It deals with the operation of the Stasi State Security of former East Germany. Johann Sebastian Bach lived from 1723 until his death in Leipzig.
The Rosental is a park in the north of the forest and borders Leipzig Zoo. Wildpark in Connewitz, showing 25 species. ===Music=== Johann Sebastian Bach worked in Leipzig from 1723 to 1750, conducting the Thomanerchor (St.
The Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, established in 1743, is one of the oldest symphony orchestras in the world.
The Rosental is a park in the north of the forest and borders Leipzig Zoo. Wildpark in Connewitz, showing 25 species. ===Music=== Johann Sebastian Bach worked in Leipzig from 1723 to 1750, conducting the Thomanerchor (St.
After its closure in 1990 the institute was refounded in 1995 with new teachers. ===Visual arts and theatre=== The Academy of Visual Arts (Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst) was established in 1764.
The city employed light guards who had to follow a specific schedule to ensure the punctual lighting of the 700 lanterns. ===19th century=== The Leipzig region was the arena of the 1813 Battle of Leipzig between Napoleonic France and an allied coalition of Prussia, Russia, Austria and Sweden.
The composer Richard Wagner was born in Leipzig in 1813, in the Brühl.
Reclam, founded in 1828, was one of the large publishing houses to move away.
Many volunteer militias and civic associations were formed, and collaborated with churches and the press to support local and state militias, patriotic wartime mobilization, humanitarian relief and postwar commemorative practices and rituals. When it was made a terminus of the first German long-distance railway to Dresden (the capital of Saxony) in 1839, Leipzig became a hub of Central European railway traffic, with Leipzig Hauptbahnhof the largest terminal station by area in Europe.
The Leipzig-Dresden railway line, which was the first German long-distance railway to go into operation in 1839, is also undergoing expansion for 200 km/h.
The Bach Archive is an institution for the documentation and research of his life and work. Mendelssohn House, home of Felix Mendelssohn from 1845 until his death in 1847. Schumann House, home of Robert and Clara Schumann from 1840 to 1844. ===Main sights=== Leipzig Zoological Garden is one of the most modern zoos in Europe, with approximately 850 different animal species.
Robert Schumann was also active in Leipzig music, having been invited by Felix Mendelssohn when the latter established Germany's first musical conservatoire in the city in 1843.
The Bach Archive is an institution for the documentation and research of his life and work. Mendelssohn House, home of Felix Mendelssohn from 1845 until his death in 1847. Schumann House, home of Robert and Clara Schumann from 1840 to 1844. ===Main sights=== Leipzig Zoological Garden is one of the most modern zoos in Europe, with approximately 850 different animal species.
The Bach Archive is an institution for the documentation and research of his life and work. Mendelssohn House, home of Felix Mendelssohn from 1845 until his death in 1847. Schumann House, home of Robert and Clara Schumann from 1840 to 1844. ===Main sights=== Leipzig Zoological Garden is one of the most modern zoos in Europe, with approximately 850 different animal species.
The Bach Archive is an institution for the documentation and research of his life and work. Mendelssohn House, home of Felix Mendelssohn from 1845 until his death in 1847. Schumann House, home of Robert and Clara Schumann from 1840 to 1844. ===Main sights=== Leipzig Zoological Garden is one of the most modern zoos in Europe, with approximately 850 different animal species.
On Kristallnacht in 1938, the 1855 Moorish Revival Leipzig synagogue, one of the city's most architecturally significant buildings, was deliberately destroyed.
The first German labor party, the General German Workers' Association (Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein, ADAV) was founded in Leipzig on 23 May 1863 by Ferdinand Lassalle; about 600 workers from across Germany travelled to the foundation on the new railway.
Gustav Mahler was second conductor (working under Artur Nikisch) at the Leipzig Opera from June 1886 until May 1888, and achieved his first significant recognition while there by completing and publishing Carl Maria von Weber's opera Die Drei Pintos.
