Development of mass transportation both followed and shaped economic and population patterns. ===Railways=== Shortly after the steam locomotive became practical for mass transportation, the private Boston and Lowell Railroad was chartered in 1830.
Freight trains run by Pan Am Southern, Pan Am Railways, CSX Transportation, the Providence and Worcester Railroad, and the Fore River Railroad also use parts of the network. The first commuter rail service in the United States was operated over what is now the Framingham/Worcester Line beginning in 1834.
The rail, which opened in 1835, connected Boston to Lowell, a major northerly mill town in northeast Massachusetts' Merrimack Valley, via one of the oldest railroads in North America.
This marked the beginning of the development of American intercity railroads, which in Massachusetts would later become the MBTA Commuter Rail system and the Green Line D branch. ===Streetcars=== Starting with the opening of the Cambridge Railroad on March 26, 1856, a profusion of streetcar lines appeared in Boston under chartered companies.
The first elevated railway and the first rapid transit line in Boston were built three years before the first underground line of the New York City Subway, but 34 years after the first London Underground lines, and long after the first elevated railway in New York City; its Ninth Avenue El started operations on July 1, 1868 in Manhattan as an elevated cable car line. Various extensions and branches were added at both ends, bypassing more surface tracks.
Many of these companies consolidated, and animal-drawn vehicles were converted to electric propulsion. ===Subways and elevated railways=== Streetcar congestion in downtown Boston led to the subways in 1897 and elevated rail in 1901.
There are no direct track connections between lines, except between the Red Line and Ashmont-Mattapan High Speed Line, but all except the Blue Line have little-used connections to the national rail network, which have been used for deliveries of railcars and supplies. Opened in September 1897, the four-track-wide segment of the Green Line tunnel between Park Street and Boylston stations was the first subway in the United States, and has been designated a National Historic Landmark.
Additions to the rapid transit network occurred in most decades of the 1900s, and continue in the 2000s with the addition of Silver Line bus rapid transit and planned Green Line expansion.
By 1900, ownership was consolidated under the Boston and Maine Railroad to the north, the New York Central Railroad to the west, and the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad to the south.
Many of these companies consolidated, and animal-drawn vehicles were converted to electric propulsion. ===Subways and elevated railways=== Streetcar congestion in downtown Boston led to the subways in 1897 and elevated rail in 1901.
The downtown portions of what are now the Green, Orange, Blue, and Red line tunnels were all in service by 1912.
The Atlantic Avenue Elevated was closed in 1938 amidst declining ridership and was demolished in 1942.
The Atlantic Avenue Elevated was closed in 1938 amidst declining ridership and was demolished in 1942.
The 1945 Coolidge Commission plan assumed that most of the commuter rail lines would be replaced by shorter rapid transit extensions, or simply feed into them at reduced service levels.
Earlier modes of public transportation in Boston were independently owned and operated; many were first folded into a single agency with the formation of the Metropolitan Transit Authority (MTA) in 1947.
The MBTA operates an independent law enforcement agency, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Police. ==History== Mass transportation in Boston was provided by private companies, often granted charters by the state legislature for limited monopolies, with powers of eminent domain to establish a right-of-way, until the creation of the MTA in 1947.
The MTA purchased and took over subway, elevated, streetcar, and bus operations from the Boston Elevated Railway in 1947. In the 1950s, the MTA ran new subway extensions, while the last two streetcar lines running into the Pleasant Street Portal of the Tremont Street Subway were substituted with buses in 1953 and 1962.
The MTA purchased and took over subway, elevated, streetcar, and bus operations from the Boston Elevated Railway in 1947. In the 1950s, the MTA ran new subway extensions, while the last two streetcar lines running into the Pleasant Street Portal of the Tremont Street Subway were substituted with buses in 1953 and 1962.
The rating structure determines many different things, including the rank in which perks are to be offered to employee, such as: When offering the choice for quarter-annual route assignments ("picks"), overtime offerings, and even the rank to transfer new hires from part-time roles to a full-time role. ==In popular culture== In 1951, the growing subway network was the setting of "A Subway Named Mobius", a science fiction short story written by the American astronomer Armin Joseph Deutsch.
The MTA purchased and took over subway, elevated, streetcar, and bus operations from the Boston Elevated Railway in 1947. In the 1950s, the MTA ran new subway extensions, while the last two streetcar lines running into the Pleasant Street Portal of the Tremont Street Subway were substituted with buses in 1953 and 1962.
