== Developments since 1990 == === Parliamentary === After the fall of the communism in 1989, the former communist party was restructured and succeeded by the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP), which won the first post-communist elections for the Constitutional Assembly in 1990 with a small majority.
This was the first time since 1989 that a ruling party was re-elected; in the past, painful and unpopular reforms were implemented.
== Developments since 1990 == === Parliamentary === After the fall of the communism in 1989, the former communist party was restructured and succeeded by the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP), which won the first post-communist elections for the Constitutional Assembly in 1990 with a small majority.
Meanwhile, Zhelyu Zhelev, a communist-era dissident from the new democratic party - Union of Democratic Forces (abbreviated in Bulgarian as SDS), was elected president by the Assembly in 1990.
The so-called period of transition (from a Soviet socialist model to an economic structure focused on development through economic growth) began in the early 1990s.
A total of eight parties won seats, the first time since the beginning of democratic elections in 1990 that more than seven parties entered parliament.
Yet, their government collapsed in late 1992, and was succeeded by a technocratic team put forward by the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP), which served until 1994 when it also collapsed.
All other parties refused to form a government , and after a brief deadlock, another elections were called for July 2021, with Stefan Yanev serving as an interim Prime Minister of a caretaker cabinet until then. === Presidential === In 1992, Zhelyo Zhelev won Bulgaria's first presidential elections and served as president until 1997.
Yet, their government collapsed in late 1992, and was succeeded by a technocratic team put forward by the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP), which served until 1994 when it also collapsed.
The President dissolved the government and appointed a provisional one to serve until early parliamentary elections could be held in December. BSP won convincingly these elections in December 1994 with a majority of 125 seats out of the 240.
Due to the severe economic crisis in Bulgaria during their government, BSP's cabinet collapsed and in 1997 a caretaker cabinet was appointed by the President, again, to serve until early parliamentary elections could be held in April 1997. The April 1997 elections resulted in a landslide victory for the SDS, winning a majority of 137 seats in parliament, and allowing them to form the next government.
All other parties refused to form a government , and after a brief deadlock, another elections were called for July 2021, with Stefan Yanev serving as an interim Prime Minister of a caretaker cabinet until then. === Presidential === In 1992, Zhelyo Zhelev won Bulgaria's first presidential elections and served as president until 1997.
This proved to be the first post-communist government that did not collapse and served its full 4-year term until 2001. In 2001, the former monarch of Bulgaria Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha returned to power, this time as Prime Minister with his National Movement Simeon II (in Bulgarian abbreviated: NDSV), having won half (120) of the seats.
In 2001, the leader of the Bulgarian Socialist Party, Georgi Parvanov defeated Stoyanov.
In the second, the winning President was another member of the Union of Democratic Forces, Petar Stoyanov, who served until 2002.
He took office in 2002 and served until 2012, becoming the only president to be reelected, after his successful 2006 campaign.
Bulgaria entered NATO in 2004. In the aftermath, the BSP won the parliamentary elections in 2005 with 82 out of the 240 seats, but as it didn't get the majority of the seats, a coalition government was formed by the three biggest parties - BSP, NDSV and DPS.
Bulgaria entered NATO in 2004. In the aftermath, the BSP won the parliamentary elections in 2005 with 82 out of the 240 seats, but as it didn't get the majority of the seats, a coalition government was formed by the three biggest parties - BSP, NDSV and DPS.
He took office in 2002 and served until 2012, becoming the only president to be reelected, after his successful 2006 campaign.
Bulgarian entered the European Union in 2007. In the parliamentary elections of 2009, the centre-right party of Boyko Borisov, the mayor of Sofia, GERB, won with 117 seats.
Bulgarian entered the European Union in 2007. In the parliamentary elections of 2009, the centre-right party of Boyko Borisov, the mayor of Sofia, GERB, won with 117 seats.
In 2011 GERB candidate Rosen Plevneliev was elected to serve as president from 2012 until January 2017.
He took office in 2002 and served until 2012, becoming the only president to be reelected, after his successful 2006 campaign.
In 2011 GERB candidate Rosen Plevneliev was elected to serve as president from 2012 until January 2017.
The austerity measures required in the stagnation of the Global Financial Crisis led to massive protests and the resignation of the cabinet in early 2013, months before the end of GERB's term. In the early elections the former leading party GERB received highest vote from the people.
However, in 2014, there is some concern that the proposed new Penal Code would limit freedom of the press and assembly, and as a consequence freedom of speech.
Following an agreement from the three largest parties (GERB, BSP and DPS) to hold early parliamentary elections for 5 October 2014, the cabinet agreed to resign by the end of July, with the resignation of the cabinet becoming a fact on 23 July 2014.
Finally, on 6 August, a caretaker government led by Georgi Bliznashki was sworn into office and the Oresharski government was officially dissolved. As agreed, parliamentary elections were held on 5 October 2014 to elect the 43rd National Assembly.
In 2016 Socialist party candidate, former air force commander Rumen Radev won the presidential election.
The vice chairman of the Alternative for Bulgarian Revival party Ivaylo Kalfin was voted for Depute Prime Minister and Minister of Labor and Social Policy. In May 2017, Boyko Borisov was re-elected as Prime Minister of Bulgaria for the third time.
In 2011 GERB candidate Rosen Plevneliev was elected to serve as president from 2012 until January 2017.
On 18 January 2017, Rumen Radev was sworn in as the new President of Bulgaria.
The Socialist Party and the Turkish DPS party formed the opposition. The 2020–2021 Bulgarian protests were triggered on 9 July 2020 when the Presidency of Bulgaria was raided by police and prosecutors as a result of a long-lasting conflict between the prime minister Boyko Borisov and the president Rumen Radev.
In April 2021, Borisov's party, center-right, pro-European GERB won the parliamentary election.
All other parties refused to form a government , and after a brief deadlock, another elections were called for July 2021, with Stefan Yanev serving as an interim Prime Minister of a caretaker cabinet until then. === Presidential === In 1992, Zhelyo Zhelev won Bulgaria's first presidential elections and served as president until 1997.
President Rumen Radev, a vocal critic and rival of prime minister Borisov, announced that he will run for a second five-year term in autumn 2021 presidential elections. == Executive branch == The president of Bulgaria is directly elected for a 5-year term with the right to one re-election.
All text is taken from Wikipedia. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License .
Page generated on 2021-08-05