Gustav Mahler was second conductor (working under Artur Nikisch) at the Leipzig Opera from June 1886 until May 1888, and achieved his first significant recognition while there by completing and publishing Carl Maria von Weber's opera Die Drei Pintos.
Founded in 1894, it has published under several different forms of government.
Over 400 athletic facilities are available to citizens and club members. ===Football=== The German Football Association (DFB) was founded in Leipzig in 1900.
The city was the venue for the 2006 FIFA World Cup draw, and hosted four first-round matches and one match in the round of 16 in the central stadium. VfB Leipzig won the first national Association football championship in 1903.
The new city hall, completed in 1905, is built in the same style. Some 64,000 apartments in Leipzig were built in Plattenbau buildings during Communist rule in East Germany.
Huge Gründerzeit areas were built, which mostly survived both war and post-war demolition. ===20th century=== With the opening of a fifth production hall in 1907, the Leipziger Baumwollspinnerei became the largest cotton mill company on the continent, housing over 240,000 spindles.
The Monument to the Battle of the Nations celebrating the centenary of this event was completed in 1913.
After the Reunification of Germany, immense efforts to restore and expand the traffic network have been undertaken and left the city area with an excellent infrastructure. ===Railways=== Opened in 1915, Leipzig Hauptbahnhof (lit.
Nobel Prize laureate Werner Heisenberg worked here as a physics professor (from 1927 to 1942), as did Nobel Prize laureates Gustav Ludwig Hertz (physics), Wilhelm Ostwald (chemistry) and Theodor Mommsen (Nobel Prize in literature).
Daily production surpassed 5 million kilograms of yarn. During the 1930s and 1940s, music was prominent throughout Leipzig.
It re-opened soon after the war ended in 1945. On 22 May 1930, Carl Friedrich Goerdeler was elected mayor of Leipzig.
In 1930, the population reached its historical peak of over 700,000.
Goerdeler was later executed by the Nazis on 2 February 1945. Several thousand forced labourers were stationed in Leipzig during the Second World War. Beginning in 1933, many Jewish citizens of Leipzig were members of the Gemeinde, a large Jewish religious community spread throughout Germany, Austria and Switzerland.
Beginning in 1933 and increasing in 1939, Jewish business owners were forced to give up their possessions and stores.
Following the war, the Communist Party of Germany (German: Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands, KPD) provided aid for the reconstruction of the city. In 1933, a census recorded that over 11,000 Jews were living in Leipzig.
In October 1935, the Gemeinde helped found the Lehrhaus (English: a house of study) in Leipzig to provide different forms of studies to Jewish students who were prohibited from attending any institutions in Germany.
Destroyed by the Nazis in 1936, the statue was re-erected on 18 October 2008. St. Nicholas's Church (Nikolaikirche), for which Bach was also responsible.
He resigned in 1937 when, in his absence, his Nazi deputy ordered the destruction of the city's statue of Felix Mendelssohn.
Shortly before Kristallnacht, Polish Jews living in the city were expelled. On 20 December 1937, after the Nazis took control of the city, they renamed it Reichsmessestadt Leipzig, meaning the "Imperial Trade Fair City Leipzig".
On Kristallnacht in 1938, the 1855 Moorish Revival Leipzig synagogue, one of the city's most architecturally significant buildings, was deliberately destroyed.
In early 1938, Leipzig saw an increase in Zionism through Jewish citizens.
On 28 October 1938, Heinrich Himmler ordered the deportation of Polish Jews from Leipzig to Poland. On 9 November 1938, as part of Kristallnacht, in Gottschedstrasse, synagogues and businesses were set on fire.
Only a couple of days later, on 11 November 1938, many Jews in the Leipzig area were deported to the Buchenwald Concentration Camp.
Beginning in 1933 and increasing in 1939, Jewish business owners were forced to give up their possessions and stores.
In the 1939 census, the number had fallen to roughly 4,500, and by January 1942 only 2,000 remained.
Daily production surpassed 5 million kilograms of yarn. During the 1930s and 1940s, music was prominent throughout Leipzig.
In the 1939 census, the number had fallen to roughly 4,500, and by January 1942 only 2,000 remained.
