Sweden's northern dominance had ended, and Russia's emergence as the strongest Northern power was formalised through the Treaty of Nystad in 1721.
In the period from 1857 to 1914 its population grew from 282,000 (256,200 in Riga itself and another 26,200 inhabitants beyond the city limits in patrimonial district and military town of Ust-Dvinsk) to 558,000 making it the 4th largest city in the Russian Empire (after Saint Petersburg, Moscow and Warsaw) and its largest port.
By 1867, Riga's population was 42.9% German.
The rise of a Latvian bourgeoisie made Riga a centre of the Latvian National Awakening with the founding of the Riga Latvian Association in 1868 and the organisation of the first national song festival in 1873.
The rise of a Latvian bourgeoisie made Riga a centre of the Latvian National Awakening with the founding of the Riga Latvian Association in 1868 and the organisation of the first national song festival in 1873.
It is one of the biggest theatres in Latvia. The Mikhail Chekhov Riga Russian Theatre is the oldest professional drama theatre in Latvia, established in 1883.
Riga employed German as its official language of administration until the installation of Russian in 1891 as the official language in the Baltic provinces, as part of the policy of Russification of the non-Russian speaking territories of the Russian Empire, including Congress Poland, Finland and the Baltics, undertaken by Tsar Alexander III.
The nationalist movement of the Neo-Latvians was followed by the socialist New Current during the city's rapid industrialisation, culminating in the 1905 Revolution led by the Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party. === World War I === The 20th century brought World War I and the impact of the Russian Revolution of 1917 to Riga.
Between 1910 and 1913, between 300 and 500 new buildings were built each year in Riga, most of them in Art Nouveau style and most of them outside the old town. == Sports == Riga has a rich basketball history.
Between 1910 and 1913, between 300 and 500 new buildings were built each year in Riga, most of them in Art Nouveau style and most of them outside the old town. == Sports == Riga has a rich basketball history.
In the period from 1857 to 1914 its population grew from 282,000 (256,200 in Riga itself and another 26,200 inhabitants beyond the city limits in patrimonial district and military town of Ust-Dvinsk) to 558,000 making it the 4th largest city in the Russian Empire (after Saint Petersburg, Moscow and Warsaw) and its largest port.
The nationalist movement of the Neo-Latvians was followed by the socialist New Current during the city's rapid industrialisation, culminating in the 1905 Revolution led by the Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party. === World War I === The 20th century brought World War I and the impact of the Russian Revolution of 1917 to Riga.
As a result of the battle of Jugla, the German army marched into Riga on 3 September 1917.
On 3 March 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed, giving the Baltic countries to Germany.
Because of the Armistice with Germany of 11 November 1918, Germany had to renounce that treaty, as did Russia, leaving Latvia and the other Baltic States in a position to claim independence.
Latvia, with Riga as its capital city, thus declared its independence on 18 November 1918. Between World War I and World War II (1918–1940), Riga and Latvia shifted their focus from Russia to the countries of Western Europe.
One bank, which provided high levels of secrecy for its customers, promoted itself as "We are closer than Switzerland!" («Мы ближе, чем Швейцария!») On 28 July 1995, twenty Latvian banks with assistance of persons from the Paris Stock Exchange organized the Riga Stock Exchange which was the first Latvian stock exchange in Riga. == Culture == === Theatres === The Latvian National Opera was founded in 1918.
The Latvian National Opera is famous not only for its operas, but for its ballet troupe as well. The Latvian National Theatre was founded in 1919.
The repertoire of the theatre includes classical plays and experimental performances of Russian and other foreign playwrights. The Daile Theatre was opened for the first time in 1920.
The majority of the Baltic Germans were resettled in late 1939, prior to the occupation of Estonia and Latvia by the Soviet Union in June 1940. === World War II === During World War II, Latvia was occupied by the Soviet Union in June 1940 and then was occupied by Nazi Germany in 1941–1944.
The majority of the Baltic Germans were resettled in late 1939, prior to the occupation of Estonia and Latvia by the Soviet Union in June 1940. === World War II === During World War II, Latvia was occupied by the Soviet Union in June 1940 and then was occupied by Nazi Germany in 1941–1944.
On 17 June 1940, the Soviet forces invaded Latvia occupying bridges, post/telephone, telegraph, and broadcasting offices.
The majority of the Baltic Germans were resettled in late 1939, prior to the occupation of Estonia and Latvia by the Soviet Union in June 1940. === World War II === During World War II, Latvia was occupied by the Soviet Union in June 1940 and then was occupied by Nazi Germany in 1941–1944.
The most notorious deportation, the June deportation took place on 13 and 14 June 1941, estimated at 15,600 men, women, and children, and including 20% of Latvia's last legal government.
On 25 October 1941, the Nazis relocated all Jews from Riga and the vicinity to the ghetto.
