The Dutch probably introduced the magic lantern in Japan before the 1760s.
Pieter was the brother of Jan van Musschenbroek, the maker of an outstanding magic lantern with excellent lenses and a diaphragm (see illustration above). In 1770, Edmé-Gilles Guyot described a method of using two slides for the depiction of a storm at sea, with waves on one slide and ships and a few clouds on another.
The invention of the Argand lamp in the 1790s helped to make the images brighter.
He probably used mobile magic lanterns with the recently invented Argand lamp to create his successful Schröpferischen, und Cagliostoischen Geister-Erscheinungen (Schröpfer-esque and Cagiostro-esque Ghost Apparitions) in Vienna from 1790 to 1792.
He probably used mobile magic lanterns with the recently invented Argand lamp to create his successful Schröpferischen, und Cagliostoischen Geister-Erscheinungen (Schröpfer-esque and Cagiostro-esque Ghost Apparitions) in Vienna from 1790 to 1792.
As "Paul Filidort" he presented his Phantasmagorie in Paris From December 1792 to July 1793, probably using the term for the first time.
As "Paul Filidort" he presented his Phantasmagorie in Paris From December 1792 to July 1793, probably using the term for the first time.
As "Paul de Philipsthal" he performed Phantasmagoria shows in Britain beginning in 1801 with great success. One of many showmen who were inspired by Phylidor, Etienne-Gaspard Robert became very famous with his own Fantasmagorie show in Paris from 1798 to 1803 (later performing throughout Europe and returning to Paris for a triumphant comeback in Paris in 1814).
He patented a mobile "Fantascope" lantern in 1798. ==Royal Polytechnic Institution shows== When it opened in 1838, The Royal Polytechnic Institution in London became a very popular and influential venue with many kinds of magic lantern shows as an important part of its program.
As "Paul de Philipsthal" he performed Phantasmagoria shows in Britain beginning in 1801 with great success. One of many showmen who were inspired by Phylidor, Etienne-Gaspard Robert became very famous with his own Fantasmagorie show in Paris from 1798 to 1803 (later performing throughout Europe and returning to Paris for a triumphant comeback in Paris in 1814).
19th century magic lantern broadsides often used the terms dissolving view, dioramic view, or simply diorama interchangeably. The effect was reportedly invented by phantasmagoria pioneer Paul de Philipsthal while in Ireland in 1803 or 1804.
As "Paul de Philipsthal" he performed Phantasmagoria shows in Britain beginning in 1801 with great success. One of many showmen who were inspired by Phylidor, Etienne-Gaspard Robert became very famous with his own Fantasmagorie show in Paris from 1798 to 1803 (later performing throughout Europe and returning to Paris for a triumphant comeback in Paris in 1814).
A new style for magic lantern shows was introduced by Kameya Toraku I, who first performed in 1803 in Edo.
19th century magic lantern broadsides often used the terms dissolving view, dioramic view, or simply diorama interchangeably. The effect was reportedly invented by phantasmagoria pioneer Paul de Philipsthal while in Ireland in 1803 or 1804.
He is said to have invented the dissolving views in 1807, and to have improved and completed the technique in 1818.
An 1812 newspaper about a London performance indicates that De Philipsthal presented what was possibly a relatively early incarnation of a dissolving views show, describing it as a "a series of landscapes (in imitation of moonlight), which insensibly change to various scenes producing a very magical effect.” Another possible inventor is Henry Langdon Childe, who purportedly once worked for De Philipsthal.
Childe further popularized the dissolving views at the Royal Polytechnic Institution in the early 1840s. Despite later reports about the early invention, and apart from De Philipsthal's 1812 performance, no reports of dissolving view shows before the 1820s are known.
Her educational methods were published in America in English translation during the early 1820s. A type of lantern was constructed by Moses Holden between 1814 and 1815 for illustrating his astronomical lectures. ===Mass slide production=== In 1821, Philip Carpenter's London company, which became Carpenter and Westley after his death, started manufacturing a sturdy but lightweight and transportable "Phantasmagoria lantern" with an Argand style lamp.
As "Paul de Philipsthal" he performed Phantasmagoria shows in Britain beginning in 1801 with great success. One of many showmen who were inspired by Phylidor, Etienne-Gaspard Robert became very famous with his own Fantasmagorie show in Paris from 1798 to 1803 (later performing throughout Europe and returning to Paris for a triumphant comeback in Paris in 1814).
Her educational methods were published in America in English translation during the early 1820s. A type of lantern was constructed by Moses Holden between 1814 and 1815 for illustrating his astronomical lectures. ===Mass slide production=== In 1821, Philip Carpenter's London company, which became Carpenter and Westley after his death, started manufacturing a sturdy but lightweight and transportable "Phantasmagoria lantern" with an Argand style lamp.
He is said to have invented the dissolving views in 1807, and to have improved and completed the technique in 1818.
Most handmade slides were mounted in wood frames with a round or square opening for the picture. After 1820 the manufacturing of hand colored printed slides started, often making use of decalcomania transfers.
The invention of limelight in the 1820s made them very much brighter.
Her educational methods were published in America in English translation during the early 1820s. A type of lantern was constructed by Moses Holden between 1814 and 1815 for illustrating his astronomical lectures. ===Mass slide production=== In 1821, Philip Carpenter's London company, which became Carpenter and Westley after his death, started manufacturing a sturdy but lightweight and transportable "Phantasmagoria lantern" with an Argand style lamp.
