The first European to set foot in present-day Kansas was the Spanish conquistador Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, who explored the area in 1541. Between 1763 and 1803 the territory of Kansas was integrated into Spanish Louisiana.
The first European to set foot in present-day Kansas was the Spanish conquistador Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, who explored the area in 1541. Between 1763 and 1803 the territory of Kansas was integrated into Spanish Louisiana.
The governor Luis de Unzaga 'le Conciliateur', during that period, promoted expeditions and good relations with the Amerindians peoples, among the explorers were Antoine de Marigny and others who continued trading across the Kansas River, especially at its confluence with the Missouri River, tributaries of the Mississippi River. In 1803, most of modern Kansas was acquired by the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase.
From 1812 to 1821, Kansas was part of the Missouri Territory.
From 1812 to 1821, Kansas was part of the Missouri Territory.
The Santa Fe Trail traversed Kansas from 1821 to 1880, transporting manufactured goods from Missouri and silver and furs from Santa Fe, New Mexico.
Tribes in the western part of the state were semi-nomadic and hunted large herds of bison. Kansas was first settled by Americans in 1827 with the establishment of Fort Leavenworth.
Wagon ruts from the trail are still visible in the prairie today. In 1827, Fort Leavenworth became the first permanent settlement of white Americans in the future state.
Southwest Kansas, however, was still a part of Spain, Mexico, and the Republic of Texas until the conclusion of the Mexican–American War in 1848, when these lands were ceded to the United States.
The pace of settlement accelerated in the 1850s, in the midst of political wars over the slavery debate.
government in 1854 with the Kansas–Nebraska Act, abolitionist Free-Staters from New England and pro-slavery settlers from neighboring Missouri rushed to the territory to determine whether Kansas would become a free state or a slave state.
The Kansas–Nebraska Act became law on May 30, 1854, establishing Nebraska Territory and Kansas Territory, and opening the area to broader settlement by whites.
Historic Leavenworth, founded in 1854, was the first incorporated city in Kansas.
Among cities with at least one thousand residents, Mission Hills has the highest median income in the state. Several institutions of higher education are located in Northeast Kansas including Baker University (the oldest university in the state, founded in 1858 and affiliated with the United Methodist Church) in Baldwin City, Benedictine College (sponsored by St.
The abolitionists prevailed, and on January 29, 1861, Kansas entered the Union as a free state, hence the unofficial nickname "The Free State". By 2015, Kansas was one of the most productive agricultural states, producing high yields of wheat, corn, sorghum, and soybeans.
Directly presaging the American Civil War these forces collided, entering into skirmishes and guerrilla conflicts that dubbed the territory the nickname Bleeding Kansas. Kansas was admitted to the Union as a free state on January 29, 1861, making it the 34th state to join the United States.
Along with the restored fort, historic Fort Scott has a national cemetery designated by President Lincoln in 1862. ====Central and North-Central Kansas==== Salina is the largest city in central and north-central Kansas.
By that time, the violence in Kansas had largely subsided, but during the Civil War, on August 21, 1863, William Quantrill led several hundred men on a raid into Lawrence, destroying much of the city and killing nearly 200 people.
A short distance away, the city of Manhattan is home to Kansas State University, the second-largest public university in the state and the nation's oldest land-grant university, dating back to 1863.
Leaving southern states in the late 1870s because of increasing discrimination, they became known as Exodusters. At the same time, the Chisholm Trail was opened and the Wild West-era commenced in Kansas.
The Santa Fe Trail traversed Kansas from 1821 to 1880, transporting manufactured goods from Missouri and silver and furs from Santa Fe, New Mexico.
In one year alone, eight million head of cattle from Texas boarded trains in Dodge City bound for the East, earning Dodge the nickname "Queen of the Cowtowns". In response to demands of Methodists and other evangelical Protestants, in 1881 Kansas became the first U.S.
The Sports Car Club of America has its national headquarters in Topeka. =====History===== The history of professional sports in Kansas probably dates from the establishment of the minor league baseball Topeka Capitals and Leavenworth Soldiers in 1886 in the Western League.