In 1958, the MTA purchased the Highland Branch from the Boston and Albany Railroad, reopening a year later as rapid transit line (now the Green Line D branch). While the operations of the MTA were relatively stable by the early 1960s, the privately operated commuter rail lines were in freefall.
Passenger service on the entire Old Colony Railroad system serving the southeastern part of the state was abandoned by the New Haven Railroad in 1959, triggering calls for state intervention.
In 2001, a half-century later, the narrative was awarded a Retro Hugo Award for Best Short Story at the World Science Fiction Convention. In 1959, the satirical song "M.T.A." (informally known as "Charlie on the MTA") was a [single], as performed by the folksingers the Kingston Trio.
In 1958, the MTA purchased the Highland Branch from the Boston and Albany Railroad, reopening a year later as rapid transit line (now the Green Line D branch). While the operations of the MTA were relatively stable by the early 1960s, the privately operated commuter rail lines were in freefall.
Murtagh Vanessa Otero Betsy Taylor (Vice Chair) Monica Tibbits-Nutt ====MBTA Fiscal and Management Control Board==== Joseph Aiello (Chair) Monica Tibbits-Nutt (Vice Chair) Brian Lang Chrystal Kornegay ====General managers==== Thomas McLernon: 1960–1965 Rush B.
The MTA purchased and took over subway, elevated, streetcar, and bus operations from the Boston Elevated Railway in 1947. In the 1950s, the MTA ran new subway extensions, while the last two streetcar lines running into the Pleasant Street Portal of the Tremont Street Subway were substituted with buses in 1953 and 1962.
Between January 1963 and March 1964, the Mass Transportation Commission tested different fare and service levels on the B&M and New Haven systems.
Between January 1963 and March 1964, the Mass Transportation Commission tested different fare and service levels on the B&M and New Haven systems.
Determining that commuter rail operations were important but could not be financially self-sustaining, the MTC recommended an expansion of the MTA to commuter rail territory. On August 3, 1964, the MBTA succeeded the MTA, with an enlarged service area intended to subsidize continued commuter rail operations.
In 1964, the MBTA was formed to subsidize the failing suburban railroad operations, with an eye towards converting many to extensions of the existing rapid transit system.
Only two branch lines were abandoned after 1976: service on the Lexington Branch (also with only one round trip daily) was discontinued in January 1977 after a snowstorm blocked the line, while the Lowell Line's full-service Woburn Branch was eliminated in January 1981 due to poor track conditions. The MBTA assigned colors to its four rapid transit lines in 1965, and lettered the branches of the Green Line from north to south.
Lincoln Jr.: 1965–1967 Leo J.
Cusick: 1967–1970 Joseph C.
The A branch ceased operating entirely in 1969 and was replaced by the 57 bus, while the E branch was truncated from Arborway to Heath Street in 1985, with the section between Heath Street and Arborway being replaced by the 39 bus. The MBTA purchased bus routes in the outer suburbs to the north and south from the Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway in 1968.
The A branch ceased operating entirely in 1969 and was replaced by the 57 bus, while the E branch was truncated from Arborway to Heath Street in 1985, with the section between Heath Street and Arborway being replaced by the 39 bus. The MBTA purchased bus routes in the outer suburbs to the north and south from the Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway in 1968.
As with the commuter rail system, many of the outlying routes were dropped shortly before or after the takeover due to low ridership and high operating costs. In the 1970s, the MBTA received a boost from the Boston Transportation Planning Review area-wide re-evaluation of the role of mass transit relative to highways.
Kelly (acting): 1970 Joseph C.
Kelly: 1970–1975 Bob Kiley: 1975–1979 (as chairman/CEO) Robert Foster: 1979–1980 (as chairman/CEO) Barry Locke: 1980–1981 (as chairman/CEO) James O'Leary: 1981–1989 Thomas P.
Between 1971 and 1985, the Red Line was extended both north and south, providing not only additional subway system coverage, but also major parking structures at several of the terminal and intermediate stations. In 1981, seventeen people and one corporation were indicted for their roles in a number of kickback schemes at the MBTA.
The MBTA bought the Penn Central (New York Central and New Haven) commuter rail lines in January 1973, Penn Central equipment in April 1976, and all B&M commuter assets in December 1976; these purchases served to make the system state-owned with the private railroads retained solely as operators.
