Tui-toga, who reigned from 1875 to 1887, was the first Christian king. The first Europeans to sight Niue sailed under Captain James Cook in 1774.
Compared to other Polynesian islands, Niue has sparse documentation for what plants were traditionally found on the island (almost no records are found between the documentation by James Cook's crew in 1774, and Truman G.
The first on record was the Fanny in February 1824.
Peniamina returned in 1846 on the John Williams as a missionary with the help of Toimata Fakafitifonua.
The chiefs of Mutalau village allowed him to land and assigned over 60 warriors to protect him day and night at the fort in Fupiu. In July 1849 Captain John Erskine visited the island in HMS Havannah. Christianity was first taught to the Mutalau people before it spread to all the villages.
Tui-toga, who reigned from 1875 to 1887, was the first Christian king. The first Europeans to sight Niue sailed under Captain James Cook in 1774.
Tui-toga, who reigned from 1875 to 1887, was the first Christian king. The first Europeans to sight Niue sailed under Captain James Cook in 1774.
The people from the village of Hakupu, although the last village to receive Christianity, came and asked for a "word of God"; hence, their village was renamed "Ha Kupu Atua" meaning "any word of God", or "Hakupu" for short. In 1889 the chiefs and rulers of Niue, in a letter to Queen Victoria, asked her "to stretch out towards us your mighty hand, that Niue may hide herself in it and be safe".
The last known whaler to visit was the Albatross in November 1899. The next notable European visitors represented the London Missionary Society; they arrived on the Messenger of Peace.
In 1900 a petition by the Cook Islanders asking for annexation included Niue "if possible".
In a document dated 19 October 1900, the "King" and Chiefs of Niue consented to "Queen Victoria taking possession of this island".
Niue was brought within the boundaries of New Zealand on 11 June 1901 by the same Order and Proclamation as the Cook Islands.
(1926) – History and Traditions of Niue. Painter, Margaret and Kalaisi Folau (2000) – Tagi Tote e Loto Haaku, My Heart Is Crying a Little: Niue Island Involvement in the Great War, 1914–1918. Smith, Percy – Niue-fekai (or Savage) Island and its People. Sperlich, Wolfgang B.
Yuncker's botanical survey of the island in 1940). The Huvalu Forest Conservation Area is a 5,400 ha site on the eastern side of the island.
This case was settled out of court in July 2008, both sides withdrawing their claims. ===Revenue=== Remittances from expatriates were a major source of foreign exchange in the 1970s and early 1980s.
Coconut meat, passionfruit and limes dominated exports in the 1970s, but in 2008 vanilla, noni and taro were the main export crops. Most families grow their own food crops for subsistence and sell their surplus at the Niue Makete in Alofi, or export to their families in New Zealand. Coconut crab, or uga, is also part of the food chain; it lives in the forest and coastal areas. In 2003, the government made a commitment to develop and expand vanilla production with the support of NZAID.
The Order limited the islands to which it related by reference to an area in the Pacific described by co-ordinates, and Niue, at 19.02 S., 169.55 W, lies within that area. The New Zealand Parliament restored self-government in Niue with the 1974 constitution, following a referendum in 1974 in which Niueans had three options: independence, self-government or continuation as a New Zealand territory.
General elections take place every three years, most recently on 30 May 2020. The judiciary, independent of the executive and the legislature, includes a High Court and a Court of Appeal, with appeals to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London. ===Defence and foreign affairs=== Niue has operated as a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand since 3 September 1974, when the people endorsed the Constitution in a plebiscite.
Niue has been a member of the Pacific Community since 1980. Niue is subdivided into 14 villages (municipalities).
This case was settled out of court in July 2008, both sides withdrawing their claims. ===Revenue=== Remittances from expatriates were a major source of foreign exchange in the 1970s and early 1980s.
Premier Toke Talagi said Niue managed to pay off US$4 million of debt and had "no interest" in borrowing again, particularly from huge powers such as China. ==Information technology== The first computers were Apple machines brought in by the University of the South Pacific Extension Centre around the early 1980s.
(1976) – The Decolonisation of Niue. Hekau, Maihetoe & al., Niue: A History of the Island, Suva: Institute of Pacific Studies (USP) & the government of Niue, 1982 [no ISBN] Loeb, Edwin M.
The Treasury Department computerised its general ledger in 1986 using NEC personal computers that were IBM PC XT compatible.
The Census of Households and Population in 1986 was the first to be processed using a personal computer with the assistance of David Marshall, FAO Adviser on Agricultural Statistics, advising UNFPA Demographer Dr Lawrence Lewis and Niue Government Statistician Bill Vakaafi Motufoou to switch from using manual tabulation cards.
In 1987 Statistics Niue got its new personal computer NEC PC AT use for processing the 1986 census data; personnel were sent on training in Japan and New Zealand to use the new computer.
In 1987 Statistics Niue got its new personal computer NEC PC AT use for processing the 1986 census data; personnel were sent on training in Japan and New Zealand to use the new computer.
The first Computer Policy was developed and adopted in 1988.