The African-American Bud Fowler played on the Topeka team that season, one year before the "color line" descended on professional baseball. In 1887, the Western League was dominated by a reorganized Topeka team called the Golden Giants: a high-priced collection of major leaguer players, including Bug Holliday, Jim Conway, Dan Stearns, Perry Werden and Jimmy Macullar, which won the league by 15½ games.
On April 10, 1887, the Golden Giants also won an exhibition game from the defending World Series champions, the St.
The neighboring city of Frontenac in 1888 was the site of the worst mine disaster in the state in which an underground explosion killed 47 miners.
South of the campus, Aggieville dates back to 1889 and is the state's oldest shopping district of its kind. ====Wichita==== In south-central Kansas, the Wichita metropolitan area is home to more than 600,000 people.
The school also fielded a football team from 1897 to 1986.
Though the Patee family had been involved in vaudeville, they believed films could carry the evening without other variety acts, but in order to show the films it was necessary for the Patee's to establish a generating plant (back in 1903 Lawrence was not yet fully electrified).
Furthermore, these storms can even bring in flash flooding and damaging straight line winds. According to NOAA, the all-time highest temperature recorded in Kansas is () on July 24, 1936, near Alton in Osborne County, and the all-time low is on February 13, 1905, near Lebanon in Smith County.
The Plaza Cinema in Ottawa, Kansas, located in the northeastern portion of the state, was built on May 22, 1907, and it is listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest operating cinema in the world.
Kansas also permitted women's suffrage in 1912, almost a decade before the federal constitution was amended to require it.
Constitution in 1920. The council–manager government model was adopted by many larger Kansas cities in the years following World War I while many American cities were being run by political machines or organized crime, notably the Pendergast Machine in neighboring Kansas City, Missouri.
They also were retroactively awarded national championships by the Helms Foundation for 1922 and 1923.
They also were retroactively awarded national championships by the Helms Foundation for 1922 and 1923.
In 1926, The Jayhawk Theatre, an art-deco movie house in Topeka opened its doors for the first time to movie going audiences, and today, in addition to screenings of independent films, the theatre acts as a venue for plays and concerts.
The Fox Theater in Hutchinson was built in 1930, and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
However, Topeka was unable to support the team, and it disbanded after one year. The first night game in the history of professional baseball was played in Independence on April 28, 1930 when the Muscogee (Oklahoma) Indians beat the Independence Producers 13–3 in a minor league game sanctioned by the Western League of the Western Baseball Association with 1,500 fans attending the game.
Since Roosevelt carried Kansas in 1932 and 1936, only one Democrat has won Kansas's electoral votes, Lyndon B.
Senate since the 1932 election, when Franklin D.
Another song, the official state march adopted by the Kansas Legislature in 1935 is called The Kansas March, which features the lyrics, "Blue sky above us, silken strands of heat, Rim of the far horizon, where earth and heaven meet, Kansas as a temple, stands in velvet sod, Shrine which the sunshine, sanctifies to God." ===Literature=== The state's most famous appearance in literature was as the home of Dorothy Gale, the main character in the novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900).
Laura Ingalls Wilder's Little House on the Prairie, published in 1935, is another well-known tale about Kansas. Kansas was also the setting of the 1965 best-seller In Cold Blood, described by its author Truman Capote as a "nonfiction novel".
Furthermore, these storms can even bring in flash flooding and damaging straight line winds. According to NOAA, the all-time highest temperature recorded in Kansas is () on July 24, 1936, near Alton in Osborne County, and the all-time low is on February 13, 1905, near Lebanon in Smith County.
Since Roosevelt carried Kansas in 1932 and 1936, only one Democrat has won Kansas's electoral votes, Lyndon B.
Kansas was the adult home of two losing Republican candidates (Governor Alf Landon in 1936 and Senator Bob Dole in 1996). The New York Times reported in September 2014 that as the Democratic candidate for Senator has tried to drop out of the race, independent Greg Orman has attracted enough bipartisan support to seriously challenge the reelection bid of Republican Pat Roberts: Kansas politics have been roiled in recent years.
Also Keystone City is a Kansas city where The Flash works and lives. The science fiction novella A Boy and His Dog, as well as the film based on it, take place in post-apocalyptic Topeka. The winner of the 2011 Newbery Medal for excellence in children's literature, Moon Over Manifest, tells the story of a young and adventurous girl named Abilene who is sent to the fictional town of Manifest, Kansas, by her father in the summer of 1936.