The first unified branding of the system was applied on October 8, 1974, with "MBTA Commuter Rail" naming and purple coloration analogous to the four subway lines.
The last elevated heavy rail or "El" segments in Boston were at the extremities of the Orange Line: its northern end was relocated in 1975 from Everett to Malden, MA, and its southern end was relocated into the Southwest Corridor in 1987.
Kelly: 1970–1975 Bob Kiley: 1975–1979 (as chairman/CEO) Robert Foster: 1979–1980 (as chairman/CEO) Barry Locke: 1980–1981 (as chairman/CEO) James O'Leary: 1981–1989 Thomas P.
The MBTA bought the Penn Central (New York Central and New Haven) commuter rail lines in January 1973, Penn Central equipment in April 1976, and all B&M commuter assets in December 1976; these purchases served to make the system state-owned with the private railroads retained solely as operators.
Only two branch lines were abandoned after 1976: service on the Lexington Branch (also with only one round trip daily) was discontinued in January 1977 after a snowstorm blocked the line, while the Lowell Line's full-service Woburn Branch was eliminated in January 1981 due to poor track conditions. The MBTA assigned colors to its four rapid transit lines in 1965, and lettered the branches of the Green Line from north to south.
Only two branch lines were abandoned after 1976: service on the Lexington Branch (also with only one round trip daily) was discontinued in January 1977 after a snowstorm blocked the line, while the Lowell Line's full-service Woburn Branch was eliminated in January 1981 due to poor track conditions. The MBTA assigned colors to its four rapid transit lines in 1965, and lettered the branches of the Green Line from north to south.
The system has been expanded since, with four lines restored (Fairmount Line in 1979, Old Colony Lines in 1997, and Greenbush Line in 2007), six extended., and a number of stations added and rebuilt. Several further expansions are planned or proposed.
Kelly: 1970–1975 Bob Kiley: 1975–1979 (as chairman/CEO) Robert Foster: 1979–1980 (as chairman/CEO) Barry Locke: 1980–1981 (as chairman/CEO) James O'Leary: 1981–1989 Thomas P.
Passengers pay for subway and bus rides at faregates in station entrances or fareboxes in the front of vehicles; MBTA employees manually check tickets on the commuter rail and ferries. Since the 1980s, the MBTA has offered discounted monthly passes on all modes for the convenience of daily commuters and other frequent riders.
Kelly: 1970–1975 Bob Kiley: 1975–1979 (as chairman/CEO) Robert Foster: 1979–1980 (as chairman/CEO) Barry Locke: 1980–1981 (as chairman/CEO) James O'Leary: 1981–1989 Thomas P.
Only two branch lines were abandoned after 1976: service on the Lexington Branch (also with only one round trip daily) was discontinued in January 1977 after a snowstorm blocked the line, while the Lowell Line's full-service Woburn Branch was eliminated in January 1981 due to poor track conditions. The MBTA assigned colors to its four rapid transit lines in 1965, and lettered the branches of the Green Line from north to south.
Between 1971 and 1985, the Red Line was extended both north and south, providing not only additional subway system coverage, but also major parking structures at several of the terminal and intermediate stations. In 1981, seventeen people and one corporation were indicted for their roles in a number of kickback schemes at the MBTA.
The system continued to shrink – mostly with the loss of marginal lines with one daily round trip – until 1981.
Kelly: 1970–1975 Bob Kiley: 1975–1979 (as chairman/CEO) Robert Foster: 1979–1980 (as chairman/CEO) Barry Locke: 1980–1981 (as chairman/CEO) James O'Leary: 1981–1989 Thomas P.
The A branch ceased operating entirely in 1969 and was replaced by the 57 bus, while the E branch was truncated from Arborway to Heath Street in 1985, with the section between Heath Street and Arborway being replaced by the 39 bus. The MBTA purchased bus routes in the outer suburbs to the north and south from the Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway in 1968.
Between 1971 and 1985, the Red Line was extended both north and south, providing not only additional subway system coverage, but also major parking structures at several of the terminal and intermediate stations. In 1981, seventeen people and one corporation were indicted for their roles in a number of kickback schemes at the MBTA.
The last elevated heavy rail or "El" segments in Boston were at the extremities of the Orange Line: its northern end was relocated in 1975 from Everett to Malden, MA, and its southern end was relocated into the Southwest Corridor in 1987.