At the moment, the focus is in the areas of harvesting and marketing. The last agricultural census was in 1989. ===Tourism=== Tourism is one of the three priority economic sectors (the other two are fisheries and agriculture) for economic development.
In the late 1990s, PFTAC conducted studies on the balance of payments, which confirmed that Niueans are receiving few remittances but are sending more money overseas. Foreign aid Foreign aid has been Niue's principal source of income.
In the early 1990s Niue International Airport was served by a local airline, Niue Airlines, but it closed in 1992. There is a tourism development strategy to increase the number of rooms available to tourists at a sustainable level.
It was established in 1992 and protects the largest area of primary forest in Niue.
In the early 1990s Niue International Airport was served by a local airline, Niue Airlines, but it closed in 1992. There is a tourism development strategy to increase the number of rooms available to tourists at a sustainable level.
The country became a member state of UNESCO on 26 October 1993. Traditionally, Niue's foreign relations and defence have been regarded as the responsibility of New Zealand.
Tax on secondary income has been lowered from 35% to 10%, with the stated goal of fostering increased labour productivity. Internet In 1997, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), under contract with the US Department of Commerce, assigned the Internet Users Society-Niue (IUS-N), a private nonprofit, as manager of the .nu top-level domain on the Internet.
In a letter to ICANN in 2007, IUS-N's independent auditors reported IUS-N had invested US$3 million for Internet services in Niue between 1999 and 2005 from .nu domain name registration revenue during that period.
In 1999, IUS-N and the Government of Niue signed an agreement whereby the Government recognised that IUS-N managed the .nu ccTLD under IANA's authority and IUS-N committed to provide free Internet services to government departments as well as to Niue's private citizens.
The only Niuean political party to have ever existed, the Niue People's Party (1987–2003), won once (in 2002) before disbanding the following year. The Legislative Assembly elects a Speaker as its first official in the first sitting of the Assembly following an election.
In 2002 Niue reported skin cancer deaths at a rate of 2,482 per 100,000 people – far higher than any other country. Niue is separated from New Zealand by the International Date Line.
A small and democratic nation, Niueans hold legislative elections every three years. The Niue Integrated Strategic Plan (NISP), adopted in 2003, is the national development plan, setting national priorities for development in areas such as financial sustainability.
Its gross domestic product (GDP) was NZ$17 million in 2003, or US$10 million at purchasing power parity.
The Fonuakula Industrial Park is managed by the Niue Chamber of Commerce, a not-for-profit organisation providing advisory services to businesses. Joint ventures The government and the Reef Group from New Zealand started two joint ventures in 2003 and 2004 to develop fisheries and a 120-hectare noni juice operation.
Starting in 2003, IUS-N began installing Wi-Fi connections throughout the capital village of Alofi and in several nearby villages and schools, and has been expanding Wi-Fi coverage into the outer villages since then, making Niue the first Wi-Fi nation.
Coconut meat, passionfruit and limes dominated exports in the 1970s, but in 2008 vanilla, noni and taro were the main export crops. Most families grow their own food crops for subsistence and sell their surplus at the Niue Makete in Alofi, or export to their families in New Zealand. Coconut crab, or uga, is also part of the food chain; it lives in the forest and coastal areas. In 2003, the government made a commitment to develop and expand vanilla production with the support of NZAID.
In 2003, Niue became the first country in the world to provide state-funded wireless internet to all inhabitants. In August 2008 it has been reported that all school students have what is known as the OLPC XO-1, a specialised laptop by the One Laptop per Child project designed for children in the developing world.
In January 2004, Niue was hit by Cyclone Heta, which caused extensive damage to the island, including wiping out most of South Alofi.
The Fonuakula Industrial Park is managed by the Niue Chamber of Commerce, a not-for-profit organisation providing advisory services to businesses. Joint ventures The government and the Reef Group from New Zealand started two joint ventures in 2003 and 2004 to develop fisheries and a 120-hectare noni juice operation.
NFP operates out of a state-of-the-art fish plant in Amanau Alofi South, completed and opened in October 2004. Trade Niue is negotiating free trade agreements with other Pacific countries, PICTA Trade in Services (PICTA TIS), Economic Partnership Agreements with the European Union, and PACERPlus with Australia and New Zealand.
Despite the setback caused by the devastating Cyclone Heta in early 2004, work on vanilla production continues.
The Office of the Chief Trade Adviser (OCTA) has been set up to assist Niue and other Pacific countries in the negotiation of the PACERPlus. Mining In August 2005, an Australian mining company, Yamarna Goldfields, suggested that Niue might have the world's largest deposit of uranium.
In a letter to ICANN in 2007, IUS-N's independent auditors reported IUS-N had invested US$3 million for Internet services in Niue between 1999 and 2005 from .nu domain name registration revenue during that period.
In 2005, a Government-appointed Commission of Inquiry into the dispute released its report, which found no merit in the government's claims; the government subsequently dismissed the claims in 2007.
In 2005, he co-wrote Hiapo: Past and Present in Niuean Barkcloth, a study of a traditional Niuean artform, with Australian writer and anthropologist Nicholas Thomas. Taoga Niue is a new Government Department responsible for the preservation of culture, tradition and heritage.