Although the sale of cereal malt beverage (also known as 3.2 beer) was legalized in 1937, the first post-Prohibition legalization of alcoholic liquor did not occur until the state's constitution was amended in 1948.
Like the other theaters listed here, The Fox still plays first run movies to this day. As was the case with the novel, Dorothy Gale (portrayed by Judy Garland) in the 1939 fantasy film The Wizard of Oz was a young girl who lived in Kansas with her aunt and uncle.
Dewey in 1940 and 1944, respectively.
K-State also had a long stretch of success on the hardwood, lasting from the 1940s to the 1980s, making four Final Fours during that stretch.
Dewey in 1940 and 1944, respectively.
state to adopt a constitutional amendment prohibiting all alcoholic beverages, which was repealed in 1948. ==Geography== Kansas is bordered by Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west.
Kansas also supported Dewey in 1948 despite the presence of incumbent president Harry S.
Although the sale of cereal malt beverage (also known as 3.2 beer) was legalized in 1937, the first post-Prohibition legalization of alcoholic liquor did not occur until the state's constitution was amended in 1948.
The Jayhawks have won five national titles, including NCAA tournament championships in 1952, 1988, and 2008.
Board of Education of Topeka, a 1954 Supreme Court decision that banned racially segregated schools throughout the U.S. The state backed Republicans Wendell Willkie and Thomas E.
Benedict's College (now Benedictine College), in Atchison, won the 1954 and 1967 Men's NAIA Basketball Championships. The Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference has its roots as one of the oldest college sport conferences in existence and participates in the NAIA and all ten member schools are in the state of Kansas.
The city of Udall was the site of the deadliest tornado in Kansas on May 25, 1955; it killed 80 people in and near the city.
The first section of Interstate in the nation was opened on Interstate 70 (I-70) just west of Topeka on November 14, 1956. I-70 is a major east–west route connecting to Denver, Colorado and Kansas City, Missouri.
Mixing fact and fiction, the book chronicles the events and aftermath of the 1959 murder of a wealthy farmer and his family who lived in the small West Kansas town of Holcomb in Finney County. The fictional town of Smallville, Kansas is the childhood home of Clark Kent/Superman in American comic books published by DC Comics.
Overland Park, a young city incorporated in 1960, has the largest population and the largest land area in the county.
Johnson in 1964. In 2008, Governor Kathleen Sebelius vetoed permits for the construction of new coal-fired energy plants in Kansas, saying: "We know that greenhouse gases contribute to climate change.
Laura Ingalls Wilder's Little House on the Prairie, published in 1935, is another well-known tale about Kansas. Kansas was also the setting of the 1965 best-seller In Cold Blood, described by its author Truman Capote as a "nonfiction novel".
In men's basketball, they appeared in the Final Four in 1965 and 2013, and entered the 2014 NCAA tournament unbeaten.
The line, "We're not in Kansas anymore", has entered into the English lexicon as a phrase describing a wholly new and/or unexpected situation. The 1967 feature film In Cold Blood, like the book on which it was based, was set in various locations across Kansas.
Benedict's College (now Benedictine College), in Atchison, won the 1954 and 1967 Men's NAIA Basketball Championships. The Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference has its roots as one of the oldest college sport conferences in existence and participates in the NAIA and all ten member schools are in the state of Kansas.
The Shocker football team is tragically known for a plane crash in 1970 that killed 31 people, including 14 players. =====NCAA Division II schools===== Notable success has also been achieved by the state's smaller schools in football.
(Superboy grew up in Smallville.) The 2012 film Looper is set in Kansas. The 1973 film Paper Moon in which Tatum O'Neal won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress (The youngest to win an Academy Award) was based in and filmed in Kansas.
From 1973 to 1997 the flagship radio station for the Royals was WIBW in Topeka. Some Kansans, mostly from the westernmost parts of the state, support the professional sports teams of Denver, particularly the Denver Broncos of the NFL. Two major auto racing facilities are located in Kansas.
K-State also had a long stretch of success on the hardwood, lasting from the 1940s to the 1980s, making four Final Fours during that stretch.