The removal of elevated lines continued, and the closure of the Washington Street Elevated in 1987 brought the end of rapid transit service to the Roxbury neighborhood.
Since 1988, the MBTA has been the fastest expanding transit system in the country, even as Greater Boston has been one of the slowest growing metropolitan areas in the United States.
Glynn: 1989–1991 John J.
Haley Jr.: 1991–1995 Patrick Moynihan: 1995–1997 Robert H.
Haley Jr.: 1991–1995 Patrick Moynihan: 1995–1997 Robert H.
The system has been expanded since, with four lines restored (Fairmount Line in 1979, Old Colony Lines in 1997, and Greenbush Line in 2007), six extended., and a number of stations added and rebuilt. Several further expansions are planned or proposed.
Prince: 1997–2001 Michael H.
Massachusetts Secretary of Transportation and MBTA Chairman Barry Locke was convicted of five counts of bribery and sentenced to 7 to 10 years in prison. ===21st century=== By 1999, the district was expanded further to 175 cities and towns, adding most that were served by or adjacent to commuter rail lines, though the MBTA did not assume responsibility for local service in those communities adjacent to or served by commuter rail.
In 2016, the Town of Bourne voted to join the MBTA district, bringing the number of MBTA communities to 176. A turning point in funding occurred in 2000.
Prior to July 1, 2000, the MBTA was reimbursed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for all costs above revenue collected (net cost of service).
Additions to the rapid transit network occurred in most decades of the 1900s, and continue in the 2000s with the addition of Silver Line bus rapid transit and planned Green Line expansion.
In 2001, a half-century later, the narrative was awarded a Retro Hugo Award for Best Short Story at the World Science Fiction Convention. In 1959, the satirical song "M.T.A." (informally known as "Charlie on the MTA") was a [single], as performed by the folksingers the Kingston Trio.
The first segment began operations in 2002, replacing the 49 bus, which in turn replaced the Washington Street Elevated section of the Orange Line.
Two Washington Street routes start at Dudley Station in Roxbury and one terminates at Downtown Crossing on Temple Place (SL5-the 2002 route) and one to South Station on Essex Street (SL4) The "Waterfront" section opened at the end of 2004, and connects South Station to Logan Airport with route SL1 via Ted Williams Tunnel and South Boston (Design Center area) with route SL2.
Mulhern: 2002–2005 Daniel Grabauskas: 2005–2009 Richard A.
However, the Green Line's Causeway Street Elevated remained in service until 2004, when it was relocated into a tunnel with an incline to reconnect to the Lechmere Viaduct.
Two Washington Street routes start at Dudley Station in Roxbury and one terminates at Downtown Crossing on Temple Place (SL5-the 2002 route) and one to South Station on Essex Street (SL4) The "Waterfront" section opened at the end of 2004, and connects South Station to Logan Airport with route SL1 via Ted Williams Tunnel and South Boston (Design Center area) with route SL2.
The buses that run the Waterfront section are 2004-05 dual-mode buses, trackless trolley in the Silver Line tunnel and diesel outside.
Service to Logan Airport began in June 2005.
An article in The Eagle-Tribune claimed that Massachusetts was negotiating to buy property which has the potential to extend the Haverhill Line to Plaistow, New Hampshire. Massachusetts agreed in 2005 to make improvements on the Fairmount Line part of its legally binding commitment to mitigate increased air pollution from the Big Dig.
Mulhern: 2002–2005 Daniel Grabauskas: 2005–2009 Richard A.
The MBTA subsequently went into debt, and rates underwent an appreciable hike on January 1, 2007. In 2006, the creation of the MetroWest Regional Transit Authority saw several towns subtract their MWRTA assessment from their MBTA assessment, though the amount of funding the MBTA received remained the same.
In 2006 electronic fares replaced metal tokens, which had been used on and off on transit systems in Boston for over a century. Until 2007, not all subway fares were identical – passengers were not charged for boarding outbound Green Line trains at surface stops, while double fares were charged for the outer ends of the Green Line D branch and the Red Line Braintree Branch.
However, because of high cost, Massachusetts withdrew its sponsorship of the proposal in 2006, in communications with the United States Department of Transportation.
The song was still well known in 2006, when the MBTA named its new electronic farecards the "CharlieCard" and "CharlieTicket". ==See also== List of MBTA subway stations List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership MBTA v.
