, Collinson, and Morris Swadesh in the 1930s and 1940s, for example, were funded by IALA.
Stillman, with the assistance of Alexander Gode, developed a prototyping technique – an objective methodology for selecting and standardizing vocabulary based on a comparison of control languages. In 1943 Stillman left for war work and Gode became Acting Director of Research.
IALA began to develop models of the proposed language, the first of which were presented in Morris's General Report in 1945. From 1946 to 1948, French linguist André Martinet was Director of Research.
IALA, New York: 1945. Pei, Mario.
IALA began to develop models of the proposed language, the first of which were presented in Morris's General Report in 1945. From 1946 to 1948, French linguist André Martinet was Director of Research.
IALA began to develop models of the proposed language, the first of which were presented in Morris's General Report in 1945. From 1946 to 1948, French linguist André Martinet was Director of Research.
IALA decided on a compromise between P and M, with certain elements of C. Martinet took up a position at Columbia University in 1948, and Gode took on the last phase of Interlingua's development.
Science Service, the publisher of Science Newsletter at the time, published a monthly column in Interlingua from the early 1950s until Gode's death in 1970.
The former Occidentalist Ric Berger founded The Union Mundial pro Interlingua (UMI) in 1955, and by the late 1950s, interest in Interlingua in Europe had already begun to overtake that in North America. Beginning in the 1980s, UMI has held international conferences every two years (typical attendance at the earlier meetings was 50 to 100) and launched a publishing programme that eventually produced over 100 volumes.
Accessed 17 August 2006. ==External links== Collection of links to Interlingua resources International auxiliary languages Constructed languages Fusional languages Constructed languages introduced in the 1950s 1951 introductions Romance languages
Interlingua (; ISO 639 language codes ia, ina) is an Italic international auxiliary language (IAL), developed between 1937 and 1951 by the International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA).
The vocabulary and grammar of Interlingua were first presented in 1951, when IALA published the finalized Interlingua Grammar and the 27,000-word Interlingua–English Dictionary (IED).
Accordingly, the very name "Interlingua" was kept, yet a distinct abbreviation was adopted: IA instead of IL. ===Success, decline, and resurgence=== An early practical application of Interlingua was the scientific newsletter Spectroscopia Molecular, published from 1952 to 1980.
In 1967, the International Organization for Standardization, which normalizes terminology, voted almost unanimously to adopt Interlingua as the basis for its dictionaries. The IALA closed its doors in 1953 but was not formally dissolved until 1956 or later.
In 1954, IALA published an introductory manual entitled Interlingua a Prime Vista ("Interlingua at First Sight"). Interlingua as presented by the IALA is very close to Peano's Interlingua (Latino sine flexione), both in its grammar and especially in its vocabulary.
In 1954, Interlingua was used at the Second World Cardiological Congress in Washington, D.C.
The former Occidentalist Ric Berger founded The Union Mundial pro Interlingua (UMI) in 1955, and by the late 1950s, interest in Interlingua in Europe had already begun to overtake that in North America. Beginning in the 1980s, UMI has held international conferences every two years (typical attendance at the earlier meetings was 50 to 100) and launched a publishing programme that eventually produced over 100 volumes.
In 1967, the International Organization for Standardization, which normalizes terminology, voted almost unanimously to adopt Interlingua as the basis for its dictionaries. The IALA closed its doors in 1953 but was not formally dissolved until 1956 or later.
Devin-Adair, New York; 1958. Union Mundial pro Interlingua (UMI).
In 1967, the International Organization for Standardization, which normalizes terminology, voted almost unanimously to adopt Interlingua as the basis for its dictionaries. The IALA closed its doors in 1953 but was not formally dissolved until 1956 or later.
Between the mid-1950s and the late 1970s, some thirty scientific and especially medical journals provided article summaries in Interlingua.
Science Service, the publisher of Science Newsletter at the time, published a monthly column in Interlingua from the early 1950s until Gode's death in 1970.
A successor organization, the Interlingua Institute, was founded in 1970 to promote Interlingua in the US and Canada.
In East Germany, government officials confiscated the letters and magazines that the UMI sent to Walter Rädler, the Interlingua representative there. In Czechoslovakia, Július Tomin published his first article on Interlingua in the Slovak magazine Príroda a spoločnosť (Nature and Society) in 1971, after which he received several anonymous threatening letters.
A 1974 study showed that an Interlingua class could translate a Spanish text that students who had taken 150 hours of Spanish found too difficult to understand.
One of its largest achievements was two immense volumes on phytopathology produced by the American Phytopathological Society in 1976 and 1977. Interlingua had attracted many former adherents of other international-language projects, notably Occidental and Ido.
One of its largest achievements was two immense volumes on phytopathology produced by the American Phytopathological Society in 1976 and 1977. Interlingua had attracted many former adherents of other international-language projects, notably Occidental and Ido.
Accordingly, the very name "Interlingua" was kept, yet a distinct abbreviation was adopted: IA instead of IL. ===Success, decline, and resurgence=== An early practical application of Interlingua was the scientific newsletter Spectroscopia Molecular, published from 1952 to 1980.
The former Occidentalist Ric Berger founded The Union Mundial pro Interlingua (UMI) in 1955, and by the late 1950s, interest in Interlingua in Europe had already begun to overtake that in North America. Beginning in the 1980s, UMI has held international conferences every two years (typical attendance at the earlier meetings was 50 to 100) and launched a publishing programme that eventually produced over 100 volumes.
Other Interlingua-language works were published by university presses in Sweden and Italy, and in the 1990s, Brazil and Switzerland.
Routledge, London & New York: 1999. Gopsill, F.P.
Interlingua 2001: communication sin frontieras durante 50 annos (in Interlingua).
(In Interlingua.) Accessed 28 May 2005. International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA).
Accessed 17 August 2006. ==External links== Collection of links to Interlingua resources International auxiliary languages Constructed languages Fusional languages Constructed languages introduced in the 1950s 1951 introductions Romance languages
All text is taken from Wikipedia. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License .
Page generated on 2021-08-05