The USSR sent the Sputnik 1 satellite on October 4, 1957.
This was because medical staff and spacecraft engineers were unsure how a human might react to weightlessness, and therefore it was decided to lock the pilot's manual controls. The first artificial object to flyby the Moon was Luna 1 on January 4, 1959 and went on to be the first probe to reach a [orbit] around the Sun.
The first probe to impact the surface of the Moon was the Soviet probe Luna 2, which made a hard landing on September 14, 1959.
The far side of the Moon was first photographed on October 7, 1959, by the Soviet probe Luna 3. On December 24, 1968, the crew of Apollo 8, Frank Borman, James Lovell and William Anders, became the first human beings to enter lunar orbit and see the far side of the Moon in person.
Analysis of the radio signals was used to gather information about the electron density of the ionosphere, while temperature and pressure data was encoded in the duration of radio beeps. The first successful human spaceflight was Vostok 1, carrying 27-year-old Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin in April 1961.
The far side of the Moon was first photographed on October 7, 1959, by the Soviet probe Luna 3. On December 24, 1968, the crew of Apollo 8, Frank Borman, James Lovell and William Anders, became the first human beings to enter lunar orbit and see the far side of the Moon in person.
Humans first landed on the Moon on July 20, 1969.
Apollo 13 had a failure of the Apollo service module, but passed the far side of the Moon at an altitude of above the lunar surface, and 400,171 km (248,655 mi) from Earth, marking the record for the farthest humans have ever traveled from Earth in 1970. The first robotic lunar rover to land on the Moon was the Soviet vessel Lunokhod 1 on November 17, 1970, as part of the Lunokhod program.
To date, the last human to stand on the Moon was Eugene Cernan, who as part of the Apollo 17 mission, walked on the Moon in December 1972.
Apollo 17 was followed by several uncrewed interplanetary missions operated by NASA. One of the notable interplanetary missions is Voyager 1, the first artificial object to leave our Solar System into interstellar space on August 25, 2012.
Voyager 1 is currently at a distance of (21.708 billion kilometers; 13.489 billion miles) from Earth as of January 1, 2019. == Hazards caused by space technology == ==See also== NewSpace Spacecraft propulsion ==References== == External links == NASA images and videos of space technology NASA solar system overview Space-Tech: To Infinity and Beyond
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