THREAD option." :* ASSIGN 1860 TO IGOTTAGOGO TO IGOTTAGO :::One enhancement, which adds built-in documentation, isGO TO IGOTTAGO (1860, 1914, 1939) :::::(which restricts the variable's value to "one of the labels in the list.") GO TO ...
THREAD option." :* ASSIGN 1860 TO IGOTTAGOGO TO IGOTTAGO :::One enhancement, which adds built-in documentation, isGO TO IGOTTAGO (1860, 1914, 1939) :::::(which restricts the variable's value to "one of the labels in the list.") GO TO ...
THREAD option." :* ASSIGN 1860 TO IGOTTAGOGO TO IGOTTAGO :::One enhancement, which adds built-in documentation, isGO TO IGOTTAGO (1860, 1914, 1939) :::::(which restricts the variable's value to "one of the labels in the list.") GO TO ...
based on a variable's subscript-like value. :* GO TO (1914, 1939, 2140), MYCHOICE :* GO TO para_One para_Two para_Three DEPENDING ON IDECIDE. PL/I has statement label variables (with the LABEL attribute), which can store the value of a statement label, and later be used in a GOTO statement. LABL1: .... . . LABL2: ... . . . MY_DEST = LABL1; . GO TO MY_DEST; GO TO HERE(LUCKY_NUMBER); /* minus 1, zero, or ...
The language syntax is English-like and suited for describing complex data formats with a wide set of functions available to verify and manipulate them. ==Early history== In the 1950s and early 1960s, business and scientific users programmed for different computer hardware using different programming languages.
It has been used by academic, commercial and industrial organizations since it was introduced in the 1960s, and is still used. PL/I's main domains are data processing, numerical computation, scientific computing, and system programming.
The language syntax is English-like and suited for describing complex data formats with a wide set of functions available to verify and manipulate them. ==Early history== In the 1950s and early 1960s, business and scientific users programmed for different computer hardware using different programming languages.
It was shipped within a year of PL/I F. ===Multics PL/I and derivatives=== Compilers were implemented by several groups in the early 1960s.
Digital later sold the compiler to a third party, who marketed the compiler as Kednos PL/I until October 2016. ===Teaching subset compilers=== In the late 1960s and early 1970s, many US and Canadian universities were establishing time-sharing services on campus and needed conversational compiler/interpreters for use in teaching science, mathematics, engineering, and computer science.
It was based on Subset G of PL/I and was written in PL/M. Micro Focus implemented Open PL/I for Windows and UNIX/Linux systems, which they acquired from Liant. IBM delivered PL/I for OS/2 in 1994, and PL/I for AIX in 1995. Iron Spring PL/I for OS/2 and later Linux was introduced in 2007. ==PL/I dialects== PL/S, a dialect of PL/I, initially called BSL was developed in the late 1960s and became the system programming language for IBM mainframes.
HAL/S was implemented in XPL. IBM and various subcontractors also developed another PL/I variant in the early 1970s to support signal processing for the Navy called SPL/I. SabreTalk, a real-time dialect of PL/I used to program the Sabre airline reservation system. ==Usage== PL/I implementations were developed for mainframes from the late 1960s, mini computers in the 1970s, and personal computers in the 1980s and 1990s.
In October 1963 a committee was formed composed originally of three IBMers from New York and three members of SHARE, the IBM scientific users group, to propose these extensions to Fortran.
The IBM System/360 (announced in 1964 and delivered in 1966) was designed as a common machine architecture for both groups of users, superseding all existing IBM architectures.
The first definition appeared in April 1964. IBM took NPL as a starting point and completed the design to a level that the first compiler could be written: the NPL definition was incomplete in scope and in detail.
The Multics project at MIT, one of the first to develop an operating system in a high-level language, used Early PL/I (EPL), a subset dialect of PL/I, as their implementation language in 1964.
1976. IBM, IBM, "NPL Technical Report", December 1964. IBM, Enterprise PL/I for z/OS Version 4 Release 1 Language Reference Manual, SC14-7285-00.
Adventure - PL/I and C, a side-by-side comparison of PL/I and C. Softpanorama PL/1 page The PL/I Language PL1GCC project in SourceForge PL/1 program to print signs Procedural programming languages PL/I programming language family Structured programming languages Concurrent programming languages Systems programming languages IBM software Programming languages created in 1964 Programming languages with an ISO standard
This acronym conflicted with that of the UK's National Physical Laboratory and was replaced briefly by MPPL (MultiPurpose Programming Language) and, in 1965, with PL/I (with a Roman numeral "I").
C28-6571" written in New York from 1965 and superseded by "PL/I Language Specifications.
The IBM System/360 (announced in 1964 and delivered in 1966) was designed as a common machine architecture for both groups of users, superseding all existing IBM architectures.
These manuals were used by the Multics group and other early implementers. The first compiler was delivered in 1966.
Although there are some extensions common to these compilers the lack of a current standard means that compatibility is not guaranteed. ==Standardization== Language standardization began in April 1966 in Europe with ECMA TC10.
