It was invented in 1883.
Mollett both claim to have invented the game of Reversi in 1883, each denouncing the other as a fraud.
The game's first reliable mention is in 21 August 1886 edition of The Saturday Review.
Later mention includes an 1895 article in The New York Times, which describes Reversi as "something like Go Bang, [...] played with 64 pieces." In 1893, the German games publisher Ravensburger started producing the game as one of its first titles.
Later mention includes an 1895 article in The New York Times, which describes Reversi as "something like Go Bang, [...] played with 64 pieces." In 1893, the German games publisher Ravensburger started producing the game as one of its first titles.
Othello, a variant with a change to the board's initial setup, was patented in 1971. ==Basics== There are sixty-four identical game pieces called disks (often spelled "discs"), which are light on one side and dark on the other.
It was patented in Japan in 1971 by (autonym: Satoshi Hasegawa), then a 38-year-old salesman.
Additionally, where Reversi ends as soon as either player cannot make a move, in Othello the player without a move simply passes. Hasegawa established the Japan Othello Association on March 1973, and held the first national Othello championship on 4 April 1973 in Japan.
The Japanese game company Tsukuda Original launched Othello in late April 1973 in Japan under Hasegawa's license, which led to an immediate commercial success. The name was selected by Hasegawa as a reference to the Shakespearean play Othello, the Moor of Venice, referring to the conflict between the Moor Othello and Iago, and more controversially, to the unfolding drama between Othello, who is black, and Desdemona, who is white.
Reportedly, Othello game sales have exceeded $600 million and more than 40 million classic games have been sold in over 100 different countries. Hasegawa also wrote How to Othello (Osero No Uchikata) in Japan in 1974, which was later translated into English and published in the U.S.
in 1975 by Gabriel Industries and it also enjoyed commercial success there.
in 1977 as How to Win at Othello. Kabushiki Kaisha Othello, which is owned by Hasegawa, registered the trademark "OTHELLO" for board games in Japan and Tsukuda Original registered the mark in the rest of the world.
This can be demonstrated with blindfold games, as the memorization of the board demands much more dedication from the players than in blindfold chess. The first tournament pitting Othello computer programs against human opponents took place in 1980.
Two 18th-century continental European books dealing with a game that may or may not be Reversi are mentioned on page fourteen of the Spring 1989 Othello Quarterly, and there has been speculation, so far without documentation, that the game has older origins. === Othello === The modern version of the game—the most regularly used rule-set, and the one used in international tournaments—is marketed and recognized as Othello.
In 1997, the computer Othello program Logistello defeated the reigning human champion, Takeshi Murakami, six games to zero. Analysts have estimated the number of legal positions in Othello is at most 1028, and it has a game-tree complexity of approximately 1058.
Hasegawa initially explained that Othello was an improvement on Reversi, but from around 2000, he began to claim that he invented it in Mito regardless of Reversi. The game differs from Reversi in that the first four pieces go in the center, but in a standard diagonal pattern, rather than being placed by players.
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