In 1824, the "New Kingdom of León" became the State of Nuevo León, and Monterrey was selected as its capital.
But the political instability that followed the first 50 years of the new country allowed two American invasions and an internal secession war, during which the governor of the state annexed Coahuila and Tamaulipas states, designating Monterrey as the capital of the Republic of the Sierra Madre as it did before in 1840 for the Republic of the Rio Grande. In 1846, the earliest large-scale engagement of the Mexican–American War took place in the city, known as the Battle of Monterrey.
But the political instability that followed the first 50 years of the new country allowed two American invasions and an internal secession war, during which the governor of the state annexed Coahuila and Tamaulipas states, designating Monterrey as the capital of the Republic of the Sierra Madre as it did before in 1840 for the Republic of the Rio Grande. In 1846, the earliest large-scale engagement of the Mexican–American War took place in the city, known as the Battle of Monterrey.
The brewery Cervecería Cuauthemoc, one of the milestone local enterprises, was founded in 1890.
A steel-producing company that accelerated the already fast industrialization of the city was founded in 1900 and became one of the world's biggest.
Mexico's steel industry is centered in Monterrey, where the country's first steel mills opened in 1903.
The team was formed May 20, 1939, as Carta Blanca (a local beer brand, owned by Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery which owned the team).
Soon, they became one of the most important teams in the league, winning its first championship in 1943.
Monterrey has been champion of the Little League World Series three times (1957, 1958 and 1997), and has been host of Major League Baseball games.
It was played at the Club Campestre in San Pedro Garza García, a suburb of Monterrey. In 2010, Monterrey hosted the International Ice Hockey Federation World U18 Championship at the Monterrey Ice Complex. Centauros Rugby Club Monterrey was founded in 2010 and is affiliated with the FMRU (Federacion Mexicana de Rugby). ===Contemporary music=== Since the 1960s, Monterrey has been known for "Norteño" music.
Snow is a very rare event, although an accumulation of in 8 hours occurred in January 1967.
It also holds a "QS Stars Rated for Excellence" of 5 stars. The Universidad Regiomontana was founded in 1969 with the support of local leading multinational corporations such as Cemex, Alfa, Femsa, Gamesa, Protexa and CYDSA.
In 1986, Monterrey hosted several games of the 1986 FIFA World Cup. In 1988, Hurricane Gilbert caused great damage to the city; the Santa Catarina River overflowed, causing about 100 deaths and economic damage. The city has hosted international events such as the 2002 United Nations Conference on Financing for Development with the participation of more than 50 heads of state and government, as well as other ministers and senior delegates from over 150 countries.
The city hosted 8 matches during the 1986 FIFA World Cup. UANL's women's team defeated Monterrey's women's on penalty kicks to win the Clausura 2018 final for the Primera División Femenil de México in May 2018. In addition, two professional indoor soccer teams were hosted in the past, the Monterrey La Raza, members of the Continental Indoor Soccer League and World Indoor Soccer League and the Monterrey Fury, members of the Major Indoor Soccer League.
In 1986, Monterrey hosted several games of the 1986 FIFA World Cup. In 1988, Hurricane Gilbert caused great damage to the city; the Santa Catarina River overflowed, causing about 100 deaths and economic damage. The city has hosted international events such as the 2002 United Nations Conference on Financing for Development with the participation of more than 50 heads of state and government, as well as other ministers and senior delegates from over 150 countries.
This was about 3–4 times as much rain as Hurricane Gilbert produced in the city on September 15, 1988.
The activity started developing in the city in the late 1990s due to American influence.
It is a professional women's tennis tournament affiliated with the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), and is part of the International tournaments on the WTA Tour. The Monterrey Open was also a golf tournament on the U.S.-based second tier professional Nike Tour, later named the Nationwide Tour and the Korn Ferry Tour, from 1993 to 2001.
By the end of the same year, there were more than 13,000 manufacturing companies, 55,000 retail stores, and more than 52,000 service firms in Monterrey. The metals sector, dominated by iron and steel, accounted for 6 percent of manufacturing GNP in 1994.
Smith. ===Landmarks=== The Santa Lucía artificial river, built between 1996 and 2007.
Monterrey has been champion of the Little League World Series three times (1957, 1958 and 1997), and has been host of Major League Baseball games.
The city was rated by Fortune magazine in 1999 as the best city in Latin America for business and is currently ranked third best by the América Economía magazine. The city has prominent positions in sectors such as steel, cement, glass, auto parts, and brewing.
In December 2001 it was accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) to deliver bachelor and master level educational programs. Monterrey also practices Model United Nations.
It is a professional women's tennis tournament affiliated with the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), and is part of the International tournaments on the WTA Tour. The Monterrey Open was also a golf tournament on the U.S.-based second tier professional Nike Tour, later named the Nationwide Tour and the Korn Ferry Tour, from 1993 to 2001.
In 1986, Monterrey hosted several games of the 1986 FIFA World Cup. In 1988, Hurricane Gilbert caused great damage to the city; the Santa Catarina River overflowed, causing about 100 deaths and economic damage. The city has hosted international events such as the 2002 United Nations Conference on Financing for Development with the participation of more than 50 heads of state and government, as well as other ministers and senior delegates from over 150 countries.
