On the Buache map, "Ile de Nachtegal" is located at 43°S, 72°E, about 6° north and 2° east of the accepted location of Grande Terre. The islands were officially discovered by the French navigator Yves-Joseph de Kerguelen-Trémarec on 12 February 1772.
Yves de Kerguelen organised a second expedition in 1773 and arrived at the "baie de l'Oiseau" by December 1773.
On 6 January 1774 he commanded his lieutenant, Henri Pascal de Rochegude, to leave a message notifying any passers-by of the two passages and of the French claim to the islands. Thereafter, a number of expeditions briefly visited the islands, including the third voyage of Captain James Cook in December 1776.
It was named by Captain James Cook, who re-discovered the islands and who anchored there on Christmas Day, 1776.
The sealing era lasted from 1781 to 1922 during which time 284 sealing visits are recorded, nine of which ended when the vessel was wrecked.
Relics of the sealing period include try pots, hut ruins, graves and inscriptions. In 1800, the spent eight months sealing and whaling around the islands.
The title character in Edgar Allan Poe's 1838 novel, The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket, visits the islands.
For the 1874 transit, George Biddell Airy of the U.K.
On this site an astronomical and geomagnetic observatory was erected on 26 October 1874 by a German research expedition led by Georg Gustav Freiherr von Schleinitz.
Ryan erected a station at this site on 7 September 1874.
That station was also established to observe the 1874 transit of Venus. Port Bizet is a seismographic station on the northeastern coast of Île Longue.
The 1874 short story "The Tachypomp" by Edward Page Mitchell tells of a hole through the center of the Earth with one end in the United States and the other in "Kerguellen's Land" (which is roughly antipodal to the United States and Canada).
In January 2007, an archaeological excavation was carried out at this site. In 1877 the French started a coal mining operation, but soon abandoned it. In 1892, due to German operations in the area, France sent the aviso Eure, under Commander Lieutard, to reassert its claim over the Kerguelen Islands, the islands of Amsterdam and St.
The 1880 collection Songs from the Mountains by the Australian poet Henry Kendall contains the poem Beyond Kerguelen.
In January 2007, an archaeological excavation was carried out at this site. In 1877 the French started a coal mining operation, but soon abandoned it. In 1892, due to German operations in the area, France sent the aviso Eure, under Commander Lieutard, to reassert its claim over the Kerguelen Islands, the islands of Amsterdam and St.
French writer Jules Verne's 1897 novel An Antarctic Mystery offers a follow up to Poe's book, and revisits the Kerguelen Islands.
Observatory Bay was also used by the German Antarctic Expedition, led by Erich Dagobert von Drygalski in 1902–1903.
Modern industrial sealing, associated with whaling stations, occurred intermittently between 1908 and 1956.
In 1924, it was decided to administer these territories (in addition to that portion of Antarctica claimed by France and known as Adélie Land) from Madagascar; as with all Antarctic territorial claims, France's possession on the continent is held in abeyance until a new international treaty is ratified that defines each claimant's rights and obligations. In 1908, the French explorer Raymond Rallier du Baty made a privately funded expedition to the island.
Starting in 1912, sheep were raised here to create an economic base for future settlement.
In Rudyard Kipling's poem "McAndrew's Hymn" – about a ship's engineer – there are the lines: "Fra' Cape Town east to Wellington – ye need an engineer. Fail there – ye've time to weld your shaft – ay, eat it, ere ye're spoke, Or make Kerguelen under sail – three jiggers burned wi' smoke!" Henry De Vere Stacpoole set his 1919 novel The Beach of Dreams on the islands.
The sealing era lasted from 1781 to 1922 during which time 284 sealing visits are recorded, nine of which ended when the vessel was wrecked.
In 1924, it was decided to administer these territories (in addition to that portion of Antarctica claimed by France and known as Adélie Land) from Madagascar; as with all Antarctic territorial claims, France's possession on the continent is held in abeyance until a new international treaty is ratified that defines each claimant's rights and obligations. In 1908, the French explorer Raymond Rallier du Baty made a privately funded expedition to the island.
However, the attempt failed and the last inhabitants had to be evacuated, and the station abandoned, in 1931.
Johns's recurring hero, Biggles, and the crew of a gold bullion-bearing German U-boat, in the 1948 novel Biggles' Second Case.
He is buried in what is sometimes referred to as "the southernmost German war grave" of World War II. Kerguelen has been continually occupied since 1950 by scientific research teams, with a population of 50 to 100 personnel frequently present.
There are also populations of wild sheep (Ovis orientalis orientalis) and reindeer. In the 1950s and 1960s, French geologist Edgar Albert de la Rue began to introduce several species of salmonids.
There is also a French satellite tracking station. Until 1955, the Kerguelen Islands were administratively part of the French Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies.
Modern industrial sealing, associated with whaling stations, occurred intermittently between 1908 and 1956.
There are also populations of wild sheep (Ovis orientalis orientalis) and reindeer. In the 1950s and 1960s, French geologist Edgar Albert de la Rue began to introduce several species of salmonids.
In 2004 they were permanently transformed into their own entity (keeping the same name) but having inherited another group of five very remote tropical islands, , which are also ruled by France and are dispersed widely throughout the southern Indian Ocean. ==Grande Terre== The main island of the archipelago is called La Grande Terre.
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Page generated on 2021-08-05