Specifically, it is an Islamist separatist group based in and around the southern islands of the Republic of the Philippines, primarily Jolo, Basilan, and Mindanao. Since inception in the early 1990s, the group has carried out bombings, assassinations, kidnappings, and extortion in their fight for an independent Islamic state in western Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago.
government on Operation Enduring Freedom has exceeded $150 billion. The operation continues, with military direction mostly coming from United States Central Command. ==Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)== ===The Taliban=== Seizing upon a power vacuum after the Soviets withdrew from Afghanistan after their invasion, the Taliban governed Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001.
They drew further criticism when they destroyed the Buddhas of Bamyan, historical statues nearly 1,500 years old, because the Buddhas were considered idols. In 1996, Saudi dissident Osama bin Laden moved to Afghanistan upon the invitation of the Northern Alliance leader Abdur Rabb ur Rasool Sayyaf.
It is understood that al-Qaeda-trained fighters known as the 055 Brigade were integrated with the Taliban army between 1997 and 2001.
On 7 October 2001, in response to the September 11 attacks, President George W.
OEF is also affiliated with counter-terrorism operations in other countries targeting Al Qaeda and remnants of the Taliban, such as OEF-Philippines and OEF-Trans Sahara, primarily through government funding vehicles. Operation Enduring Freedom – (OEF), 7 October 2001 – 31 December 2014.
government used the term "Operation Enduring Freedom" to officially describe the War in Afghanistan, from the period between 7 October 2001 and 31 December 2014.
In September 2001, U.S.
Bush's remark that "this crusade, this war on terrorism, is going to take a while", which prompted widespread criticism from the Islamic world, may also have contributed to the renaming of the operation. The term "OEF" typically refers to the phase of the War in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2014.
The two operations ran in parallel, although it had been suggested that they merge. ==Overview== In response to the attacks of 11 September, the early combat operations that took place on 7 October 2001 to include a mix of strikes from land-based B-1 Lancer, B-2 Spirit and B-52 Stratofortress bombers, carrier-based F-14 Tomcat and F/A-18 Hornet fighters, and Tomahawk cruise missiles launched from both U.S.
The humanitarian aspect involves building schools, clinics and water wells to enforce the confidence of the local people. Since 2001, the cumulative expenditure by the U.S.
government on Operation Enduring Freedom has exceeded $150 billion. The operation continues, with military direction mostly coming from United States Central Command. ==Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)== ===The Taliban=== Seizing upon a power vacuum after the Soviets withdrew from Afghanistan after their invasion, the Taliban governed Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001.
It is understood that al-Qaeda-trained fighters known as the 055 Brigade were integrated with the Taliban army between 1997 and 2001.
It has been suggested that the Taliban and bin Laden had very close connections. ===U.S.-led coalition action=== On 20 September 2001, the U.S.
stated that Osama bin Laden was behind the 11 September attacks in 2001.
On 7 October 2001, the Taliban proposed to try bin Laden in Afghanistan in an Islamic court.
Meanwhile, in November 2001 the U.S.
military and its allied forces established their first ground base in Afghanistan to the south west of Kandahar, known as FOB Rhino. The Battle of Tora Bora, involving U.S., British and Northern Alliance forces took place in December 2001 to further destroy the Taliban and suspected al-Qaeda in Afghanistan.
The United States military also conducts military operations separate from NATO as part of Operation Enduring Freedom in other parts of Afghanistan, in areas such as Kandahar, Bagram, and Kabul (including Camp Eggers and Camp Phoenix.) ===International support=== The United States was supported by several nations during Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) in Afghanistan in 2001–2003 and in subsequent coalition operations directly or indirectly in support of OEF.
However, success in quelling the Taliban insurgency since the 2001 invasion has been mixed.
action=== "Operation Enduring Freedom" 7 October 2001 – 28 December 2014 Casualties U.S.
The operation consisted of training the AFP in counter-terrorist operations as well as supporting the local people with humanitarian aid in Operation Smiles. In October 2002, the Combined Task Force 150 and United States military Special Forces established themselves in Djibouti at Camp Lemonnier.
