Santorini retained its privileged position in the 17th century, but suffered in turn from Venetian raids during the frequent Ottoman–Venetian wars of the period, even though there were no Muslims on the island. Santorini was captured briefly by the Russians under Alexey Orlov during the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774, but returned to Ottoman control after.
Only the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption of 1815, the 181 AD eruption of Lake Taupo, and possibly Baekdu Mountain's 946 AD eruption have released more material into the atmosphere during the past 5,000 years. =====Speculation on an Exodus connection===== In The Parting of the Sea: How Volcanoes, Earthquakes, and Plagues Shaped the Exodus Story, geologist Barbara J.
Following the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence on the Greek mainland in March 1821, in May Santorini followed suit, although the local Catholic population had its reservations.
The island became part of the fledgling Greek state, rebelled against Governor Ioannis Kapodistrias in 1831, and became definitively part of the independent Kingdom of Greece in 1832, with the Treaty of Constantinople. The island is still home to a Catholic community and the seat of a Catholic bishopric. === World War II === During the Second World War, Santorini was occupied in 1941 by Italian forces, and in 1943 by those of the Germans.
The island became part of the fledgling Greek state, rebelled against Governor Ioannis Kapodistrias in 1831, and became definitively part of the independent Kingdom of Greece in 1832, with the Treaty of Constantinople. The island is still home to a Catholic community and the seat of a Catholic bishopric. === World War II === During the Second World War, Santorini was occupied in 1941 by Italian forces, and in 1943 by those of the Germans.
The island became part of the fledgling Greek state, rebelled against Governor Ioannis Kapodistrias in 1831, and became definitively part of the independent Kingdom of Greece in 1832, with the Treaty of Constantinople. The island is still home to a Catholic community and the seat of a Catholic bishopric. === World War II === During the Second World War, Santorini was occupied in 1941 by Italian forces, and in 1943 by those of the Germans.
The island became part of the fledgling Greek state, rebelled against Governor Ioannis Kapodistrias in 1831, and became definitively part of the independent Kingdom of Greece in 1832, with the Treaty of Constantinople. The island is still home to a Catholic community and the seat of a Catholic bishopric. === World War II === During the Second World War, Santorini was occupied in 1941 by Italian forces, and in 1943 by those of the Germans.
In 1944, the German and Italian garrison on Santorini was raided by a group of British Special Boat Service Commandos, killing most of its men.
Nine subaerial eruptions are recorded in the historical record since that time, with the most recent ending in 1950. In 1707 an undersea volcano breached the sea surface, forming the current centre of activity at Nea Kameni in the centre of the lagoon, and eruptions centred on it continue—the twentieth century saw three such, the last in 1950.
Santorini was also struck by a devastating earthquake in 1956.
These colors, in recent years, tend to replace white in the color of house facades, according to the traditional architecture of the island as it was developed until the great earthquake of 1956.
These are premium storage space for produce, especially for wine cellaring: the Kánava wineries of Santorini. When strong earthquakes struck the island in 1956, half the buildings were completely destroyed and a large number suffered repairable damage.
Due to the lack of water islanders developed non-irrigated crops such as vines and olives that could survive on only the scant moisture provided by the common, early morning fog condensing on the ground as dew. Many of cisterns ceased to be used following the 1956 earthquake.
Speculation suggesting that Thera/Santorini was the inspiration for Plato's Atlantis began with the excavation of Akrotiri in the 1960s, and gained increased currency as reconstructions of the island's pre-eruption shape and landscape frescos located under the ash both strongly resembled Plato's description.
The name Thera was revived in the nineteenth century as the official name of the island and its main city, but the colloquial name Santorini is still in popular use. ==History== ===Minoan Akrotiri=== Excavations starting in 1967 at the Akrotiri site under the late Professor Spyridon Marinatos have made Thera the best-known Minoan site outside of Crete, homeland of the culture.
An estimated 2 million tourists visit annually. The island's pumice quarries have been closed since 1986, in order to preserve the caldera.