On 13 July 1942, 170 Jews were deported from Leipzig to Auschwitz Concentration Camp.
On 19 September 1942, 440 Jews were deported from Leipzig to Theresienstadt Concentration Camp.
Nobel Prize laureate Werner Heisenberg worked here as a physics professor (from 1927 to 1942), as did Nobel Prize laureates Gustav Ludwig Hertz (physics), Wilhelm Ostwald (chemistry) and Theodor Mommsen (Nobel Prize in literature).
On 18 June 1943, the remaining 18 Jews still in Leipzig were deported from Leipzig to Auschwitz Concentration Camp.
According to records of the Theresienstadt deportation, only 53 Jews survived. Until late 1943, there was little threat of aerial bombings to the city.
However, on the morning of 4 December 1943, the British Royal Air Force dropped over 1,000 tons of explosives, resulting in the death of nearly 1,000 civilians.
Many students attended Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy College of Music and Theatre (then named Landeskonservatorium.) However, in 1944, it was closed due to World War II.
It re-opened soon after the war ended in 1945. On 22 May 1930, Carl Friedrich Goerdeler was elected mayor of Leipzig.
Goerdeler was later executed by the Nazis on 2 February 1945. Several thousand forced labourers were stationed in Leipzig during the Second World War. Beginning in 1933, many Jewish citizens of Leipzig were members of the Gemeinde, a large Jewish religious community spread throughout Germany, Austria and Switzerland.
The resultant pattern of loss was a patchwork, rather than wholesale loss of its centre, but was nevertheless extensive. The Allied ground advance into Germany reached Leipzig in late April 1945.
69th Infantry Division fought their way into the city on 18 April and completed its capture after fierce urban action, in which fighting was often house-to-house and block-to-block, on 19 April 1945.
In April 1945 the SS Gruppehfuhrer/Mayor of Leipzig Bruno Erich Alfred Freyberg, his wife and daughter; the Deputy Mayor/Treasurer of Leipzig, Ernest Kurt Lisso, his wife, daughter, and a Volkssturm Major Walter Dönicke committed suicide in Leipzig City Hall. The United States turned the city over to the Red Army as it pulled back from the line of contact with Soviet forces in July 1945 to the designated occupation zone boundaries.
Leipzig became one of the major cities of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). Following the end of World War II in 1945, Leipzig saw a slow return of Jews to the city. In the mid-20th century, the city's trade fair assumed renewed importance as a point of contact with the Comecon Eastern Europe economic bloc, of which East Germany was a member.
The club was dissolved in 1946 and the remains reformed as SG Probstheida.
Between 1950 and the end of the German Democratic Republic, the population of Leipzig fell from 600,000 to 500,000. In October 1989, after prayers for peace at St. Nicholas Church, established in 1983 as part of the peace movement, the Monday demonstrations started as the most prominent mass protest against the East German government.
It decreased steadily from 1950 to about 530,000 in 1989.
The drama departments teach acting and scriptwriting. The Bach-Archiv Leipzig, an institution for the documentation and research of the life and work of Bach (and also of the Bach family), was founded in Leipzig in 1950 by Werner Neumann.
The Bach-Archiv organizes the prestigious International Johann Sebastian Bach Competition, initiated in 1950 as part of a music festival marking the bicentennial of Bach's death.
They play their home games at Alfred-Kunze-Sportpark. ===Other sports=== From 1950 to 1990 Leipzig was host of the Deutsche Hochschule für Körperkultur (DHfK, German College of Physical Culture), the national sports college of the GDR. Leipzig also hosted the Fencing World Cup in 2005 and hosts a number of international competitions in a variety of sports each year. Leipzig made a bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympics.
The university has about 30,000 students. A part of Leipzig University is the German Institute for Literature which was founded in 1955 under the name "Johannes R.
They play in the Arena Leipzig which has a capacity of 6,327 spectators in HBL games but can take up to 7,532 spectators for handball in maximum capacity. Handball-Club Leipzig is one of the most successful women's handball clubs in Germany, winning 20 domestic championships since 1956 and 3 Champions League titles.