As of late 2019, average weekday ridership of the commuter rail system was 119,800, making it the sixth-busiest commuter rail system in the U.S. The MBTA is the largest consumer of electricity in Massachusetts, and the second-largest land owner (after the Department of Conservation and Recreation). In 2007, its CNG bus fleet was the largest consumer of alternative fuels in the state.
The MBTA subsequently went into debt, and rates underwent an appreciable hike on January 1, 2007. In 2006, the creation of the MetroWest Regional Transit Authority saw several towns subtract their MWRTA assessment from their MBTA assessment, though the amount of funding the MBTA received remained the same.
A full subway fare was charged, with free transfers to the subways downtown until January 1, 2007, when the fare system was revised to categorize the service as a "bus" for fare purposes.
The system has been expanded since, with four lines restored (Fairmount Line in 1979, Old Colony Lines in 1997, and Greenbush Line in 2007), six extended., and a number of stations added and rebuilt. Several further expansions are planned or proposed.
In 2006 electronic fares replaced metal tokens, which had been used on and off on transit systems in Boston for over a century. Until 2007, not all subway fares were identical – passengers were not charged for boarding outbound Green Line trains at surface stops, while double fares were charged for the outer ends of the Green Line D branch and the Red Line Braintree Branch.
As part of a general fare hike effective January 1, 2007, the MBTA eliminated these inconsistent fares. ====Subway and bus fare history==== ====Commuter Rail==== Commuter rail fares are on a zone-based system, with fares dependent on the distance from downtown.
The draft FY2009-2014 CIP allocates $3,795M, including $879M in projects funded from non-MBTA state sources (required for Clean Air Act compliance), and $299M in projects with one-time federal funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.
Federal funding has also been provided for preliminary planning of a new station in Pawtucket. In September 2009, CSX Transportation and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts finalized a $100 million agreement to purchase CSX's Framingham to Worcester tracks, as well as some other track, to improve service on the Framingham/Worcester Line.
Green Airport in 2010 and Wickford Junction in 2012.
Davey: 2010–2011 Jonathan Davis (interim): 2011–2012 Beverly A.
These improvements, including four new infill stations, were supposed to be complete by December 31, 2011.
Davey: 2010–2011 Jonathan Davis (interim): 2011–2012 Beverly A.
Green Airport in 2010 and Wickford Junction in 2012.
The 2012 contract with LAZ Parking (which was not its first) was terminated in 2017 after employees were discovered "skimming" revenue; the company paid $5.5 million to settle the case.
A substantial increase effective July 2012 raised public ire including an "Occupy the MBTA" protest.
Green Airport and Wickford Junction in Rhode Island opened in 2012.
Scott: 2012–2015 Frank DePaola (interim): 2015–2016 Brian Shortsleeve (acting): 2016–2017 Steve Poftak (interim): 2017–2017 Luis Manuel Ramírez: 2017–2018 Jeff Gonneville (interim): 2018–2018 Steve Poftak: 2019–present ===Employees and unions=== , the MBTA employs 6,346 workers, of which roughly 600 are in part-time jobs. Structurally, the employees of the MBTA function as part of a handful of trade unions.
on March 19, 2016. In 2018, the MBTA further tried "Early Morning and Late Night Bus Service Pilots". In June 2019, a year after the trials the board voted to make some changes to the schedule which would allow for further late night service to be incorporated long term ==Ridership== During Fiscal Year 2013, the entire MBTA system had a typical weekday passenger ridership of 1,297,650.
A transportation funding law passed in 2013 limits MBTA fare increases to 7% every two years.
The state Executive Office of Transportation promised to consider other transit enhancements in the Arborway corridor. ====Orange and Red Lines==== In October 2013, MassDOT announced plans for a $1.3 billion subway car order for the Orange and Red Lines, which would replace and expand the existing car fleets and add more frequent service.
(See History and Future plans sections.) In FY2005, there were on average 628,400 weekday boardings on the rapid transit and light rail lines (including the Silver Line Bus Rapid Transit), or 55.0% of the MBTA system. On January 29, 2014, the MBTA completed a countdown clock display system, alerting passengers to arriving trains, at all 53 heavy rail subway stations (the Red, Blue and Orange Lines).