Liquor-by-the-drink did not become legal until passage of an amendment to the state's constitution in 1986 and additional legislation the following year.
The school also fielded a football team from 1897 to 1986.
The Gorillas, in 96 seasons of intercollegiate competition, have accumulated 579 victories, posting a 579–301–48 overall mark. Washburn University, in Topeka, won the NAIA Men's Basketball Championship in 1987.
The Jayhawks have won five national titles, including NCAA tournament championships in 1952, 1988, and 2008.
In 1988, KU and K-State met in the Elite Eight, KU taking the game 71–58.
Until 1989, the Meades Ranch Triangulation Station in Osborne County was the geodetic center of North America: the central reference point for all maps of North America.
The Fox Theater in Hutchinson was built in 1930, and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
And when Bill Snyder arrived to coach at K-State in 1989, he turned the Wildcats from one of the worst college football programs in America, into a national force for most of the 1990s and early 2000s.
In baseball, the Shockers won the College World Series in 1989.
If there had been no change in sales tax rates or in the economy, the total sales tax collections for 2003 would have been $1,797 million, compared to $805.3 million in 1990.
The 1990s brought the defeat of prominent Democrats, including Dan Glickman, and the Kansas State Board of Education's 1999 decision to eliminate evolution from the state teaching standards, a decision that was later reversed.
And when Bill Snyder arrived to coach at K-State in 1989, he turned the Wildcats from one of the worst college football programs in America, into a national force for most of the 1990s and early 2000s.
As a percentage of personal income, it was at 3.8%—above the median value of 2.5% for all rated states and having risen from a value of less than 1% in 1992.
Pittsburg State became the winningest NCAA Division II football program in 1995.
PSU passed Hillsdale College at the top of the all-time victories list in the 1995 season on its march to the national runner-up finish.
Kansas was the adult home of two losing Republican candidates (Governor Alf Landon in 1936 and Senator Bob Dole in 1996). The New York Times reported in September 2014 that as the Democratic candidate for Senator has tried to drop out of the race, independent Greg Orman has attracted enough bipartisan support to seriously challenge the reelection bid of Republican Pat Roberts: Kansas politics have been roiled in recent years.
Various shooting locations include the Midland Hotel at Wilson; the railway depot at Gorham; storefronts and buildings on Main Street in White Cloud; Hays; sites on both sides of the Missouri River; Rulo Bridge; and Saint Joseph, Missouri. Scenes of the 1996 film Mars Attacks! took place in the fictional town of Perkinsville.
The Fort Hays State University men won the 1996 NCAA Division II title with a 34–0 record, and the Washburn women won the 2005 NCAA Division II crown.
From 1973 to 1997 the flagship radio station for the Royals was WIBW in Topeka. Some Kansans, mostly from the westernmost parts of the state, support the professional sports teams of Denver, particularly the Denver Broncos of the NFL. Two major auto racing facilities are located in Kansas.
The team won the Fiesta Bowl in 1997, achieved an undefeated (11–0) regular season and No.1 ranking in 1998, and took the Big 12 Conference championship in 2003.
Average monthly production was over . ===Taxes=== Tax is collected by the Kansas Department of Revenue. Revenue shortfalls resulting from lower than expected tax collections and slower growth in personal income following a 1998 permanent tax reduction have contributed to the substantial growth in the state's debt level as bonded debt increased from $1.16 billion in 1998 to $3.83 billion in 2006.
The team won the Fiesta Bowl in 1997, achieved an undefeated (11–0) regular season and No.1 ranking in 1998, and took the Big 12 Conference championship in 2003.
Since oil prices bottomed in 1999, oil production in Kansas has remained fairly constant, with an average monthly rate of about in 2004.
Some increase in debt was expected as the state continues with its 10-year Comprehensive Transportation Program enacted in 1999. In 2003, Kansas had three income brackets for income tax calculation, ranging from 3.5% to 6.45%. The state sales tax in Kansas is 6.15%.
The 1990s brought the defeat of prominent Democrats, including Dan Glickman, and the Kansas State Board of Education's 1999 decision to eliminate evolution from the state teaching standards, a decision that was later reversed.