In early March 2002 the United States military, along with allied Afghan military forces, conducted a large operation to destroy al-Qaeda in an operation code-named Operation Anaconda. The operation was carried out by elements of the United States 10th Mountain Division, 101st Airborne Division, the U.S.
forces throughout the summer of 2002, the remnants of the Taliban gradually began to regain their confidence.
Also, it is suspected of carrying out the Bali car bombing on 12 October 2002, in which suicide bombers attacked a nightclub killing 202 people and wounding many more.
Actions=== In January 2002, 1,200 Members of United States Special Operations Command, Pacific (SOCPAC) were deployed to the Philippines to assist the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) in uprooting al-Qaeda, Jemaah Islamiyah and Abu Sayyaf.
In October 2002, the Combined Joint Task Force, Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) was established at Djibouti at Camp Lemonnier, taking over responsibilities from the CJSOTF.
Since 2003, the U.S.
Many believe the Taliban cannot be defeated as long as it has sanctuary in neighboring Pakistan and that Operation Enduring Freedom has transformed into a continuing full-fledged war with no end in sight. On 9 October 2004, Afghanistan elected Hamid Karzai president in its first direct elections.
Forces in Afghanistan by U.S.-based human rights group Human Rights Watch in 2004.
Jemaah Islamiyah is also suspected of carrying out the Zamboanga bombings, the Metro Manila bombings, the 2004 Australian embassy bombing and the 2005 Bali terrorist bombing. ===U.S.
The following year, Afghans conducted the 2005 Afghan parliamentary election on 18 September.
Jemaah Islamiyah is also suspected of carrying out the Zamboanga bombings, the Metro Manila bombings, the 2004 Australian embassy bombing and the 2005 Bali terrorist bombing. ===U.S.
Coalition: 3,486 Dead Taliban/Al-Qaeda:25,500–40,500 Dead Anti-piracy operations were undertaken by the coalition throughout 2006 with a battle fought in March when US vessels were attacked by pirates.
In January 2007, during the war in Somalia, an AC-130 airstrike was conducted against al-Qaeda members embedded with forces of the Islamic Courts Union (ICU) operating in southern Somalia near Ras Kamboni.
Actions against pirates also occurred in June and October 2007 with varying amounts of success. "Operation Resolute Support/Freedom's Sentinel" 1 January 2015 – Present Casualties U.S.
Operation Enduring Freedom primarily refers to the War in Afghanistan, but it is also affiliated with counterterrorism operations in other countries, such as OEF-Philippines and OEF-Trans Sahara. After 13 years, on 28 December 2014, President Barack Obama announced the end of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan.
OEF is also affiliated with counter-terrorism operations in other countries targeting Al Qaeda and remnants of the Taliban, such as OEF-Philippines and OEF-Trans Sahara, primarily through government funding vehicles. Operation Enduring Freedom – (OEF), 7 October 2001 – 31 December 2014.
government used the term "Operation Enduring Freedom" to officially describe the War in Afghanistan, from the period between 7 October 2001 and 31 December 2014.
Bush's remark that "this crusade, this war on terrorism, is going to take a while", which prompted widespread criticism from the Islamic world, may also have contributed to the renaming of the operation. The term "OEF" typically refers to the phase of the War in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2014.
action=== "Operation Enduring Freedom" 7 October 2001 – 28 December 2014 Casualties U.S.
Actions against pirates also occurred in June and October 2007 with varying amounts of success. "Operation Resolute Support/Freedom's Sentinel" 1 January 2015 – Present Casualties U.S.
Coalition: 1 January 2015 – Present | 70 Dead* – Subject to change Taliban/Al-Qaeda: Effective 1 January 2015, Secretary of Defense Hagel announced that the new U.S.
Military also conducts operations targeting Al-Qaeda-linked fighters in Somalia, these operations had reportedly killed between 113 and 136 militants by early 2016.
On 7 March 2016, a further 150 were killed in U.S.
troops to remain in Afghanistan past 2016".
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