A shorter version for schools was published by Carl Jonas Love Almqvist, Svensk Rättstafnings-Lära in 1829. Already in the 1750s, voices had been raised to adopt spelling to pronunciation, but this didn't resonate with the conservatively minded Academy.
The Swedish Academy was founded in 1786 with the task of caring for Swedish literature and language, including the publication of a grand dictionary.
In 1801 the Academy published an official orthography (Carl Gustaf af Leopold, Afhandling om svenska stafsättet, 266 pages).
The Academy was not pleased, and as a countermeasure Johan Erik Rydqvist (1800–1877) published the first edition of SAOL in 1874, based on the orthography in Leopold's work of 1801.
A shorter version for schools was published by Carl Jonas Love Almqvist, Svensk Rättstafnings-Lära in 1829. Already in the 1750s, voices had been raised to adopt spelling to pronunciation, but this didn't resonate with the conservatively minded Academy.
Public schools were made mandatory in Sweden by law in 1842 and the influence of school teachers increased, as did the pressure to reform Swedish spelling.
In 1869 a pan-Scandinavian orthography congress (Nordiska rättstavningsmötet) gathered in Stockholm.
Secretary for the Swedish section was Artur Hazelius, who in 1871 published the proceedings of the conference.
The Academy was not pleased, and as a countermeasure Johan Erik Rydqvist (1800–1877) published the first edition of SAOL in 1874, based on the orthography in Leopold's work of 1801.
A second edition followed in the same year and new ones in 1875, 1880 and the 5th edition in 1883, without much change. To further reform, a Swedish orthographic society (Svenska rättstavningssällskapet) was formed on November 28, 1885, chaired by linguist Adolf Noreen (1854–1925), and published a journal Nystavaren.
A second edition followed in the same year and new ones in 1875, 1880 and the 5th edition in 1883, without much change. To further reform, a Swedish orthographic society (Svenska rättstavningssällskapet) was formed on November 28, 1885, chaired by linguist Adolf Noreen (1854–1925), and published a journal Nystavaren.
A second edition followed in the same year and new ones in 1875, 1880 and the 5th edition in 1883, without much change. To further reform, a Swedish orthographic society (Svenska rättstavningssällskapet) was formed on November 28, 1885, chaired by linguist Adolf Noreen (1854–1925), and published a journal Nystavaren.
A second edition followed in the same year and new ones in 1875, 1880 and the 5th edition in 1883, without much change. To further reform, a Swedish orthographic society (Svenska rättstavningssällskapet) was formed on November 28, 1885, chaired by linguist Adolf Noreen (1854–1925), and published a journal Nystavaren.
Tidskrift för rättskrivningsfrågor (4 volumes, 1886–1898, edited by Otto Hoppe).
This was a direct blow against the society's own dictionary published in 1886, and reform movement lost much of its momentum.
However, many of the proposed changes, albeit far from all, were introduced in the 6th edition of SAOL in 1889.
By a government resolution on November 16, 1889, the spelling used in this edition of SAOL was to be used for teaching in Swedish high schools (allmänna läroverk) and teacher colleges (seminarier).
In the 7th edition of SAOL in 1900, many of the old optional forms with Q were dropped. In 1898, school teachers started to sign mass petitions for further reform.
In the 7th edition of SAOL in 1900, many of the old optional forms with Q were dropped. In 1898, school teachers started to sign mass petitions for further reform.
In 1903, the association of Swedish public school teachers (Sveriges allmänna folkskollärarförening) requested a government ruling that it "would no longer be considered wrong" (ej måtte betraktas som fel) to write TT instead of DT and V instead of F, FV and HV.
Sweden's largest printed encyclopedia of all times, the 2nd edition of Nordisk familjebok was started in 1904 and used the old spelling through all 38 volumes until 1926.
More associations joined this petition in 1905.
A government proposal to this effect was signed on April 7, 1906, by education minister Fridtjuv Berg (1851–1916), and put before the parliament of 1907.
The liberal Fridtjuv Berg was a former school teacher and one of the founding members of the orthographic society. The reform of 1906 was the most radical in the history of Swedish orthography.
A government proposal to this effect was signed on April 7, 1906, by education minister Fridtjuv Berg (1851–1916), and put before the parliament of 1907.
The new spelling was adopted in schools starting in 1907.
A protest against the reform signed by 40,000 concerned citizens was handed to the government in 1908, but had no effect.
The proceedings of the Swedish parliament adopted the new spelling from the year 1913.
After endless discussions through the 19th century, a new Swedish Bible translation was finally adopted in 1917, using the new spelling.
The Academy introduced the new spelling in the 8th edition of SAOL in 1923.
Sweden's largest printed encyclopedia of all times, the 2nd edition of Nordisk familjebok was started in 1904 and used the old spelling through all 38 volumes until 1926.
The 9th edition appeared in 1950. In the 10th edition in 1973, the Academy tried to launch new alternative spellings such as jos ("juice"), without attracting any significant number of followers.
The 9th edition appeared in 1950. In the 10th edition in 1973, the Academy tried to launch new alternative spellings such as jos ("juice"), without attracting any significant number of followers.
The 11th edition of SAOL appeared in 1986 and the 12th edition in 1998.
The 11th edition of SAOL appeared in 1986 and the 12th edition in 1998.
In the 13th edition of SAOL in 2006, the Academy broke with this tradition, listing W as a letter of its own.
In 2015, the fourteenth edition (containing entries) was published. == History == The history of SAOL is the history of orthography of the Swedish language.
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