The South Coast Rail project, for which preliminary construction began in 2014, would extend the Stoughton section of the Providence/Stoughton Line to Taunton, with two branches to New Bedford and Fall River.
The original settlement-imposed deadline was December 31, 2014.
In 2014, the MBTA announce it would purchase Diesel Multiple Unit (DMU) self-propelled rail cars for the Fairmount Line with eventual expansion to five other lines to be known as the Indigo Line.
The special advisory panel formed the previous February released its report in April 2015.
A new state law established the MBTA Fiscal and Management Control Board, effective July 17, 2015, with expanded powers to reform the agency during a five-year period.
The MBTA introduced countdown clocks in underground Green Line stations during 2015.
After projected costs increased to $3 billion, the project was halted in 2015 and scaled back.
Completion is expected in December 2015. The state of New Hampshire created the New Hampshire Rail Transit Authority and allocated money to build platforms at Nashua and Manchester.
The planned DMU procurement was canceled in 2015. No direct rail connection exists between North Station and South Station, effectively splitting the commuter rail network into separate pieces.
Advocacy groups continue to press for the project as a better alternative than expanding South Station, which would also be costly but provide fewer overall improvements in service. ==Management and administration== In 2015, Massachusetts Governor Charlie Baker signed new legislation creating a financial control board to oversee the MBTA.
The Fiscal and Management Control Board started meeting in July 2015 and is charged with bringing financial stability to the agency.
Scott: 2012–2015 Frank DePaola (interim): 2015–2016 Brian Shortsleeve (acting): 2016–2017 Steve Poftak (interim): 2017–2017 Luis Manuel Ramírez: 2017–2018 Jeff Gonneville (interim): 2018–2018 Steve Poftak: 2019–present ===Employees and unions=== , the MBTA employs 6,346 workers, of which roughly 600 are in part-time jobs. Structurally, the employees of the MBTA function as part of a handful of trade unions.
In 2016, the system averaged 1,277,200 passengers per weekday, of which heavy rail averaged 552,500 and the light-rail lines 226,500, making it the fourth-busiest subway system and the busiest light rail system in the United States.
In 2016, the Town of Bourne voted to join the MBTA district, bringing the number of MBTA communities to 176. A turning point in funding occurred in 2000.
In 2016, the system averaged 122,600 daily riders, making it the fourth-busiest commuter rail system in the nation. The MBTA commuter rail network was the first in the nation to offer free on-board Wi-Fi.
The two private service providers under contractual agreement with the MBTA for The Ride: Veterans Transportation LLC, and National Express Transit (NEXT). In September 2016, the MBTA announced that paratransit users would be able to get rides from Uber and Lyft.
The extended hours program has not been implemented on the MBTA commuter rail operations. In early 2016, the MBTA decided that Late-Night service would be canceled because of lack of funding.
The last night for late-night service was on March 19, 2016.
on March 19, 2016. In 2018, the MBTA further tried "Early Morning and Late Night Bus Service Pilots". In June 2019, a year after the trials the board voted to make some changes to the schedule which would allow for further late night service to be incorporated long term ==Ridership== During Fiscal Year 2013, the entire MBTA system had a typical weekday passenger ridership of 1,297,650.
Subsequent fare increases took place in 2024, 2016, and 2019. Several local politicians, including Boston City Council member Michelle Wu, Representative Ayanna Pressley, and Senator Edward J.
Scott: 2012–2015 Frank DePaola (interim): 2015–2016 Brian Shortsleeve (acting): 2016–2017 Steve Poftak (interim): 2017–2017 Luis Manuel Ramírez: 2017–2018 Jeff Gonneville (interim): 2018–2018 Steve Poftak: 2019–present ===Employees and unions=== , the MBTA employs 6,346 workers, of which roughly 600 are in part-time jobs. Structurally, the employees of the MBTA function as part of a handful of trade unions.
The Lechmere Viaduct and a short section of steel-framed elevated at its northern end remain in service, though the elevated section will be cut back slightly and connected to a northwards viaduct extension in 2017 as part of the Green Line Extension. ===Public enterprise=== The old elevated railways proved to be an eyesore and required several sharp curves in Boston's twisty streets.
Its term was extended by another year in 2020. Ground was broken for the $38.5 million renovation of Ruggles Station, in Roxbury, in August 2017.
