Kaohsiung Harbor was also developed starting from 1894.
His son, Zheng Jing, renamed the village Banlian-chiu () in 1664. The name of "Takau" was restored in the late 1670s, when the town expanded drastically with immigrants from mainland China, and was kept through Taiwan's cession to the Japanese Empire in 1895.
It was first opened as a port during the 1680s and subsequently prospered fairly for generations. ===Japanese rule=== In 1895, Taiwan was ceded to Japan as part of the Treaty of Shimonoseki.
In November 1901, twenty chō were established in total; was established nearby.
In his 1903 general history of Taiwan, US Consul to Formosa James W.
In 1909, Hōzan Chō was abolished, and Takow was merged into Tainan Chō. In 1920, during the tenure of 8th Governor-General Den Kenjirō, districts were abolished in favor of prefectures.
In 1920, the name was changed to and administered the area under Takao Prefecture.
In 1909, Hōzan Chō was abolished, and Takow was merged into Tainan Chō. In 1920, during the tenure of 8th Governor-General Den Kenjirō, districts were abolished in favor of prefectures.
Forming a north–south regional economic corridor from Taipei to Kaohsiung in the 1930s, Japan's Southward Policy set Kaohsiung to become an industrial center.
Some of the elderly who grew up during the Japanese colonization of Taiwan can communicate in Japanese, while most of the younger population has basic English skills. Since the spread of Standard Chinese after the Nationalist Government retreated to Taiwan in 1949, Hakka Chinese and various Formosan languages are gradually no longer spoken with the new generation and many Formosan languages are therefore classified as moribund or endangered languages by the United Nations.
Kaohsiung City then consisted of 10 districts, which were Gushan, Lianya (renamed "Lingya" in 1952), Nanzih, Cianjin, Cianjhen, Cijin, Sanmin, Sinsing, Yancheng, and Zuoying. During this time, Kaohsiung developed rapidly.
Kaohsiung also surpassed Tainan to become the second largest city of Taiwan in the late 1970s and Kaohsiung City was upgraded from a provincial city to special municipality on 1 July 1979, by the Executive Yuan with a total of 11 districts.
Designated an export-processing zone in the late 1970s, Kaohsiung also attracted foreign investment to process locally purchased raw materials for export. The ongoing Nansing Project is a plan to reclaim of land along the coast by 2011.
Kaohsiung also surpassed Tainan to become the second largest city of Taiwan in the late 1970s and Kaohsiung City was upgraded from a provincial city to special municipality on 1 July 1979, by the Executive Yuan with a total of 11 districts.
The additional district is Siaogang District, which was annexed from Siaogang Township of Kaohsiung County. The Kaohsiung Incident, where the government suppressed a commemoration of International Human Rights Day, occurred on 10 December 1979.
The city government has protected various sites and monuments from further damage and many have been opened to the public since the early 1980s.
With the arrival of European-style supermarkets in the 1980s and 1990s, such markets have encountered fierce competition.
During the 1980s, another few thousand Muslims from Myanmar and Thailand, whom are mostly descendants of Nationalist soldiers who fled Yunnan as a result of the communist takeover, migrated to Taiwan in search of a better life, resulting in an increase of Muslim population within the country.
According to recent records, the average temperature of the city has risen around 1 degree Celsius over the past 3 decades, from about in 1983 to around by 2012. ===Cityscape=== ==Demographics== As of December 2018, Kaohsiung city has a population of 2,773,533 people, making it the third-largest city after New Taipei and Taichung, and a population density of 939.59 people per square kilometer.
In 1989, the global leader in hypermarkets, Carrefour, entered Asia, opening its first store in Kaohsiung.
With the arrival of European-style supermarkets in the 1980s and 1990s, such markets have encountered fierce competition.
While northern Taiwan leans towards the Pan-Blue Coalition in the state-level elections, southern Taiwan, including Kaohsiung, leaned towards the Pan-Green Coalition since the late 1990s.
Jean-Luc Chéreau, the general manager in Taiwan from 1993 to 1999, used this newfound understanding of Chinese culture and ways of doing business with Chinese customers to lead its China expansion starting in 1999.
Jean-Luc Chéreau, the general manager in Taiwan from 1993 to 1999, used this newfound understanding of Chinese culture and ways of doing business with Chinese customers to lead its China expansion starting in 1999.
Hsieh resigned from the office of mayor to take up the office of Premier of the Republic of China in 2005.