The state's public colleges and universities are supervised by the Kansas Board of Regents. Twice since 1999 the Board of Education has approved changes in the state science curriculum standards that encouraged the teaching of intelligent design.
Many African Americans in Kansas are descended from the Exodusters, newly freed blacks who fled the South for land in Kansas following the Civil War. As of 2011, 35.0% of Kansas's population younger than one year of age belonged to minority groups (i.e., did not have two parents of non-Hispanic white ancestry). ===Language=== English is the most-spoken language in Kansas, with 91.3% of the population speaking only English at home as of the year 2000.
The population of Goddard has grown by more than 11% per year since 2000.
And when Bill Snyder arrived to coach at K-State in 1989, he turned the Wildcats from one of the worst college football programs in America, into a national force for most of the 1990s and early 2000s.
Except during the 2001 recession (March–November 2001), when monthly sales tax collections were flat, collections have trended higher as the economy has grown and two rate increases have been enacted.
It is a common misconception that Kansas is the flattest state in the nation—in 2003, a tongue-in-cheek study famously declared the state "flatter than a pancake".
Some increase in debt was expected as the state continues with its 10-year Comprehensive Transportation Program enacted in 1999. In 2003, Kansas had three income brackets for income tax calculation, ranging from 3.5% to 6.45%. The state sales tax in Kansas is 6.15%.
If there had been no change in sales tax rates or in the economy, the total sales tax collections for 2003 would have been $1,797 million, compared to $805.3 million in 1990.
The team won the Fiesta Bowl in 1997, achieved an undefeated (11–0) regular season and No.1 ranking in 1998, and took the Big 12 Conference championship in 2003.
Since oil prices bottomed in 1999, oil production in Kansas has remained fairly constant, with an average monthly rate of about in 2004.
In 2004, slower declines in the Hugoton gas fields and increased coalbed methane production contributed to a smaller overall decline.
All sales tax collected is remitted to the state department of revenue, and local taxes are then distributed to the various taxing agencies. As of June 2004, Moody's Investors Service ranked the state 14th for net tax-supported debt per capita.
This is because of the high number of counties and county seats (105) and their intertwining. In January 2004, the Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) announced the new Kansas 511 traveler information service.
Kansas's path to a solid Republican state has been examined by historian Thomas Frank in his 2004 book What's the Matter with Kansas?. Kansas has a history of many firsts in legislative initiatives—it was the first state to institute a system of workers' compensation (1910) and to regulate the securities industry (1911).
This taxing scheme, known as "Streamlined Sales Tax" was adopted on October 1, 2005, under the governorship of Kathleen Sebelius.
In 2005, voters accepted a constitutional amendment to ban same-sex marriage.
The Fort Hays State University men won the 1996 NCAA Division II title with a 34–0 record, and the Washburn women won the 2005 NCAA Division II crown.
In 2006, the city was ranked as the sixth best place to live in America; the neighboring city of Olathe was 13th. Olathe is the county seat and home to Johnson County Executive Airport.
Average monthly production was over . ===Taxes=== Tax is collected by the Kansas Department of Revenue. Revenue shortfalls resulting from lower than expected tax collections and slower growth in personal income following a 1998 permanent tax reduction have contributed to the substantial growth in the state's debt level as bonded debt increased from $1.16 billion in 1998 to $3.83 billion in 2006.
As of November 2006, Kansas still has 29 dry counties and only 17 counties have passed liquor-by-the-drink with no food sales requirement.
Scenes taking place in Kansas were filmed in Burns, Lawrence, and Wichita. The 2007 film The Lookout is set mostly in Kansas (although filmed in Canada).
Johnson in 1964. In 2008, Governor Kathleen Sebelius vetoed permits for the construction of new coal-fired energy plants in Kansas, saying: "We know that greenhouse gases contribute to climate change.
Senator Sam Brownback was a candidate for the Republican party nomination for president in 2008.
The 2008 election brought similar results as John McCain won the state with 57% of the votes.
The Jayhawks have won five national titles, including NCAA tournament championships in 1952, 1988, and 2008.
After a 12-year absence, the Wildcats returned to the NCAA tournament in 2008, and advanced to the Elite Eight in 2010 and 2018.
The Jayhawks won the Orange Bowl for the first time in three tries in 2008, capping a 12–1 season, the best in school history.
