Pope Clement XII (Clemens XII; 7 April 16526 February 1740), born Lorenzo Corsini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 July 1730 to his death in 1740. Clement presided over the growth of a surplus in the papal finances.
Benedict died in 1730, and in the conclave that followed his death, after deliberating for four months, the College of Cardinals selected Corsini, 78 years old and with failing eyesight, who had held all the important offices of the Roman Curia.
He was also rebuffed in Papal claims over the Duchies of Parma and Piacenza. In August 1730 he gave permission for Victor Amadeus II of Savoy to carry out a morganatic marriage to Anna Canalis di Cumiana.
He drained the malarial marshes of the Chiana near Lake Trasimeno.The pope founded in 1732 the Italo-Albanian College Library of San Demetrio Corone in Calabria. ===Foreign policy=== Politically, however, this was not a successful papacy among the secular powers of Europe.
The façade he designed is perhaps more palatial than ecclesiastic, and was finished by 1735.
In his 1738 bull In eminenti apostolatus, he provides the first public papal condemnation of Freemasonry. == Early life == Lorenzo Corsini was born in Florence in 1652 as the son of Bartolomeo Corsini, Marquis of Casigliano and his wife Elisabetta Strozzi, the sister of the Duke of Bagnuolo.
Victor Amadeus II subsequently abdicated his throne causing great unrest in Savoy. ===Ecclesial activities=== In ecclesiastic affairs he issued In eminenti apostolatus, the first papal decree against the Freemasons on 28 April 1738.
Pope Clement XII (Clemens XII; 7 April 16526 February 1740), born Lorenzo Corsini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 July 1730 to his death in 1740. Clement presided over the growth of a surplus in the papal finances.
He also beatified eight others including his predecessor Pope Benedict XI. == Death and burial == Clement XII died on 6 February 1740 at 9:30am due to complications from gout.
His remains were transferred to his tomb in the Basilica of Saint John Lateran on 20 July 1742.
In 1754, his nephew, Cardinal Neri Corsini, founded there the famous Corsini Library. ===Consistories=== Clement XII created 35 cardinals in fifteen consistories held throughout his pontificate.
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