Most of Latvia's Jews (about 24,000) were killed on 30 November and 8 December 1941 in the Rumbula massacre.
Three entities were established on 1 September 1941, and the other three were established in October 1969.
By the end of the war, the remaining Baltic Germans were expelled to Germany. The Soviet Red Army re-entered Riga on 13 October 1944.
This theatre is distinguished by its frequent productions of modern foreign plays. Latvian State Puppet Theatre was founded in 1944.
Dinamo was established as a successor to the former hockey team with the same name, which was founded in 1946 but ceased to exist in 1995. * HK Riga – a junior hockey club, playing in the Minor Hockey League Football *Riga FC – Riga Football Club, commonly referred to as Riga FC, were established in 2015 after a merger of two Riga based teams – FC Caramba Riga and Dinamo Rīga.
In the 1950s Rīgas ASK became the best club in the Soviet Union and also in Europe, winning the first three editions of the European Cup for Men's Champions Clubs from 1958 to 1960. In 1960, ASK was not the only team from Riga to take the European crown.
Peter's Church which lost its wooden tower after a fire caused by the Wehrmacht (renovated in 1954).
In the 1950s Rīgas ASK became the best club in the Soviet Union and also in Europe, winning the first three editions of the European Cup for Men's Champions Clubs from 1958 to 1960. In 1960, ASK was not the only team from Riga to take the European crown.
In the 1950s Rīgas ASK became the best club in the Soviet Union and also in Europe, winning the first three editions of the European Cup for Men's Champions Clubs from 1958 to 1960. In 1960, ASK was not the only team from Riga to take the European crown.
VEF also participates in high-level international competition such as Eurocup * Barons LMT – a men's basketball team, two-time Latvian champion, as well as the 2008 FIBA EuroCup winner * TTT Riga – a women's basketball team, which between 1960 and 1982 won eighteen FIBA EuroLeague Women titles Ice hockey * Dinamo Riga – a professional ice hockey club established in 2008.
In 2018 they became champions of the Virslīga Latvian Higher League for the first time. * RFS – FK Rīgas Futbola Skola, known as RFS are based on the Riga Football School (RFS) academy, established in 1962. * FS Metta-LU – founded in 2006.
Three entities were established on 1 September 1941, and the other three were established in October 1969.
Sea ferries connect Riga Passenger Terminal to Stockholm operated by Tallink. Riga has one active airport that serves commercial airlines—the Riga International Airport (RIX), built in 1973.
people in the 1980s, the city became eligible (under the Soviet standards of the time) for the construction of a subway system Riga Metro, which would have been paid for by the Soviet government.
VEF also participates in high-level international competition such as Eurocup * Barons LMT – a men's basketball team, two-time Latvian champion, as well as the 2008 FIBA EuroCup winner * TTT Riga – a women's basketball team, which between 1960 and 1982 won eighteen FIBA EuroLeague Women titles Ice hockey * Dinamo Riga – a professional ice hockey club established in 2008.
A facsimile was constructed in 1995. In 1989, the percentage of Latvians in Riga had fallen to 36.5%. === 21st century === In 2004, the arrival of low-cost airlines resulted in cheaper flights from other European cities such as London and Berlin and consequently a substantial increase in numbers of tourists.
In 2013 citizens of Latvia made up 73.1%, non-citizens 21.9% and citizens of other countries 4.9% of the population of Riga. The proportion of ethnic Latvians in Riga increased from 36.5% in 1989 to 42.4% in 2010.
The current names were confirmed on 28 December 1990. === Climate === The climate of Riga is [continental climate|humid continental] (Köppen Dfb).
From February to October 2020, the offices of the Mayor and Vice Mayors were suspended and the council itself had been dissolved and replaced by an interim administration of representatives from 3 governmental ministries until snap elections were held in 2020. == Demographics == With 614,618 inhabitants in 2021 as according to the Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia, Riga is the largest city in the Baltic states, though its population has decreased from just over 900,000 in 1991.
By comparison, 60.1% of Latvia's total population was ethnically Latvian, 26.2% Russian, 3.3% Belarusian, 2.4% Ukrainian, 2.1% Polish, 1.2% are Lithuanian and the rest of other origins. Upon the restoration of Latvia's independence in 1991, Soviet era immigrants (and any of their offspring born before 1991) were not automatically granted Latvian citizenship because they had migrated to the territory of Latvia during the years when Latvia was part of the Soviet Union.
Metta play their home games at Daugava Stadium. * JDFS Alberts – Jura Docenko Futbola Skola Alberts, commonly referred to as JDFS Alberts was founded as a football school in 2008 and subsequently became a professional Latvian football league team. *Riga United FC *FC New Project *SK Super Nova :Dissolved Football Clubs * Skonto FC – Skonto FC was a football club established in 1991.
