Eritrea and Somalia, Italian possessions since the 1880s, were enlarged with captured Ethiopian territory and became the Eritrea and Somalia Governorates.
Occupied Eritrea became an autonomous part of Ethiopia in 1952, gaining full independence in 1993. ==History== === Conquest of Ethiopia === Historians are still divided about the reasons for the Italian attack on Ethiopia in 1935.
It was formed in 1936 through the merger of Italian Somalia, Italian Eritrea, and the newly occupied Ethiopian Empire, conquered in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. Italian East Africa was divided into six governorates.
Fascist colonial policy had a divide and conquer characteristic and favored the Somali and Tigrayan peoples in order to weaken the Amhara people who had been the ruling ethnic group in the Ethiopian Empire. During the Second World War, Italian East Africa was occupied by a British-led force including colonial units and Ethiopian guerrillas in November 1941.
In 1950, occupied Somalia became the United Nations Trust Territory of Somaliland, administered by Italy from 1950 until its independence in 1960.
Occupied Eritrea became an autonomous part of Ethiopia in 1952, gaining full independence in 1993. ==History== === Conquest of Ethiopia === Historians are still divided about the reasons for the Italian attack on Ethiopia in 1935.
In 1950, occupied Somalia became the United Nations Trust Territory of Somaliland, administered by Italy from 1950 until its independence in 1960.
Occupied Eritrea became an autonomous part of Ethiopia in 1952, gaining full independence in 1993. ==History== === Conquest of Ethiopia === Historians are still divided about the reasons for the Italian attack on Ethiopia in 1935.
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