The municipal election, held on 9 December 2006, resulted in a victory for the Democratic Progressive Party's candidate Chen Chu, the first elected female mayor of special municipality in Taiwan, defeating her Kuomintang rival and former deputy mayor, Huang Chun-ying.
In 2007 the port reached its handling capacity with a record trade volume of .
As a result, plans for runway expansion or building a new airport in replacement have been proposed. ===Rapid transit=== Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit opened for service in March 2008.
National Stadium is Taiwan's largest international-class stadium with a maximum capacity of 55,000 seats. Kaohsiung hosted the 2009 World Games at the National Stadium.
Nearly 6,000 athletes, officials, coaches, referees and others from 103 countries participated in the 2009 Kaohsiung World Games. Kaohsiung was also home to the Kaohsiung Truth of the ASEAN Basketball League.
Since then, Kaohsiung gradually grew into a political center of the Pan-Green population of Taiwan, in opposition to Taipei where the majority population is Kuomintang supporters. On 25 December 2010, Kaohsiung City merged with Kaohsiung County to form a larger special municipality with administrative centers in Lingya District and Fongshan District. On 31 July 2014, a series of gas explosions occurred in the Cianjhen and Lingya Districts of the city, killing 31 and injuring more than 300.
The main indigenous groups in the city include the Bunun, Rukai, Saaroa and the Kanakanavu. ====Other ethnicities==== As of December 2010, Kaohsiung hosts around 21,000 foreign spouses.
Designated an export-processing zone in the late 1970s, Kaohsiung also attracted foreign investment to process locally purchased raw materials for export. The ongoing Nansing Project is a plan to reclaim of land along the coast by 2011.
The MRT is made up of two lines with 37 stations covering a distance of . Notably, two of Kaohsiung's MRT stations, Formosa Boulevard Station and Central Park Station, were ranked among the top 50 most beautiful subway systems in the world by Metrobits.org in 2011.
According to recent records, the average temperature of the city has risen around 1 degree Celsius over the past 3 decades, from about in 1983 to around by 2012. ===Cityscape=== ==Demographics== As of December 2018, Kaohsiung city has a population of 2,773,533 people, making it the third-largest city after New Taipei and Taichung, and a population density of 939.59 people per square kilometer.
In 2012, the two stations respectively are ranked as the 2nd and the 4th among the top 15 most beautiful subway stops in the world by BootsnAll. ====Circular Light Rail==== The Circular Light Rail Line (also known as the Kaohsiung LRT, Kaohsiung Tram) for Kaohsiung City is a planned light rail line.
Around 12,353 are Mainland Chinese, 4,244 are Vietnamese, around 800 are Japanese and Indonesians and around 4,000 are other Asians or foreigners from Europe or America. As of April 2013, Kaohsiung hosts 35,074 foreign workers who mainly work as factory workers or foreign maids (not including foreign specialists such as teachers and other professionals).
A new container terminal is under construction, increasing future handling capacity by by 2013. Kaohsiung is one of the biggest ports in the world for importing shark fins, sold at high prices in the restaurants and shops of Taiwan and China.
Construction of Phase 1, known as the Waterside Light Rail began in June 2013 and is in full operation since September 2017.
Since then, Kaohsiung gradually grew into a political center of the Pan-Green population of Taiwan, in opposition to Taipei where the majority population is Kuomintang supporters. On 25 December 2010, Kaohsiung City merged with Kaohsiung County to form a larger special municipality with administrative centers in Lingya District and Fongshan District. On 31 July 2014, a series of gas explosions occurred in the Cianjhen and Lingya Districts of the city, killing 31 and injuring more than 300.
It includes an exhibition space for 1,500 booths, and a convention hall for 2,000 pax. The center hosted the Taiwan International Boat Show in May 2014.
Construction of Phase 1, known as the Waterside Light Rail began in June 2013 and is in full operation since September 2017.
According to recent records, the average temperature of the city has risen around 1 degree Celsius over the past 3 decades, from about in 1983 to around by 2012. ===Cityscape=== ==Demographics== As of December 2018, Kaohsiung city has a population of 2,773,533 people, making it the third-largest city after New Taipei and Taichung, and a population density of 939.59 people per square kilometer.
In October 2018, Weiwuying (the National Kaohsiung Centre for the Arts), designed by Mecanoo, opened. ==Religion== The religious population of Kaohsiung is mainly divided into five main religious groups: Buddhist, Taoist, Muslim and Christian (Catholicism and Protestantism).
As of February 2020, Carrefour has opened 137 hypermarkets and supermarkets in Taiwan.
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