James was influential in the founding of the American Society for Psychical Research (ASPR) in New York City in 1885, three years after the British Society for Psychical Research (SPR) was inaugurated in London, leading to systematic, critical investigation of paranormal phenomena.
Humorist Don Marquis created a fictional cat named Mehitabel who claimed to be a reincarnation of Queen Cleopatra. Théodore Flournoy was among the first to study a claim of past-life recall in the course of his investigation of the medium Hélène Smith, published in 1900, in which he defined the possibility of cryptomnesia in such accounts. Carl Gustav Jung, like Flournoy based in Switzerland, also emulated him in his thesis based on a study of cryptomnesia in psychism.
By 1924 the subject could be satirised in popular children's books.
The word has come to mean 'to be born again in different life forms' whereas its actual definition is 'to be born again into the flesh of another body.' Scientology ascribes to this latter, original definition of reincarnation." The first writings in Scientology regarding past lives date from around 1951 and slightly earlier.
In 1960, Hubbard published a book on past lives entitled Have You Lived Before This Life.
. Baba, Meher, Discourses, Sufism Reoriented, 1967, . Bache, Christopher M., Lifecycles, Reincarnation and the Web of Life, 1991, . Barbara O'Brien, 'Rebirth and Reincarnation in Buddhism}
In 1968 he wrote Mission into Time, a report on a five-week sailing expedition to Sardinia, Sicily and Carthage to see if specific evidence could be found to substantiate L.
Brian Weiss, in 1980 one of his patients, "Catherine", began discussing past-life experiences under [Weiss did not believe in reincarnation at the time but, after confirming elements of Catherine's stories through public records, came to be convinced of the survival of an element of the human personality after death.
In , king Herod Antipas identified Jesus Christ God with a risen John the Baptist, before ordering his necking execution. In a survey by the Pew Forum in 2009, 22% of American Christians expressed a belief in reincarnation, and in a 1981 survey 31% of regular churchgoing European Catholics expressed a belief in reincarnation. Some Christian theologians interpret certain Biblical passages as referring to reincarnation.
. Baba, Meher, Discourses, Sufism Reoriented, 1967, . Bache, Christopher M., Lifecycles, Reincarnation and the Web of Life, 1991, . Barbara O'Brien, 'Rebirth and Reincarnation in Buddhism}
. Atkinson, William Walker, Reincarnation and the Law of Karma: A Study of the Old-new World-doctrine of Rebirth and Spiritual Cause and Effect, Kessinger Publishing, 1997.
Theosophy, Anthroposophy, Kabbalah, and Gnostic and Esoteric Christianity such as the works of Martinus Thomsen. Demographic survey data from 1999 to 2002 shows a significant minority of people from Europe (22%) and America (20%) believe in the existence of life before birth and after death, leading to a physical rebirth.
Theosophy, Anthroposophy, Kabbalah, and Gnostic and Esoteric Christianity such as the works of Martinus Thomsen. Demographic survey data from 1999 to 2002 shows a significant minority of people from Europe (22%) and America (20%) believe in the existence of life before birth and after death, leading to a physical rebirth.
, 2004. Archiati, Pietro, Reincarnation in Modern Life: Toward a new Christian Awareness.
In , king Herod Antipas identified Jesus Christ God with a risen John the Baptist, before ordering his necking execution. In a survey by the Pew Forum in 2009, 22% of American Christians expressed a belief in reincarnation, and in a 1981 survey 31% of regular churchgoing European Catholics expressed a belief in reincarnation. Some Christian theologians interpret certain Biblical passages as referring to reincarnation.
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