In 2006, estimated visitor expenditure reached (equivalent to about $M in ) making tourism a major industry for Niue.
It established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China on 12 December 2007.
The Australian Securities and Investments Commission filed charges in January 2007 against two directors of the company, now called Mining Projects Group Ltd, alleging that their conduct had been deceptive and that they engaged in insider trading.
In a letter to ICANN in 2007, IUS-N's independent auditors reported IUS-N had invested US$3 million for Internet services in Niue between 1999 and 2005 from .nu domain name registration revenue during that period.
In 2005, a Government-appointed Commission of Inquiry into the dispute released its report, which found no merit in the government's claims; the government subsequently dismissed the claims in 2007.
In 2008, Niue had yet to fully recover.
This case was settled out of court in July 2008, both sides withdrawing their claims. ===Revenue=== Remittances from expatriates were a major source of foreign exchange in the 1970s and early 1980s.
Coconut meat, passionfruit and limes dominated exports in the 1970s, but in 2008 vanilla, noni and taro were the main export crops. Most families grow their own food crops for subsistence and sell their surplus at the Niue Makete in Alofi, or export to their families in New Zealand. Coconut crab, or uga, is also part of the food chain; it lives in the forest and coastal areas. In 2003, the government made a commitment to develop and expand vanilla production with the support of NZAID.
In 2003, Niue became the first country in the world to provide state-funded wireless internet to all inhabitants. In August 2008 it has been reported that all school students have what is known as the OLPC XO-1, a specialised laptop by the One Laptop per Child project designed for children in the developing world.
Rugby union is the most popular sport, played by both men and women; Niue was the 2008 FORU Oceania Cup champions.
The Niue Island Organic Farmers Association is currently paving way to a Multilateral Environmental Agreement (MEA) committed to making Niue the world's first fully organic nation by 2020. In July 2009 a solar panel system was installed, injecting about 50 kW into the Niue national power grid.
The Niue Legislative Assembly passed the Niue Consumption Tax Act in the first week of February 2009, and the 12.5% tax on goods and services was expected to take effect on 1 April 2009.
In its newsletter of 14 July 2011, the ISO acknowledged that this was a mistake and the words "the Republic of" were deleted from the ISO list of country names. ==Geography== Niue is a raised coral atoll in the southern Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga.
Niue was also a location of tests for the OpenBTS project, which aims to deliver low-cost GSM base stations built with open source software. In July 2011, Telecom Niue launched pre-paid mobile services (Voice/EDGE – 2.5G) as Rokcell Mobile based on the commercial GSM product of vendor Lemko.
New Zealand "acknowledged" China's position on Taiwan but has never expressly agreed with it, but Niue "recognises that there is only one China in the world, the Government of the People's Republic of China is the sole legal government representing the whole of China and Taiwan is an inalienable part of the territory of China." Niue established diplomatic relations with India on 30 August 2012.
Niue Rugby League have only started making strides within the international arena since their first ever test match against Vanuatu, going down 22–20 in 2013.
On 10 June 2014 the Government of Niue announced that Niue had established diplomatic relations with Turkey.
In 2014 two additional solar power installations were added to the Niue national power grid, one funded under PALM5 of Japan is located outside of the Tuila power station – so far only this has battery storage, the other under European Union funding is located opposite the Niue International Airport Terminal. ===Flora and fauna=== Niue is part of the Tongan tropical moist forests terrestrial ecoregion.
New Zealand businessman Earl Hagaman, founder of Scenic Hotel Group, was awarded a contract in 2014 to manage the Matavai Resort in Niue after he made a $101,000 political donation to the New Zealand National Party, which at that time led a minority government in New Zealand.
On 4 October 2014, the Niue rugby league team record their first ever international test match win defeating the Philippines 36–22.
In 2015 New Zealand announced $7.5m in additional funding for expansion of the resort.
In May 2015, Niue Rugby League recorded their second international test match win against the South African Rugby League side, 48–4.
Niue's land area is about and its population, predominantly Polynesian, was about 1,600 in 2016.
Niue's GDP has increased to US$24.9 million in 2016.
Mooring buoys are attached to seine floats that support the mooring lines away from seabed obstructions. ===Debt=== On 27 October 2016, Niue officially declared that all its national debt was paid off.
The Constitution specifies that everyday practice involves the exercise of sovereignty by Cabinet, composed of the Premier (currently Dalton Tagelagi since 11 June 2020) and of three other ministers.
General elections take place every three years, most recently on 30 May 2020. The judiciary, independent of the executive and the legislature, includes a High Court and a Court of Appeal, with appeals to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London. ===Defence and foreign affairs=== Niue has operated as a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand since 3 September 1974, when the people endorsed the Constitution in a plebiscite.
The Niue Island Organic Farmers Association is currently paving way to a Multilateral Environmental Agreement (MEA) committed to making Niue the world's first fully organic nation by 2020. In July 2009 a solar panel system was installed, injecting about 50 kW into the Niue national power grid.
McCully denied any link between the donation, the foreign aid and the contractor selection. ====Astronomy and star-gazing==== Niue became the world's first dark sky country in March 2020.
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