Release 1 shipped in 1966.
A project was set up in 1967 in IBM Laboratory Vienna to make an unambiguous and complete specification.
GY33-6003" written in Hursley from 1967.
In 1969 ANSI established a "Composite Language Development Committee", nicknamed "Kludge", later renamed X3J1 PL/I.
Given that the compilers had entirely different designs and were handling the full PL/I language this goal was challenging: it was achieved. The PL/I optimizing compiler took over from the PL/I F compiler and was IBM's workhorse compiler from the 1970s to the 1990s.
Announced with IBM S/370 in 1970, it shipped first for the DOS/360 operating system in August 1971, and shortly afterward for OS/360, and the first virtual memory IBM operating systems OS/VS1, MVS, and VM/CMS.
This compiler went through many versions covering all mainframe operating systems including the operating systems of the Japanese plug-compatible machines (PCMs). The compiler has been superseded by "IBM PL/I for OS/2, AIX, Linux, z/OS" below. The PL/I checkout compiler, (colloquially "The Checker") announced in August 1970 was designed to speed and improve the debugging of PL/I programs.
Digital later sold the compiler to a third party, who marketed the compiler as Kednos PL/I until October 2016. ===Teaching subset compilers=== In the late 1960s and early 1970s, many US and Canadian universities were establishing time-sharing services on campus and needed conversational compiler/interpreters for use in teaching science, mathematics, engineering, and computer science.
In the 1980s the target was usually the emerging ANSI-G subset. In 1974 Burroughs Corporation announced PL/I for the B6700 and B7700. UNIVAC released a UNIVAC PL/I, and in the 1970s also used a variant of PL/I, PL/I PLUS, for system programming. From 1978 Data General provided PL/I on its Eclipse and Eclipse MV platforms running the AOS, AOS/VS & AOS/VS II operating systems.
Almost all IBM mainframe system software in the 1970s and 1980s was written in PL/S.
It remains in use in IBM i. PL/8 (or PL.8), so-called because it was about 80% of PL/I, was originally developed by IBM Research in the 1970s for the IBM 801 architecture.
It was designed by Intermetrics in the 1970s for NASA.
HAL/S was implemented in XPL. IBM and various subcontractors also developed another PL/I variant in the early 1970s to support signal processing for the Navy called SPL/I. SabreTalk, a real-time dialect of PL/I used to program the Sabre airline reservation system. ==Usage== PL/I implementations were developed for mainframes from the late 1960s, mini computers in the 1970s, and personal computers in the 1980s and 1990s.
There cannot be a definitive explanation for this, but some trends in the 1970s and 1980s militated against its success by progressively reducing the territory on which PL/I enjoyed a competitive advantage. First, the nature of the mainframe software environment changed.
Announced with IBM S/370 in 1970, it shipped first for the DOS/360 operating system in August 1971, and shortly afterward for OS/360, and the first virtual memory IBM operating systems OS/VS1, MVS, and VM/CMS.
In spite of the aforementioned difficulties, IBM produced the PL/I Optimizing Compiler in 1971. PL/I contains many rarely used features, such as multitasking support (an IBM extension to the language) which add cost and complexity to the compiler, and its co-processing facilities require a multi-programming environment with support for non-blocking multiple threads for processes by the operating system.
A number of operating system utility programs were written in the language. Paul Abrahams of NYU's Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences wrote CIMS PL/I in 1972 in PL/I, bootstrapping via PL/I F.
In the 1980s the target was usually the emerging ANSI-G subset. In 1974 Burroughs Corporation announced PL/I for the B6700 and B7700. UNIVAC released a UNIVAC PL/I, and in the 1970s also used a variant of PL/I, PL/I PLUS, for system programming. From 1978 Data General provided PL/I on its Eclipse and Eclipse MV platforms running the AOS, AOS/VS & AOS/VS II operating systems.
Maynard, 1975. Fujitsu Ltd, "Facom OS IV PL/I Reference Manual", 70SP5402E-1,1974.
Olivetti, "Mini PL/I Reference Manual", 1975, No.
The Standard for PL/I was approved in 1976. ==Goals and principles== The goals for PL/I evolved during the early development of the language.
Ed., Framingham (Mass.). Nixdorf Computer, "Terminalsystem 8820 Systemtechnischer Teil PL/I-Subset",05001.17.8.93-01, 1976. Ing.
In the 1980s the target was usually the emerging ANSI-G subset. In 1974 Burroughs Corporation announced PL/I for the B6700 and B7700. UNIVAC released a UNIVAC PL/I, and in the 1970s also used a variant of PL/I, PL/I PLUS, for system programming. From 1978 Data General provided PL/I on its Eclipse and Eclipse MV platforms running the AOS, AOS/VS & AOS/VS II operating systems.