This theatre presents shows for children and adults. The New Riga Theatre was opened in 1992. === World Choir Games === Riga hosted the biannual 2014 World Choir Games from 9–19 July 2014 which coincided with the city being named European Capital of Culture for 2014.
The annual number of passengers has grown from 310,000 in 1993 to 4.7 million in 2014, making Riga International Airport the largest in the Baltic States. The former international airport of Riga, Spilve Airport, located from Riga city centre, is used for small aircraft, pilot training and recreational aviation.
A facsimile was constructed in 1995. In 1989, the percentage of Latvians in Riga had fallen to 36.5%. === 21st century === In 2004, the arrival of low-cost airlines resulted in cheaper flights from other European cities such as London and Berlin and consequently a substantial increase in numbers of tourists.
One bank, which provided high levels of secrecy for its customers, promoted itself as "We are closer than Switzerland!" («Мы ближе, чем Швейцария!») On 28 July 1995, twenty Latvian banks with assistance of persons from the Paris Stock Exchange organized the Riga Stock Exchange which was the first Latvian stock exchange in Riga. == Culture == === Theatres === The Latvian National Opera was founded in 1918.
Dinamo was established as a successor to the former hockey team with the same name, which was founded in 1946 but ceased to exist in 1995. * HK Riga – a junior hockey club, playing in the Minor Hockey League Football *Riga FC – Riga Football Club, commonly referred to as Riga FC, were established in 2015 after a merger of two Riga based teams – FC Caramba Riga and Dinamo Rīga.
Tourism is also a large industry in Riga and after a slowdown during the global economic recessions of the late 2000s, grew 22% in 2011 alone. Riga was intended to become the global financial centre in the former Soviet Union.
It can hold up to 14,500 people and has hosted ice hockey, basketball and volleyball events, as well as Red Bull X-Fighters Skonto Stadium – a football stadium, built in 2000.
Renovation and modernization of the airport was completed in 2001, coinciding with the 800th anniversary of the city.
Riga hosted the 2006 NATO Summit, the Eurovision Song Contest 2003, the 2006 IIHF Men's World Ice Hockey Championships and the 2013 World Women's Curling Championship.
A facsimile was constructed in 1995. In 1989, the percentage of Latvians in Riga had fallen to 36.5%. === 21st century === In 2004, the arrival of low-cost airlines resulted in cheaper flights from other European cities such as London and Berlin and consequently a substantial increase in numbers of tourists.
The club was founded in 2005 and dissolved in 2012.
Riga hosted the 2006 NATO Summit, the Eurovision Song Contest 2003, the 2006 IIHF Men's World Ice Hockey Championships and the 2013 World Women's Curling Championship.
In the spring 2006, the thitherto biggest party of [exchange service] HC took place in Riga counting 430 participants from 36 countries. On November 21, 2013, the roof of a supermarket collapsed in Zolitūde, one of the neighbourhoods of the city, possibly as a result of the weight of materials used in the construction of a garden on the roof.
Latvians overtook Russians as the largest ethnic group in 2006.
In 2018 they became champions of the Virslīga Latvian Higher League for the first time. * RFS – FK Rīgas Futbola Skola, known as RFS are based on the Riga Football School (RFS) academy, established in 1962. * FS Metta-LU – founded in 2006.
According to a study from January 2011, the club was the youngest team in Europe, with an average age of 19.02 years. === Sports facilities === Arena Riga – a multi-purpose arena built in 2006 as the main venue for the 2006 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships.
In 2006, a new terminal extension was opened.
VEF also participates in high-level international competition such as Eurocup * Barons LMT – a men's basketball team, two-time Latvian champion, as well as the 2008 FIBA EuroCup winner * TTT Riga – a women's basketball team, which between 1960 and 1982 won eighteen FIBA EuroLeague Women titles Ice hockey * Dinamo Riga – a professional ice hockey club established in 2008.
Metta play their home games at Daugava Stadium. * JDFS Alberts – Jura Docenko Futbola Skola Alberts, commonly referred to as JDFS Alberts was founded as a football school in 2008 and subsequently became a professional Latvian football league team. *Riga United FC *FC New Project *SK Super Nova :Dissolved Football Clubs * Skonto FC – Skonto FC was a football club established in 1991.
In 2008, the first stage of the new Southern Bridge (Dienvidu tilts) route across the Daugava was completed, and was opened to traffic on 17 November. The Southern Bridge was the biggest construction project in the Baltic states in 20 years, and its purpose was to reduce traffic congestion in the city centre.
Extension of the runway was completed in October 2008, and the airport is now able to accommodate large aircraft such as the Airbus A340, Boeing 747, 757, 767 and 777.
In 2013 citizens of Latvia made up 73.1%, non-citizens 21.9% and citizens of other countries 4.9% of the population of Riga. The proportion of ethnic Latvians in Riga increased from 36.5% in 1989 to 42.4% in 2010.