FC Lokomotive Leipzig has had a glorious past in international competition as well, having been champions of the 1965–66 Intertoto Cup, semi-finalists in the 1973–74 UEFA Cup, and runners-up in the 1986–87 European Cup Winners' Cup. Red Bull entered the local football in May 2009, after having previously been denied the right to buy into FC Sachsen Leipzig in 2006.
FC Lokomotive Leipzig in 1966.
Paul's Church was destroyed by the Communist government in 1968 to make room for a new main building for the university.
Nicholas Church and the Paulinerkirche, the university church of Leipzig (destroyed in 1968).
FC Lokomotive Leipzig has had a glorious past in international competition as well, having been champions of the 1965–66 Intertoto Cup, semi-finalists in the 1973–74 UEFA Cup, and runners-up in the 1986–87 European Cup Winners' Cup. Red Bull entered the local football in May 2009, after having previously been denied the right to buy into FC Sachsen Leipzig in 2006.
The weekly Montagsgebet (Monday prayer) held here became the starting point of peaceful Monday demonstrations against the DDR regime in the 1980s. St.
Between 1950 and the end of the German Democratic Republic, the population of Leipzig fell from 600,000 to 500,000. In October 1989, after prayers for peace at St. Nicholas Church, established in 1983 as part of the peace movement, the Monday demonstrations started as the most prominent mass protest against the East German government.
FC Lokomotive Leipzig has had a glorious past in international competition as well, having been champions of the 1965–66 Intertoto Cup, semi-finalists in the 1973–74 UEFA Cup, and runners-up in the 1986–87 European Cup Winners' Cup. Red Bull entered the local football in May 2009, after having previously been denied the right to buy into FC Sachsen Leipzig in 2006.
Births dropped from 7,000 in 1988 to less than 3,000 in 1994.
Events in Leipzig in 1989 played a significant role in precipitating the fall of communism in Central and Eastern Europe, mainly through demonstrations starting from St.
Between 1950 and the end of the German Democratic Republic, the population of Leipzig fell from 600,000 to 500,000. In October 1989, after prayers for peace at St. Nicholas Church, established in 1983 as part of the peace movement, the Monday demonstrations started as the most prominent mass protest against the East German government.
It decreased steadily from 1950 to about 530,000 in 1989.
The amount of sunshine differs significantly between winter and summer, with an average of around 51 hours of sunshine in December (1.7 hours a day) compared with 229 hours of sunshine in July (7.4 hours a day). ==Politics== The first freely elected mayor after German reunification was Hinrich Lehmann-Grube of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), who served from 1990 to 1998.
In the 1990s, the population decreased rather rapidly to 437,000 in 1998.
However, the number of children born in Leipzig has risen since the late 1990s.
Its architecture alludes to the look of the former church and it includes space for religious use by the faculty of theology, including the original altar from the old church and two newly built organs. Many commercial buildings were built in the 1990s as a result of tax breaks after German reunification. ===Tallest buildings and structures=== The tallest structure in Leipzig is the chimney of the Stahl- und Hartgusswerk Bösdorf GmbH with a height of .
They play their home games at Alfred-Kunze-Sportpark. ===Other sports=== From 1950 to 1990 Leipzig was host of the Deutsche Hochschule für Körperkultur (DHfK, German College of Physical Culture), the national sports college of the GDR. Leipzig also hosted the Fencing World Cup in 2005 and hosts a number of international competitions in a variety of sports each year. Leipzig made a bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympics.
After its closure in 1990 the institute was refounded in 1995 with new teachers. ===Visual arts and theatre=== The Academy of Visual Arts (Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst) was established in 1764.
A few cycle paths have been built or declared since 1990. Since 2004 there is a bicycle-sharing system.
It was founded in 1992, merging several older schools.
The mayor was originally chosen by the city council, but since 1994 has been directly elected.
Births dropped from 7,000 in 1988 to less than 3,000 in 1994.