The 2012 contract with LAZ Parking (which was not its first) was terminated in 2017 after employees were discovered "skimming" revenue; the company paid $5.5 million to settle the case.
Scott: 2012–2015 Frank DePaola (interim): 2015–2016 Brian Shortsleeve (acting): 2016–2017 Steve Poftak (interim): 2017–2017 Luis Manuel Ramírez: 2017–2018 Jeff Gonneville (interim): 2018–2018 Steve Poftak: 2019–present ===Employees and unions=== , the MBTA employs 6,346 workers, of which roughly 600 are in part-time jobs. Structurally, the employees of the MBTA function as part of a handful of trade unions.
In April 2018, the MBTA Silver Line began operating a route from Chelsea to South Station. A Red Line derailment that resulted in train delays for several months brought more attention to capital maintenance problems at the T.
A new service to Chelsea opened April 21, 2018 via the same tunnel that SL1 uses and stops at the Airport Station of the Blue Line.
on March 19, 2016. In 2018, the MBTA further tried "Early Morning and Late Night Bus Service Pilots". In June 2019, a year after the trials the board voted to make some changes to the schedule which would allow for further late night service to be incorporated long term ==Ridership== During Fiscal Year 2013, the entire MBTA system had a typical weekday passenger ridership of 1,297,650.
The revised project broke ground in June 2018 and is expected to serve passengers beginning in late 2021. Another mitigation project in the initial settlement was restoration of service on the E branch between Heath Street and Arborway/Forest Hills.
CNR began building the cars at a new manufacturing plant in Springfield, Massachusetts, with initial deliveries expected in 2018 and all cars in service by 2023.
Scott: 2012–2015 Frank DePaola (interim): 2015–2016 Brian Shortsleeve (acting): 2016–2017 Steve Poftak (interim): 2017–2017 Luis Manuel Ramírez: 2017–2018 Jeff Gonneville (interim): 2018–2018 Steve Poftak: 2019–present ===Employees and unions=== , the MBTA employs 6,346 workers, of which roughly 600 are in part-time jobs. Structurally, the employees of the MBTA function as part of a handful of trade unions.
As of late 2019, average weekday ridership of the commuter rail system was 119,800, making it the sixth-busiest commuter rail system in the U.S. The MBTA is the largest consumer of electricity in Massachusetts, and the second-largest land owner (after the Department of Conservation and Recreation). In 2007, its CNG bus fleet was the largest consumer of alternative fuels in the state.
This feature however is not new, since 2019 Google Maps has provided this data. ===Subway=== The subway system has three heavy rail rapid transit lines (the Red, Orange and Blue Lines), and two light rail lines (the Green Line and the Ashmont–Mattapan High-Speed Line, the latter designated an extension of the Red Line).
on March 19, 2016. In 2018, the MBTA further tried "Early Morning and Late Night Bus Service Pilots". In June 2019, a year after the trials the board voted to make some changes to the schedule which would allow for further late night service to be incorporated long term ==Ridership== During Fiscal Year 2013, the entire MBTA system had a typical weekday passenger ridership of 1,297,650.
Subsequent fare increases took place in 2024, 2016, and 2019. Several local politicians, including Boston City Council member Michelle Wu, Representative Ayanna Pressley, and Senator Edward J.
Scott: 2012–2015 Frank DePaola (interim): 2015–2016 Brian Shortsleeve (acting): 2016–2017 Steve Poftak (interim): 2017–2017 Luis Manuel Ramírez: 2017–2018 Jeff Gonneville (interim): 2018–2018 Steve Poftak: 2019–present ===Employees and unions=== , the MBTA employs 6,346 workers, of which roughly 600 are in part-time jobs. Structurally, the employees of the MBTA function as part of a handful of trade unions.
Its term was extended by another year in 2020. Ground was broken for the $38.5 million renovation of Ruggles Station, in Roxbury, in August 2017.
Another 4,400 boardings (0.38%) occurred on subsidized bus routes operated by private carriers. In June 2020 in the aftermath of COVID-19 pandemic, the MBTA had begun providing real-time information on crowding.
Changes would not be implemented right away, rather, they could slowly be introduced, with the earliest changes coming in January 2021 and other changes coming as late as summer 2021.
The revised project broke ground in June 2018 and is expected to serve passengers beginning in late 2021. Another mitigation project in the initial settlement was restoration of service on the E branch between Heath Street and Arborway/Forest Hills.
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