Telephone company Embarq formerly had its national headquarters in Overland Park before its acquisition by CenturyTel in 2009, and still employs several hundred people in Gardner. Kansas is also home to three major military installations: Fort Leavenworth (Army), Fort Riley (Army), and McConnell Air Force Base (Air Force).
Therefore, reducing pollutants benefits our state not only in the short term—but also for generations of Kansans to come." However, shortly after Mark Parkinson became governor in 2009 upon Sebelius's resignation to become Secretary of U.S.
After three seasons in which K-State football languished, Snyder came out of retirement in 2009 and guided them to the top of the college football ranks again, finishing second in the Big 12 in 2011 and earning a berth in the Cotton Bowl, and winning the Big 12 again in 2012. Wichita State University, which also fields teams (called the Shockers) in Division I of the NCAA, is best known for its baseball and basketball programs.
Alton and Lebanon are approximately apart. Kansas's record high of ties with North Dakota for the fifth-highest record high in an American state, behind California (), Arizona (), Nevada (), and New Mexico (). ==Demographics== The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Kansas was 2,913,314 on July 1, 2019, a 2.11% increase since the 2010 United States Census and an increase of 58,387, or 2.05%, since 2010.
5.5% speak Spanish, 0.7% speak German, and 0.4% speak Vietnamese. ===Religion=== The 2014 Pew Religious Landscape Survey showed the religious makeup of adults in Kansas was as follows: Christian 76% :Protestant 57% ::Evangelical Protestant 31% ::Mainline Protestant 24 % ::Black Protestant 2% :Catholic 18% :Mormon 1% :Jehovah's Witness 1% Non-Christian faiths 4% :Jewish **Growth rate 2010–2017‡Defined as a micropolitan area |} Kansas has 627 incorporated cities.
The state has a statutory requirement to maintain cash reserves of at least 7.5% of expenses at the end of each fiscal year; however, lawmakers can vote to override the rule, and did so during the most recent budget agreement. During his campaign for the 2010 election, Governor Sam Brownback called for a complete "phase out of Kansas's income tax".
The state general fund debt load was $83 million in fiscal year 2010 and by fiscal year 2017 the debt load sat at $179 million.
Department of Health & Human Services, Parkinson announced a compromise plan to allow construction of a coal-fired plant. In 2010, Sam Brownback was elected governor with 63 percent of the state vote.
Brownback was not a candidate for re-election to a third full term in 2010, but he was elected Governor in that year's general election.
Moran defeated Tiahrt for the Republican nomination for Brownback's seat in the August 2010 primary, then won a landslide general election victory over Democrat Lisa Johnston. The only non-Republican presidential candidates Kansas has given its electoral vote to are Populist James Weaver and Democrats Woodrow Wilson, Franklin Roosevelt (twice), and Lyndon Johnson.
After a 12-year absence, the Wildcats returned to the NCAA tournament in 2008, and advanced to the Elite Eight in 2010 and 2018.
In 2010 the team won the NCAA Division II National Championship.
Many African Americans in Kansas are descended from the Exodusters, newly freed blacks who fled the South for land in Kansas following the Civil War. As of 2011, 35.0% of Kansas's population younger than one year of age belonged to minority groups (i.e., did not have two parents of non-Hispanic white ancestry). ===Language=== English is the most-spoken language in Kansas, with 91.3% of the population speaking only English at home as of the year 2000.
He was sworn in as governor in 2011, Kansas's first Republican governor in eight years.
In May 2011, much to the opposition of art leaders and enthusiasts in the state, Brownback eliminated the Kansas Arts Commission, making Kansas the first state without an arts agency.
In July 2011, Brownback announced plans to close the Lawrence branch of the Kansas Department of Social and Rehabilitation Services as a cost-saving measure.
Also Keystone City is a Kansas city where The Flash works and lives. The science fiction novella A Boy and His Dog, as well as the film based on it, take place in post-apocalyptic Topeka. The winner of the 2011 Newbery Medal for excellence in children's literature, Moon Over Manifest, tells the story of a young and adventurous girl named Abilene who is sent to the fictional town of Manifest, Kansas, by her father in the summer of 1936.