In 2011, it reached 5,490 births resulting in a RNI of −17.7 (−393.7 in 1995). The unemployment rate decreased from 18.2% in 2003 to 9.8% in 2014 and 7.6% in June 2017. The percentage of the population from an immigrant background is low compared with other German cities.
After its closure in 1990 the institute was refounded in 1995 with new teachers. ===Visual arts and theatre=== The Academy of Visual Arts (Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst) was established in 1764.
The amount of sunshine differs significantly between winter and summer, with an average of around 51 hours of sunshine in December (1.7 hours a day) compared with 229 hours of sunshine in July (7.4 hours a day). ==Politics== The first freely elected mayor after German reunification was Hinrich Lehmann-Grube of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), who served from 1990 to 1998.
Wolfgang Tiefensee, also of the SPD, served from 1998 until his resignation in 2005 to become federal Minister of Transport.
In the 1990s, the population decreased rather rapidly to 437,000 in 1998.
After almost doubling the city area by incorporation of surrounding towns in 1999, the number stabilised and started to rise again, with an increase of 1,000 in 2000.
A former open-pit coal mine, it was flooded in 1999 with groundwater and developed in 2006 as a tourist area.
As unemployment rocketed, the population fell dramatically; some 100,000 people left Leipzig in the ten years after reunification, and vacant and derelict housing became an urgent problem. Starting in 2000, an ambitious (and subsequently much-praised) urban-renewal plan first stopped Leipzig's decline and then reversed it.
After almost doubling the city area by incorporation of surrounding towns in 1999, the number stabilised and started to rise again, with an increase of 1,000 in 2000.
In 2011, it reached 5,490 births resulting in a RNI of −17.7 (−393.7 in 1995). The unemployment rate decreased from 18.2% in 2003 to 9.8% in 2014 and 7.6% in June 2017. The percentage of the population from an immigrant background is low compared with other German cities.
In 2015, the network will be extended to Dessau and Lutherstadt Wittenberg. With the timetable change in December 2004, the networks of Leipzig and Halle were combined to form the Leipzig-Halle S-Bahn.
A few cycle paths have been built or declared since 1990. Since 2004 there is a bicycle-sharing system.
Wolfgang Tiefensee, also of the SPD, served from 1998 until his resignation in 2005 to become federal Minister of Transport.
They play their home games at Alfred-Kunze-Sportpark. ===Other sports=== From 1950 to 1990 Leipzig was host of the Deutsche Hochschule für Körperkultur (DHfK, German College of Physical Culture), the national sports college of the GDR. Leipzig also hosted the Fencing World Cup in 2005 and hosts a number of international competitions in a variety of sports each year. Leipzig made a bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympics.
He was succeeded by fellow SPD politician Burkhard Jung, who was elected in January 2006 and re-elected in 2013 and 2020.
The city was the venue for the 2006 FIFA World Cup draw, and hosted four first-round matches and one match in the round of 16 in the central stadium. VfB Leipzig won the first national Association football championship in 1903.
FC Lokomotive Leipzig has had a glorious past in international competition as well, having been champions of the 1965–66 Intertoto Cup, semi-finalists in the 1973–74 UEFA Cup, and runners-up in the 1986–87 European Cup Winners' Cup. Red Bull entered the local football in May 2009, after having previously been denied the right to buy into FC Sachsen Leipzig in 2006.
A former open-pit coal mine, it was flooded in 1999 with groundwater and developed in 2006 as a tourist area.
Germany's chancellor since 2006, Angela Merkel, studied physics at Leipzig University.
The line to Berlin has been extended and has been passable at 200 km/h since 2006.
Destroyed by the Nazis in 1936, the statue was re-erected on 18 October 2008. St. Nicholas's Church (Nikolaikirche), for which Bach was also responsible.
The city commissioned planning for a link between Karl Heine Canal and the disused Lindenauer port in 2008.