In 2003, the city unsuccessfully attempted to buy (and relocate to Monterrey) the Montreal Expos franchise of the Major League Baseball. There are two professional basketball teams: Fuerza Regia that plays in the national league, Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional, and the Monterrey Venom that plays in the minor league American Basketball Association.
In 2004, the OAS Special Summit of the Americas was attended by almost all the presidents of the Americas. In 2007, Monterrey held the Universal Forum of Cultures, with four million visitors.
In 2005, of an estimated 983,359 inhabitants above 6 years of age, 36,689 were illiterate. In 2005, the city had 72 public libraries, with 298,207 books available, serving an estimated 478,047 readers. The Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (Autonomous University of Nuevo León, UANL) is the third-largest Mexican university and is ranked by the Reader's Digest-AC Nielsen Survey 2005 as the top public university in northeast Mexico.
The song "Los Oxidados" by Plastilina Mosh opened the 2005 movie Mr.
In 2004, the OAS Special Summit of the Americas was attended by almost all the presidents of the Americas. In 2007, Monterrey held the Universal Forum of Cultures, with four million visitors.
and a BRT called Ecovía. The city is served by two international airports: General Mariano Escobedo International Airport (served by major international carriers and moving more than 6.5 million passengers in 2007) and Del Norte International Airport, a primarily private airport. Monterrey is linked through frequent non-stop flights to many Mexican cities and to key United States hubs (Atlanta, Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Detroit, Houston-Intercontinental, JFK/New York, and Las Vegas).
The city was awarded another franchise to begin play in the fall of 2007 in the MISL. Baseball has a long history in the city, where it became the most popular sport during the early 20th century.
Smith. ===Landmarks=== The Santa Lucía artificial river, built between 1996 and 2007.
In 2008, Monterrey held the FINA World Junior Championships. In 2010, Monterrey was hit by another damaging storm, Hurricane Alex which was considered worse than Hurricane Gilbert, with record-breaking rain bringing floods and causing severe economic damage.
But since 2008 it has experienced violence related to turf battles between warring drug cartels.
In particular there is international-level rock-climbing places like la Huasteca, Potrero Chico and many other canyons. Starting 2009 the Monterrey Open has been held at Monterrey.
In 2009 the Mexican Olympic Committee gave the bid to Guadalajara which later on withdrew the bid late January 2010.
In 2008, Monterrey held the FINA World Junior Championships. In 2010, Monterrey was hit by another damaging storm, Hurricane Alex which was considered worse than Hurricane Gilbert, with record-breaking rain bringing floods and causing severe economic damage.
The city's GDP per capita in 2010 was 607,042 Mexican pesos or $46,634 US dollars.
It was played at the Club Campestre in San Pedro Garza García, a suburb of Monterrey. In 2010, Monterrey hosted the International Ice Hockey Federation World U18 Championship at the Monterrey Ice Complex. Centauros Rugby Club Monterrey was founded in 2010 and is affiliated with the FMRU (Federacion Mexicana de Rugby). ===Contemporary music=== Since the 1960s, Monterrey has been known for "Norteño" music.
In 2009 the Mexican Olympic Committee gave the bid to Guadalajara which later on withdrew the bid late January 2010.
Recently, the Nuevo León Development Plan 2030 was presented, along with some other metropolitan projects. In August 2011 the city was the scene of a terror attack on a casino, in which more than 50 people were killed. ==Governance== Monterrey and its metropolitan area are municipalities governed by a democratically elected Presidente Municipal (Municipal President), or mayor, for a period of three years.
The year 2011 was the most violent in history.
Since the 2011 attack on the Casino Royale, security has been reinforced by military and federal police. ==Geography== The city of Monterrey is above sea level in the northeastern state of Nuevo León.
In April and May 2011 temperatures reached or higher, causing fires and extreme heat.
Its medical school is considered one of the most advanced in Latin America. Monterrey is also the headquarters of the Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies), which ranked #291 at the 2013 QS World University Rankings in Engineering and Information Technology, #201 in Social Sciences and #279 overall.
It was scheduled to be finished by 2014, named "Estadio de Fútbol Monterrey", but was inaugurated on August 2, 2015, in a match with the Benfica FC.
It was scheduled to be finished by 2014, named "Estadio de Fútbol Monterrey", but was inaugurated on August 2, 2015, in a match with the Benfica FC.
Monterrey is one of the most livable cities in Mexico, and a 2018 study found that suburb San Pedro Garza García is the city with the best quality of life in Mexico.
The city hosted 8 matches during the 1986 FIFA World Cup. UANL's women's team defeated Monterrey's women's on penalty kicks to win the Clausura 2018 final for the Primera División Femenil de México in May 2018. In addition, two professional indoor soccer teams were hosted in the past, the Monterrey La Raza, members of the Continental Indoor Soccer League and World Indoor Soccer League and the Monterrey Fury, members of the Major Indoor Soccer League.
In 2019 cartels were still fighting for control of the city, potentially making Monterrey dangerous. There are two police departments in the city, the Police of the City of Monterrey (locally known as the Policía Regia), dependent on the municipal government, and the State Public Safety.
The city is anchor to the Monterrey metropolitan area, the second most productive in Mexico with a GDP (PPP) of US$123 billion, and the second largest metropolitan area in Mexico with an estimated population of 5,341,171 people as of 2020.
According to the 2020 census, the city itself has a population of 1,142,194.
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