It handled a record 34 million tons of cargo in 2011 and has potential for future growth with new port developments on Krievu Sala.
Tourism is also a large industry in Riga and after a slowdown during the global economic recessions of the late 2000s, grew 22% in 2011 alone. Riga was intended to become the global financial centre in the former Soviet Union.
According to a study from January 2011, the club was the youngest team in Europe, with an average age of 19.02 years. === Sports facilities === Arena Riga – a multi-purpose arena built in 2006 as the main venue for the 2006 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships.
The club was founded in 2005 and dissolved in 2012.
In addition, up until 2012 many private owners operated minibus services, after which the City Council established the unified transport company Rīgas mikroautobusu satiksme, establishing a monopoly over the service. Riga International Coach Terminal provides domestic and international connections by coach. As the population of Riga city started to approach 1 mnl.
Riga hosted the 2006 NATO Summit, the Eurovision Song Contest 2003, the 2006 IIHF Men's World Ice Hockey Championships and the 2013 World Women's Curling Championship.
In the spring 2006, the thitherto biggest party of [exchange service] HC took place in Riga counting 430 participants from 36 countries. On November 21, 2013, the roof of a supermarket collapsed in Zolitūde, one of the neighbourhoods of the city, possibly as a result of the weight of materials used in the construction of a garden on the roof.
In 2013 citizens of Latvia made up 73.1%, non-citizens 21.9% and citizens of other countries 4.9% of the population of Riga. The proportion of ethnic Latvians in Riga increased from 36.5% in 1989 to 42.4% in 2010.
Riga was the European Capital of Culture in 2014, along with Umeå in Sweden.
This theatre presents shows for children and adults. The New Riga Theatre was opened in 1992. === World Choir Games === Riga hosted the biannual 2014 World Choir Games from 9–19 July 2014 which coincided with the city being named European Capital of Culture for 2014.
The annual number of passengers has grown from 310,000 in 1993 to 4.7 million in 2014, making Riga International Airport the largest in the Baltic States. The former international airport of Riga, Spilve Airport, located from Riga city centre, is used for small aircraft, pilot training and recreational aviation.
TTT Riga clinched their first title in the European Cup for Women's Champion Clubs, turning Riga into the capital city of European basketball because for the first and, so far, only time in the history of European basketball, clubs from the same city were concurrent European Men's and Women's club champions. In 2015, Riga was one of the hosts for EuroBasket 2015. === Sports clubs === Basketball * BK VEF Rīga – a professional basketball team that is a three-time Latvian champion.
Dinamo was established as a successor to the former hockey team with the same name, which was founded in 1946 but ceased to exist in 1995. * HK Riga – a junior hockey club, playing in the Minor Hockey League Football *Riga FC – Riga Football Club, commonly referred to as Riga FC, were established in 2015 after a merger of two Riga based teams – FC Caramba Riga and Dinamo Rīga.
Another major construction project is the planned Riga Northern Transport corridor; its first segment detailed project was completed in 2015. The Freeport of Riga facilitates cargo and passenger traffic by sea.
In 2017, it was named the European Region of Gastronomy. In 2016, Riga received over 1.4 million visitors.
Following financial problems, the club was demoted to the Latvian First League in 2016 and went bankrupt in December of that year and subsequently dissolved. * JFK Olimps – JFK Olimps played in the top division of Latvian football.
In 2017, it was named the European Region of Gastronomy. In 2016, Riga received over 1.4 million visitors.
According to the 2017 data, ethnic Latvians made up 44.03% of the population of Riga, while ethnic Russians formed 37.88%, Belarusians 3.72%, Ukrainians 3.66%, Poles 1.83% and other ethnicities 8.10%.
In 2018 they became champions of the Virslīga Latvian Higher League for the first time. * RFS – FK Rīgas Futbola Skola, known as RFS are based on the Riga Football School (RFS) academy, established in 1962. * FS Metta-LU – founded in 2006.
The current mayor since October 2020 is Mārtiņš Staķis from Movement For!, which is a part of the Development/For!/Progressives faction.
From February to October 2020, the offices of the Mayor and Vice Mayors were suspended and the council itself had been dissolved and replaced by an interim administration of representatives from 3 governmental ministries until snap elections were held in 2020. == Demographics == With 614,618 inhabitants in 2021 as according to the Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia, Riga is the largest city in the Baltic states, though its population has decreased from just over 900,000 in 1991.
From February to October 2020, the offices of the Mayor and Vice Mayors were suspended and the council itself had been dissolved and replaced by an interim administration of representatives from 3 governmental ministries until snap elections were held in 2020. == Demographics == With 614,618 inhabitants in 2021 as according to the Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia, Riga is the largest city in the Baltic states, though its population has decreased from just over 900,000 in 1991.
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