FC Lokomotive Leipzig has had a glorious past in international competition as well, having been champions of the 1965–66 Intertoto Cup, semi-finalists in the 1973–74 UEFA Cup, and runners-up in the 1986–87 European Cup Winners' Cup. Red Bull entered the local football in May 2009, after having previously been denied the right to buy into FC Sachsen Leipzig in 2006.
The University of Leipzig attracts millions of euros of investment yearly and celebrated its 600th birthday in 2009. Leipzig also benefits from world leading medical research (Leipzig Heart Centre) and a growing biotechnology industry. Many bars, restaurants and stores in the downtown area are patronized by German and foreign tourists.
Since the 2010s, the city has been celebrated by the media as a hip urban center with a very high quality of living.
Leipzig is one of Germany's most visited cities with over 3 million overnight stays in 2017. In 2010, Leipzig was included in the top 10 cities to visit by The New York Times, and ranked 39th globally out of 289 cities for innovation in the 4th Innovation Cities Index published by Australian agency 2thinknow.
It is also the home base of the freight airlines Aerologic and European Air Transport Leipzig. The former military airport near Altenburg, Thuringia called Leipzig-Altenburg Airport about a half-hour drive from Leipzig was served by Ryanair until 2010. ===Water=== In the first half of the 20th century, the construction of the Elster-Saale canal, White Elster and Saale was started in Leipzig in order to connect to the network of waterways.
In 2011, it reached 5,490 births resulting in a RNI of −17.7 (−393.7 in 1995). The unemployment rate decreased from 18.2% in 2003 to 9.8% in 2014 and 7.6% in June 2017. The percentage of the population from an immigrant background is low compared with other German cities.
In 2011 and 2012 DHL transferred the bulk of its European air operations from Brussels Airport to Leipzig/Halle Airport.
In Germany, it ranks second behind Frankfurt am Main, fifth in Europe and 26th worldwide (as of 2011).
Leipzig was the German candidate for the 2012 Summer Olympics, but was unsuccessful.
After some debate, the city decided to establish a new, mainly secular building at the same location, called Paulinum, which was completed in 2012.
They play their home games at Alfred-Kunze-Sportpark. ===Other sports=== From 1950 to 1990 Leipzig was host of the Deutsche Hochschule für Körperkultur (DHfK, German College of Physical Culture), the national sports college of the GDR. Leipzig also hosted the Fencing World Cup in 2005 and hosts a number of international competitions in a variety of sports each year. Leipzig made a bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympics.
In 2011 and 2012 DHL transferred the bulk of its European air operations from Brussels Airport to Leipzig/Halle Airport.
Since the opening of the Leipzig City Tunnel in 2013, Leipzig forms the centrepiece of the S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland public transit system.
After ten years of construction, the Leipzig City Tunnel opened on 14 December 2013.
He was succeeded by fellow SPD politician Burkhard Jung, who was elected in January 2006 and re-elected in 2013 and 2020.
On its southeastern shore is Germany's only pump-powered artificial whitewater slalom course, Markkleeberg Canoe Park (Kanupark Markkleeberg), a venue which rivals the Eiskanal in Augsburg for training and international canoe/kayak competition. Leipzig Rugby Club competes in the German Rugby Bundesliga but finished at the bottom of their group in 2013. ==Education== ===University=== Leipzig University, founded 1409, is one of Europe's oldest universities.
The most important construction project in regional transport was the four-kilometer-long City Tunnel, which went into operation in December 2013 as the main line of the S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland. There are freight stations in the districts of Wahren and Engelsdorf.
However, this network only served as a transitional solution and was replaced by the S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland on 15 December 2013.
In recent years, inward migration accelerated, reaching an increase of 12,917 in 2014. In the years following German reunification, many people of working age took the opportunity to move to the states of the former West Germany to seek employment opportunities.
In 2011, it reached 5,490 births resulting in a RNI of −17.7 (−393.7 in 1995). The unemployment rate decreased from 18.2% in 2003 to 9.8% in 2014 and 7.6% in June 2017. The percentage of the population from an immigrant background is low compared with other German cities.
Bundesliga in 2014–15 season.