In 2011 the team moved to their new home, a $165m soccer specific stadium now known as Children's Mercy Park. Historically, Kansans have supported the major league sports teams of Kansas City, Missouri, including the Kansas City Royals (MLB), and the Kansas City Chiefs (NFL), in part because the home stadiums for these teams are a few miles from the Kansas border.
After three seasons in which K-State football languished, Snyder came out of retirement in 2009 and guided them to the top of the college football ranks again, finishing second in the Big 12 in 2011 and earning a berth in the Cotton Bowl, and winning the Big 12 again in 2012. Wichita State University, which also fields teams (called the Shockers) in Division I of the NCAA, is best known for its baseball and basketball programs.
Pittsburg State University, an NCAA Division II participant, has claimed four national titles in football, two in the NAIA and most recently the 2011 NCAA Division II national title.
Boeing ended a decades-long history of manufacturing in Kansas between 2012 and 2013. Major companies headquartered in Kansas include the Sprint Corporation (with world headquarters in Overland Park), YRC Worldwide (Overland Park), Garmin (Olathe), Payless Shoes (national headquarters and major distribution facilities in Topeka), and Koch Industries (with national headquarters in Wichita), and Coleman (headquarters in Wichita) .
In May 2012, Governor Brownback signed into law the Kansas Senate Bill Substitute HB 2117.
(Superboy grew up in Smallville.) The 2012 film Looper is set in Kansas. The 1973 film Paper Moon in which Tatum O'Neal won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress (The youngest to win an Academy Award) was based in and filmed in Kansas.
After three seasons in which K-State football languished, Snyder came out of retirement in 2009 and guided them to the top of the college football ranks again, finishing second in the Big 12 in 2011 and earning a berth in the Cotton Bowl, and winning the Big 12 again in 2012. Wichita State University, which also fields teams (called the Shockers) in Division I of the NCAA, is best known for its baseball and basketball programs.
Boeing ended a decades-long history of manufacturing in Kansas between 2012 and 2013. Major companies headquartered in Kansas include the Sprint Corporation (with world headquarters in Overland Park), YRC Worldwide (Overland Park), Garmin (Olathe), Payless Shoes (national headquarters and major distribution facilities in Topeka), and Koch Industries (with national headquarters in Wichita), and Coleman (headquarters in Wichita) .
Starting in 2013, the "ambitious tax overhaul" trimmed income tax, eliminated some corporate taxes, and created pass-through income tax exemptions, he raised the sales tax by one percent to offset the loss to state revenues but that was inadequate.
From 2013 to 2017, 300,000 businesses were considered to be pass-through income entities and benefited from the tax exemption.
Brownback vetoed the bill but "45 GOP legislators had voted in favor of the increase, while 40 voted to uphold the governor's veto." On June 6, 2017 a coalition of Democrats and newly elected Republicans overrode [Brownback's] veto and implemented tax increases to a level close to what it was before 2013.
FC Kansas City, a charter member of the National Women's Soccer League, played the 2013 season, the first for both the team and the league, on the Kansas side of the metropolitan area, but played on the Missouri side until folding after the 2017 season.
In men's basketball, they appeared in the Final Four in 1965 and 2013, and entered the 2014 NCAA tournament unbeaten.
5.5% speak Spanish, 0.7% speak German, and 0.4% speak Vietnamese. ===Religion=== The 2014 Pew Religious Landscape Survey showed the religious makeup of adults in Kansas was as follows: Christian 76% :Protestant 57% ::Evangelical Protestant 31% ::Mainline Protestant 24 % ::Black Protestant 2% :Catholic 18% :Mormon 1% :Jehovah's Witness 1% Non-Christian faiths 4% :Jewish **Growth rate 2010–2017‡Defined as a micropolitan area |} Kansas has 627 incorporated cities.
Kansas was the adult home of two losing Republican candidates (Governor Alf Landon in 1936 and Senator Bob Dole in 1996). The New York Times reported in September 2014 that as the Democratic candidate for Senator has tried to drop out of the race, independent Greg Orman has attracted enough bipartisan support to seriously challenge the reelection bid of Republican Pat Roberts: Kansas politics have been roiled in recent years.
In men's basketball, they appeared in the Final Four in 1965 and 2013, and entered the 2014 NCAA tournament unbeaten.