From around the 1820s mechanical astronomical slides became quite common. ===Various types of mechanical slides=== Various types of mechanisms were commonly used to add movement to the projected image: slipping slides: a movable glass plate with one or more figures (or any part of a picture for which movement was desired) was slipped over a stationary one, directly by hand or with a small drawbar (see: Fig.
Childe further popularized the dissolving views at the Royal Polytechnic Institution in the early 1840s. Despite later reports about the early invention, and apart from De Philipsthal's 1812 performance, no reports of dissolving view shows before the 1820s are known.
Her educational methods were published in America in English translation during the early 1820s. A type of lantern was constructed by Moses Holden between 1814 and 1815 for illustrating his astronomical lectures. ===Mass slide production=== In 1821, Philip Carpenter's London company, which became Carpenter and Westley after his death, started manufacturing a sturdy but lightweight and transportable "Phantasmagoria lantern" with an Argand style lamp.
The subject and the effect of magic lantern dissolving views is similar to the popular Diorama theatre paintings that originated in Paris in 1822.
The first known set The Elements of Zoology became available in 1823, with over 200 images in 56 frames of zoological figures, classified according to the system of the Swedish scientist Carl Linnaeus.
In 1826, Scottish magician and ventriloquist M.
Henry." In 1827, Henry Langdon Childe presented "Scenic Views, showing the various effects of light and shade," with a series of subjects that became classics for the dissolving views.
In December 1827, De Philipsthal returned with a show that included "various splendid views (...) transforming themselves imperceptibly (as if it were by Magic) from one form into another." Biunial lanterns, with two projecting optical sets in one apparatus, were produced to more easily project dissolving views.
The oldest known use of the term "dissolving views" occurs on playbills for Childe's shows at the Adelphi Theatre in London in 1837.
He patented a mobile "Fantascope" lantern in 1798. ==Royal Polytechnic Institution shows== When it opened in 1838, The Royal Polytechnic Institution in London became a very popular and influential venue with many kinds of magic lantern shows as an important part of its program.
Childe further popularized the dissolving views at the Royal Polytechnic Institution in the early 1840s. Despite later reports about the early invention, and apart from De Philipsthal's 1812 performance, no reports of dissolving view shows before the 1820s are known.
Clarke and presented at the Royal Adelaide Gallery in London on December 5, 1840.
It was possibly invented around 1844 by English glass painter and showman Henry Langdon Childe and soon added as a novelty to the program of the Royal Polytechnic Institution. the Astrometeoroscope or Astrometroscope: a large slide that projected a lacework of dots forming constantly changing geometrical line patterns, compared with stars and meteors.
Duboscq produced some in the 1850s and Thomas Ross patented a version called "Wheel of life" in 1869 and 1870. The Choreutoscope was invented around 1866 by the Greenwich engineer J.
Wood, appeared in the Horne & Thornthwaite catalogue in 1857.
It was invented in or before 1858 by the Hungarian engineer S.
The invention of the intensely bright electric arc lamp in the 1860s eliminated the need for combustible gases or hazardous chemicals, and eventually the incandescent electric lamp further improved safety and convenience, although not brightness. ==Precursors== Several types of projection systems existed before the invention of the magic lantern.
The device was demonstrated at the Royal Polytechnic Institution around 1870 and dubbed "Kaleidotrope" when commercial versions were marketed. the Cycloidotrope (circa 1865): a slide with an adjustable stylus bar for drawing geometric patterns on sooty glass when hand cranked during projection.
It was invented by English scientist Charles Wheatstone in 1866. the Kaleidotrope: a slide with a single perforated metal or cardboard disc suspended on a spiral spring.
Duboscq produced some in the 1850s and Thomas Ross patented a version called "Wheel of life" in 1869 and 1870. The Choreutoscope was invented around 1866 by the Greenwich engineer J.
Duboscq produced some in the 1850s and Thomas Ross patented a version called "Wheel of life" in 1869 and 1870. The Choreutoscope was invented around 1866 by the Greenwich engineer J.
The device was demonstrated at the Royal Polytechnic Institution around 1870 and dubbed "Kaleidotrope" when commercial versions were marketed. the Cycloidotrope (circa 1865): a slide with an adjustable stylus bar for drawing geometric patterns on sooty glass when hand cranked during projection.
Duboscq produced some in the 1850s and Thomas Ross patented a version called "Wheel of life" in 1869 and 1870. The Choreutoscope was invented around 1866 by the Greenwich engineer J.
Reports say it was made in 1872, but also 1875 and (most likely) 1882.
Reports say it was made in 1872, but also 1875 and (most likely) 1882.
Reports say it was made in 1872, but also 1875 and (most likely) 1882.
These include Pierre Albanese and glass harmonica player Thomas Bloch live Magic Lantern/Phantasmagoria shows since 2008 in Europe and The American Magic-Lantern Theater.
However, of the original lanterns from the first 150 years after its invention only 28 are known to still exist (as of 2009). Museums usually prefer not to use their slides for projections, but often provide video representations of the slides. A collaborative research project of several European universities called A Million Pictures started in June 2015 and lasted until May 2018.
However, of the original lanterns from the first 150 years after its invention only 28 are known to still exist (as of 2009). Museums usually prefer not to use their slides for projections, but often provide video representations of the slides. A collaborative research project of several European universities called A Million Pictures started in June 2015 and lasted until May 2018.
However, of the original lanterns from the first 150 years after its invention only 28 are known to still exist (as of 2009). Museums usually prefer not to use their slides for projections, but often provide video representations of the slides. A collaborative research project of several European universities called A Million Pictures started in June 2015 and lasted until May 2018.
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