The university also runs the Museum of Antiquities. Founded in March 2015, the G2 Kunsthalle houses the Hildebrand Collection.
Peter's has the highest tower of any church in Leipzig, at . The new Propsteikirche, opened in 2015. The Continental Reformed Church of Leipzig (Evangelisch-reformierte Kirche) is one of the most prominent buildings on the Leipzig Innercity ring. The Russian Church of Leipzig is the Russian Orthodox church of Leipzig. St.
RB Leipzig was finally promoted to the top level of the Bundesliga after finishing the 2015–16 2.
In 2015, Leipzig have among the 30 largest German cities the third best prospects for the future.
On 13 December 2015, the high-speed line from Leipzig to Erfurt, designed for 300 km/h, was put into operation.
In 2015, the network will be extended to Dessau and Lutherstadt Wittenberg. With the timetable change in December 2004, the networks of Leipzig and Halle were combined to form the Leipzig-Halle S-Bahn.
The easternmost section of the new Erfurt-Leipzig/Halle line under construction gave the airport a long-distance railway station, which was also integrated into the ICE network when the railway line was completed in 2015. Passenger flights are operated to the major German hub airports, European metropolises and holiday destinations, especially in the Mediterranean region and North Africa.
In 2011, it reached 5,490 births resulting in a RNI of −17.7 (−393.7 in 1995). The unemployment rate decreased from 18.2% in 2003 to 9.8% in 2014 and 7.6% in June 2017. The percentage of the population from an immigrant background is low compared with other German cities.
The team was however relegated to the third tier league in 2017 due to failing to achieve the economic standard demanded by the league licence. ===American football=== Leipzig Kings is an American football team playing in the European League of Football (ELF), which is a planned professional league, that is set to become the first fully professional league in Europe since the demise of NFL Europe.
Leipzig is one of Germany's most visited cities with over 3 million overnight stays in 2017. In 2010, Leipzig was included in the top 10 cities to visit by The New York Times, and ranked 39th globally out of 289 cities for innovation in the 4th Innovation Cities Index published by Australian agency 2thinknow.
Its continuation to Nuremberg followed in December 2017.
It was ranked 25th out of 150 cities worldwide and above Dortmund, Cologne, Frankfurt, and Berlin. In 2018, Leipzig won the European Cities of Future prize in the category of "Best Large City for Human Capital & Lifestyle". Leipzig was named European City of the Year at the 2019 Urbanism Awards. According to the 2019 study by Forschungsinstitut Prognos, Leipzig is the most dynamic region in Germany.
Since 2018, the system has enabled flexible borrowing and returning of bicycles in the inner city; in this zone, bicycles can be handed in and borrowed from almost any street corner.
Additionally, since 2018 there is also a stationless car sharing system in Leipzig.
In contrast to taxicab services, the start and destination must be defined beforehand and other passengers can be taken along at the same time if they share a route. ===Long-distance buses=== Since March 2018 there has been a central bus station directly east of Leipzig Central Station. In addition to a large number of national lines, several international lines also serve Leipzig.
Leipzig is currently listed as a "Sufficiency" level global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, Germany's "Boomtown" and was the 2019 European City of the Year. Leipzig has long been a major centre for music, both classical as well as modern "dark alternative music" or darkwave genres.
It was ranked 25th out of 150 cities worldwide and above Dortmund, Cologne, Frankfurt, and Berlin. In 2018, Leipzig won the European Cities of Future prize in the category of "Best Large City for Human Capital & Lifestyle". Leipzig was named European City of the Year at the 2019 Urbanism Awards. According to the 2019 study by Forschungsinstitut Prognos, Leipzig is the most dynamic region in Germany.
He was succeeded by fellow SPD politician Burkhard Jung, who was elected in January 2006 and re-elected in 2013 and 2020.
With a population of 605,407 inhabitants as of 2021 (1.1 million residents in the larger urban zone), it is Germany's eighth most populous city as well as the second most populous city in the area of former East Germany after (East) Berlin.
The Kings will start playing games against teams from Germany, Spain and Poland in June 2021.
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