Samuel Loyd (January 30, 1841 – April 10, 1911), was an American chess player, chess composer, puzzle author, and recreational mathematician.
It was based on a similar puzzle involving dogs published in 1857.
He wrote on this problem: "The originality of the problem is due to the White King being placed in absolute safety, and yet coming out on a reckless career, with no immediate threat and in the face of innumerable checks." ===Charles XII problem=== This problem was originally published in 1859.
White is to move and checkmate Black in five moves against any defense: Loyd bet a friend that he could not pick a piece that didn't give mate in the main line, and when it was published in 1861 it was with the stipulation that White mates with "the least likely piece or pawn". ===Steinitz Gambit problem=== One of the most famous chess problems by Loyd.
At his peak, Loyd was one of the best chess players in the US, and was ranked 15th in the world, according to chessmetrics.com. He played in the strong Paris 1867 chess tournament (won by Ignatz von Kolisch) with little success, placing near the bottom of the field. Following his death, his book Cyclopedia of 5000 Puzzles was published (1914) by his son.
235: "The older inhabitants of Puzzleland will remember how in the early seventies I drove the entire world crazy over a little box of movable pieces which became known as the '14–15 Puzzle'." This is false, as Loyd had nothing to do with the invention or popularity of the puzzle, and the craze was in the early 1880s, not the early 1870s.
235: "The older inhabitants of Puzzleland will remember how in the early seventies I drove the entire world crazy over a little box of movable pieces which became known as the '14–15 Puzzle'." This is false, as Loyd had nothing to do with the invention or popularity of the puzzle, and the craze was in the early 1880s, not the early 1870s.
The craze had ended by July 1880 and Loyd's first article on the subject was not published until 1896.
The actual inventor was Noyes Chapman, who applied for a patent in March 1880. An enthusiast of Tangram puzzles, Loyd popularized them with The Eighth Book Of Tan, a book of seven hundred unique Tangram designs and a fanciful history of the origin of the Tangram, claiming that the puzzle was invented 4,000 years ago by a god named Tan.
Dudeney despised Loyd so intensely he equated him with the Devil. Loyd claimed from 1891 until his death in 1911 that he invented the 15 puzzle, for example writing in the Cyclopedia of Puzzles (published 1914), p.
Loyd first claimed in 1891 that he had invented the puzzle, and continued to do so until his death.
The craze had ended by July 1880 and Loyd's first article on the subject was not published until 1896.
In 1898, The Strand dubbed him "the prince of puzzlers".
This puzzle is also known as the Chessboard paradox or paradox of Loyd and Schlömilch. ===Back from the Klondike=== This is one of Sam Loyd's most famous puzzles, first printed in the New York Journal and Advertiser, April 24, 1898 (as far as available evidence indicates).
g4# In 1900, Friedrich Amelung pointed out that in the original position, if the first bullet had struck the rook instead of the knight, Charles would still have a mate in six. 1.
Samuel Loyd (January 30, 1841 – April 10, 1911), was an American chess player, chess composer, puzzle author, and recreational mathematician.
Dudeney despised Loyd so intensely he equated him with the Devil. Loyd claimed from 1891 until his death in 1911 that he invented the 15 puzzle, for example writing in the Cyclopedia of Puzzles (published 1914), p.
Dudeney despised Loyd so intensely he equated him with the Devil. Loyd claimed from 1891 until his death in 1911 that he invented the 15 puzzle, for example writing in the Cyclopedia of Puzzles (published 1914), p.
Martin Gardner featured Loyd in his August 1957 Mathematical Games column in Scientific American and called him "America's greatest puzzler".
His son, named after his father, dropped the "Jr" from his name and started publishing reprints of his father's puzzles. Loyd (senior) was inducted into the US Chess Hall of Fame in 1987. ==Reputation== Loyd is widely acknowledged as one of America's great puzzle-writers and popularizers, often mentioned as the greatest.
Ng6# In 2003, ChessBase posted a fifth variation, attributed to Brian Stewart.
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