The corps was instituted in 1814 by King Victor Emmanuel I of Savoy with the aim of providing the Kingdom of Sardinia with a police corps; it is therefore older than Italy itself.
According to article 78, the Parliament has the authority to declare a state of war and vest the necessary powers in the Government. ==Organization== The office of the Chief of Defence is organised as follows: ==The four branches of Italian Armed Forces== ===Esercito Italiano=== The ground force of Italy, the Regio Esercito dates back to the unification of Italy in the 1850s and 1860s.
According to article 78, the Parliament has the authority to declare a state of war and vest the necessary powers in the Government. ==Organization== The office of the Chief of Defence is organised as follows: ==The four branches of Italian Armed Forces== ===Esercito Italiano=== The ground force of Italy, the Regio Esercito dates back to the unification of Italy in the 1850s and 1860s.
On 29 July 2004 it became a professional all-volunteer force when conscription was finally ended. ===Marina Militare=== The navy of Italy was created in 1861, following the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, as the Regia Marina.
The Italian unification saw the number of divisions increased, and in 1861 the Carabinieri were appointed the "First Force" of the new national military organization.
The Guardia Costiera (Coast Guard) is a component of the navy. ===Aeronautica Militare=== The air force of Italy was founded as an independent service arm on 28 March 1923, by King Vittorio Emanuele III as the Regia Aeronautica (which equates to "Royal Air Force").
During the 1930s, it was involved in its first military operations in Ethiopia in 1935, and later in the Spanish Civil War between 1936 and 1939.
During the 1930s, it was involved in its first military operations in Ethiopia in 1935, and later in the Spanish Civil War between 1936 and 1939.
During the 1930s, it was involved in its first military operations in Ethiopia in 1935, and later in the Spanish Civil War between 1936 and 1939.
During the 1930s, it was involved in its first military operations in Ethiopia in 1935, and later in the Spanish Civil War between 1936 and 1939.
After the armistice of 8 September 1943, Italy was divided into two sides, and the same fate befell the Regia Aeronautica.
Italy also participated in the 1990–91 Gulf War, with the deployment of eight Panavia Tornado IDS bomber jets; Italian Army troops were subsequently deployed to assist Kurdish refugees in northern Iraq following the conflict. As part of Operation Enduring Freedom, Italy contributed to the international operation in Afghanistan.
Italian forces also command a multinational engineer task force and have deployed a platoon of Carabinieri military police. The Italian Army did not take part in combat operations of the 2003 Iraq War, dispatching troops only when major combat operations were declared over by the U.S.
Subsequently, Italian troops arrived in the late summer of 2003, and began patrolling Nasiriyah and the surrounding area.
On 29 July 2004 it became a professional all-volunteer force when conscription was finally ended. ===Marina Militare=== The navy of Italy was created in 1861, following the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, as the Regia Marina.
Italy played a major role in the 2004-2011 NATO Training Mission to assist in the development of Iraqi security forces training structures and institutions. ===Operations=== Since the second post-war the Italian armed force has become more and more engaged in international peace support operations, mainly under the auspices of the United Nations.
Italian participation in the military operations in Iraq was concluded by the end of 2006, with full withdrawal of Italian military personnel except for a small group of about 30 soldiers engaged in providing security for the Italian embassy in Baghdad.
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