Archaeological discoveries in 2006 by a team of international scientists revealed that the Santorini event was much more massive than previously thought; it expelled of magma and rock into the Earth's atmosphere, compared to previous estimates of only in 1991, producing an estimated of tephra.
This has led to many of the historic cisterns falling into disrepair. The first desalination plant was built at Oia following a donation in 1992 by Oia born businessman Aristeidis Alafouzos.
In Pokemon Ruby and Sapphire and their remakes, the landscape of Sootopolis City was modeled after that of Santorini. The board game Santorini, inspired by the architecture of the island's cliffside villages, was published in 2004 by Gordon Hamilton. ==See also== List of volcanoes in Greece Santorini tomato Santorini (wine) Santorini cable car ==References== ===Notes=== ===Bibliography=== Forsyth, Phyllis Y.: Thera in the Bronze Age, Peter Lang Pub Inc, New York 1997.
This Bronze Age civilization thrived between 3000 and 2000 BC, reaching its peak in the period between 2000 and 1630 BC. Many of the houses in Akrotiri are major structures, some of them three stories high.
McBirney, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. History Channel's "Lost Worlds: Atlantis" archeology series.
By 2003 the plant had expanded to house three desalination units (of which two had been donated by Alafouzos).
In Pokemon Ruby and Sapphire and their remakes, the landscape of Sootopolis City was modeled after that of Santorini. The board game Santorini, inspired by the architecture of the island's cliffside villages, was published in 2004 by Gordon Hamilton. ==See also== List of volcanoes in Greece Santorini tomato Santorini (wine) Santorini cable car ==References== ===Notes=== ===Bibliography=== Forsyth, Phyllis Y.: Thera in the Bronze Age, Peter Lang Pub Inc, New York 1997.
The canopy covering the ruins collapsed in an accident in September 2005, killing one tourist and injuring seven more.
Archaeological discoveries in 2006 by a team of international scientists revealed that the Santorini event was much more massive than previously thought; it expelled of magma and rock into the Earth's atmosphere, compared to previous estimates of only in 1991, producing an estimated of tephra.
1500 BC) and the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt in the Bible. Other than the Bible, there is no historic evidence of any Jewish exodus from Egypt, at least not from the Egyptian sources. A 2006 documentary film by Simcha Jacobovici, The Exodus Decoded, postulates that the eruption of the Santorini Island volcano (referred to as c.
In 2007, the cruise ship MS Sea Diamond ran aground and sank inside the caldera.
It forms the southernmost member of the Cyclades group of islands, with an area of approximately 73 km2 (28 sq mi) and a 2011 census population of 15,550.
It was founded in May 2011, after the merging of the Municipal Water Supply and Sewerage Company of Thera (DEYA Thera) and the Community Water Supply and Sewerage Company of Oia (K .Ε.Υ.Α.
The site was re-opened in April 2012. The oldest signs of human settlement are Late Neolithic (4th millennium BC or earlier), but c.
In a 2013 book on this connection, Thera and the Exodus, a dissident from the consensus Riaan Booysen, tries to support Jacobovici's theory and claims the pharaoh of the Exodus to be Amenhotep III and the biblical Moses as Crown Prince Thutmose, Amenhotep's first-born son and heir to his throne. =====Speculation on an Atlantis connection===== Archaeological, seismological, and vulcanological evidence has been presented linking the Atlantis myth to Santorini.
There is a programme underway at a cost of €124 million as part of the Cyclades Interconnection Project to connect the island via a submarine cable to Naxos and hence by extension to the mainland system by 2023. A fire at the power station in Monolithos, on 13 August 2018 put it out of service, resulting in a total loss of electricity supply across the two islands.
As of 2019, Santorini is a particular draw for Asian couples who come to Santorini to have pre-wedding photos taken against the backdrop of the island's landscape. ==Geography== ===Geological setting=== The Cyclades are part of a metamorphic complex that is known as the Cycladic Massif.
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