3970530 V Q1 Corporation, "The Q1/LMC Systems Software Manual", Farmingdale, 1978. ==External links== IBM PL/I Compilers for z/OS, AIX, MVS, VM and VSE Iron Spring Software, PL/I for Linux and OS/2 Micro Focus’ Mainframe PL/I Migration Solution OS PL/I V2R3 grammar Version 0.1 Pliedit, PL/I editor for Eclipse Power vs.
In the 1980s the target was usually the emerging ANSI-G subset. In 1974 Burroughs Corporation announced PL/I for the B6700 and B7700. UNIVAC released a UNIVAC PL/I, and in the 1970s also used a variant of PL/I, PL/I PLUS, for system programming. From 1978 Data General provided PL/I on its Eclipse and Eclipse MV platforms running the AOS, AOS/VS & AOS/VS II operating systems.
Almost all IBM mainframe system software in the 1970s and 1980s was written in PL/S.
HAL/S was implemented in XPL. IBM and various subcontractors also developed another PL/I variant in the early 1970s to support signal processing for the Navy called SPL/I. SabreTalk, a real-time dialect of PL/I used to program the Sabre airline reservation system. ==Usage== PL/I implementations were developed for mainframes from the late 1960s, mini computers in the 1970s, and personal computers in the 1980s and 1990s.
There cannot be a definitive explanation for this, but some trends in the 1970s and 1980s militated against its success by progressively reducing the territory on which PL/I enjoyed a competitive advantage. First, the nature of the mainframe software environment changed.
It was the first, and possibly the only, programming language standard to be written as a semi-formal definition. A "PL/I General-Purpose Subset" ("Subset-G") standard was issued by ANSI in 1981 and a revision published in 1987.
It was the first, and possibly the only, programming language standard to be written as a semi-formal definition. A "PL/I General-Purpose Subset" ("Subset-G") standard was issued by ANSI in 1981 and a revision published in 1987.
The implementation is "a strict superset of the ANSI X3.4-1981 PL/I General Purpose Subset and provides most of the features of the new ANSI X3.74-1987 PL/I General Purpose Subset", and was first released in 1988.
Given that the compilers had entirely different designs and were handling the full PL/I language this goal was challenging: it was achieved. The PL/I optimizing compiler took over from the PL/I F compiler and was IBM's workhorse compiler from the 1970s to the 1990s.
Over time the debugging capability of mainframe programming environments developed most of the functions offered by this compiler and it was withdrawn (in the 1990s?) ===DEC PL/I=== Perhaps the most commercially successful implementation aside from IBM's was Digital Equipment Corporation's VAX PL/I, later known as DEC PL/I.
HAL/S was implemented in XPL. IBM and various subcontractors also developed another PL/I variant in the early 1970s to support signal processing for the Navy called SPL/I. SabreTalk, a real-time dialect of PL/I used to program the Sabre airline reservation system. ==Usage== PL/I implementations were developed for mainframes from the late 1960s, mini computers in the 1970s, and personal computers in the 1980s and 1990s.
Grouse at the University of New South Wales, PLUM by Marvin Zelkowitz at the University of Maryland., and PLUTO from the University of Toronto. ===IBM PL/I for OS/2, AIX, Linux, z/OS=== In a major revamp of PL/I, IBM Santa Teresa in California launched an entirely new compiler in 1992.
It was based on Subset G of PL/I and was written in PL/M. Micro Focus implemented Open PL/I for Windows and UNIX/Linux systems, which they acquired from Liant. IBM delivered PL/I for OS/2 in 1994, and PL/I for AIX in 1995. Iron Spring PL/I for OS/2 and later Linux was introduced in 2007. ==PL/I dialects== PL/S, a dialect of PL/I, initially called BSL was developed in the late 1960s and became the system programming language for IBM mainframes.
It was based on Subset G of PL/I and was written in PL/M. Micro Focus implemented Open PL/I for Windows and UNIX/Linux systems, which they acquired from Liant. IBM delivered PL/I for OS/2 in 1994, and PL/I for AIX in 1995. Iron Spring PL/I for OS/2 and later Linux was introduced in 2007. ==PL/I dialects== PL/S, a dialect of PL/I, initially called BSL was developed in the late 1960s and became the system programming language for IBM mainframes.
Nov 2003. Liant Software Corporation (1994), Open PL/I Language Reference Manual, Rev.
It was based on Subset G of PL/I and was written in PL/M. Micro Focus implemented Open PL/I for Windows and UNIX/Linux systems, which they acquired from Liant. IBM delivered PL/I for OS/2 in 1994, and PL/I for AIX in 1995. Iron Spring PL/I for OS/2 and later Linux was introduced in 2007. ==PL/I dialects== PL/S, a dialect of PL/I, initially called BSL was developed in the late 1960s and became the system programming language for IBM mainframes.
Digital later sold the compiler to a third party, who marketed the compiler as Kednos PL/I until October 2016. ===Teaching subset compilers=== In the late 1960s and early 1970s, many US and Canadian universities were establishing time-sharing services on campus and needed conversational compiler/interpreters for use in teaching science, mathematics, engineering, and computer science.
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