The abolitionists prevailed, and on January 29, 1861, Kansas entered the Union as a free state, hence the unofficial nickname "The Free State". By 2015, Kansas was one of the most productive agricultural states, producing high yields of wheat, corn, sorghum, and soybeans.
In 2015, the job growth rate in was .8%, among the lowest rate in America with only "10,900 total nonfarm jobs" added that year.
According to the Kansas Department of Labor's 2016 report, the average annual wage was $42,930 in 2015.
According to the Kansas Department of Labor's 2016 report, the average annual wage was $42,930 in 2015.
As of April 2016, the state's unemployment rate was 4.2%. The State of Kansas had a $350 million budget shortfall in February 2017.
The average farm in the state is about 770 acres (more than a square mile), and in 2016, the average cost of running the farm was $300,000. By far, the most significant agricultural crop in the state is wheat.
During 2016, farmers of conventionally grown wheat farmed 8.2 million acres and harvested an average of 57 bushels of wheat per acre. The industrial outputs are transportation equipment, commercial and private aircraft, food processing, publishing, chemical products, machinery, apparel, petroleum, and mining. The state's economy is also heavily influenced by the aerospace industry.
In 2016, Governor Brownback earned the title of "most unpopular governor in America".
In the summer of 2016 S&P Global Ratings downgraded Kansas's credit rating.
As of April 2016, the state's unemployment rate was 4.2%. The State of Kansas had a $350 million budget shortfall in February 2017.
In February 2017, S&P downgraded Kansas's credit rating to AA-. Nearly 90% of Kansas's land is devoted to agriculture.
The tax cut led to years of budget shortfalls, culminating in a $350 million budget shortfall in February 2017.
From 2013 to 2017, 300,000 businesses were considered to be pass-through income entities and benefited from the tax exemption.
The state general fund debt load was $83 million in fiscal year 2010 and by fiscal year 2017 the debt load sat at $179 million.
In February 2017, S&P lowered it to AA-. In February 2017, a bi-partisan coalition presented a bill that would repeal the pass-through income exemption, the "most important provisions of Brownback's overhaul", and raise taxes to make up for the budget shortfall.
Brownback vetoed the bill but "45 GOP legislators had voted in favor of the increase, while 40 voted to uphold the governor's veto." On June 6, 2017 a coalition of Democrats and newly elected Republicans overrode [Brownback's] veto and implemented tax increases to a level close to what it was before 2013.
Brownback's tax overhaul was described in a June 2017 article in The Atlantic as the United States' "most aggressive experiment in conservative economic policy".
FC Kansas City, a charter member of the National Women's Soccer League, played the 2013 season, the first for both the team and the league, on the Kansas side of the metropolitan area, but played on the Missouri side until folding after the 2017 season.
As of 2018, there were 59,600 farms in Kansas, 86 (0.14%) of which are certified organic farms.
Lawrence City Commission later voted to provide the funding needed to keep the branch open. Democrat Laura Kelly defeated former Secretary of State of Kansas Kris Kobach in the 2018 election for Governor with 48.0% of the vote. ===National politics=== The state's current delegation to the Congress of the United States includes Republican Senators Jerry Moran of Manhattan, and Roger Marshall of Great Bend.
After a 12-year absence, the Wildcats returned to the NCAA tournament in 2008, and advanced to the Elite Eight in 2010 and 2018.
Alton and Lebanon are approximately apart. Kansas's record high of ties with North Dakota for the fifth-highest record high in an American state, behind California (), Arizona (), Nevada (), and New Mexico (). ==Demographics== The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Kansas was 2,913,314 on July 1, 2019, a 2.11% increase since the 2010 United States Census and an increase of 58,387, or 2.05%, since 2010.
Many of those airfields live on today as municipal airports. ===Energy=== Kansas has vast renewable resources and is a top producer of wind energy in the US, with an installed capacity of about 6,100 Megawatts (MW) from nearly 3,200 wind turbines in 2019.
Kansas, which has an area of is the 15th-largest state by area and is the 34th most-populous of the 50 states with a population of 2,940,865 according to the 2020 census.
An additional 700 MW of capacity was scheduled to come online during 2020.
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