The first recorded competition was in 1891 in Berlin, Germany.
As well as existing as a sport, it often constituted a popular addition to Music Hall evenings, in the larger variety theatres of London or Glasgow which were equipped with on-stage water tanks for the purpose. In 1907, Australian Annette Kellerman popularised the sport when she performed in a glass tank as an underwater ballerina (the first water ballet in a glass tank) in the New York Hippodrome.
synchronised swimming competition took place at Wright Junior College between Wright and the Chicago Teachers' College. In 1924, the first competition in North America was in Montreal, with Peg Seller as the first champion. Other important pioneers for the sport are Beulah Gundling, Käthe Jacobi, Marion Kane Elston, Dawn Bean, Billie MacKellar, Teresa Anderson, Gail Johnson, Gail Emery, Charlotte Davis, Mary Derosier, Norma Olsen and Clark Leach.
Charlotte Davis coached Tracie Ruiz and Candy Costie, who won the gold medal in duet synchronised swimming at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles. In 1933 and 1934, Katherine Whitney Curtis organised a show, "The Kay Curtis Modern Mermaids", for the World Exhibition in Chicago.
Charlotte Davis coached Tracie Ruiz and Candy Costie, who won the gold medal in duet synchronised swimming at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles. In 1933 and 1934, Katherine Whitney Curtis organised a show, "The Kay Curtis Modern Mermaids", for the World Exhibition in Chicago.
The term eventually became standardised through the AAU, but Curtis still used the term "rhythmic swimming" in her book, Rhythmic Swimming: A Source Book of Synchronised Swimming and Water Pageantry (Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing Co., 1936). Curtis persuaded the AAU to make synchronised swimming an officially recognised sport in December 1941, but she herself transferred overseas in 1943.
On May 27, 1939, the first U.S.
In the 1940s and 1950s, Bert Hubbard and Donn Squire were among the top US male competitors. In 1978, the U.S.
The term eventually became standardised through the AAU, but Curtis still used the term "rhythmic swimming" in her book, Rhythmic Swimming: A Source Book of Synchronised Swimming and Water Pageantry (Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing Co., 1936). Curtis persuaded the AAU to make synchronised swimming an officially recognised sport in December 1941, but she herself transferred overseas in 1943.
In the U.S., men were allowed to participate with women until 1941, when synchronised swimming became part of the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU).
The term eventually became standardised through the AAU, but Curtis still used the term "rhythmic swimming" in her book, Rhythmic Swimming: A Source Book of Synchronised Swimming and Water Pageantry (Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing Co., 1936). Curtis persuaded the AAU to make synchronised swimming an officially recognised sport in December 1941, but she herself transferred overseas in 1943.
In 1979 the International Swimming Hall of Fame inducted Curtis with similar accolades. The first Official National Team Championships were held in Chicago at Riis Pool on August 11, 1946.
In the 1940s and 1950s, Bert Hubbard and Donn Squire were among the top US male competitors. In 1978, the U.S.
It will also be used at the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2020 European Aquatics Championships. == Olympic Games == The first Olympic demonstration was at the 1952 Olympic Games, where the Helsinki officials welcomed Kay Curtis and lit a torch in her honor.
In 1959 the Helms Hall of Fame officially recognised Curtis (along with Annette Kellerman) – ascribing to her the primary development of synchronised swimming.
She was the Director of Travel in post-war Europe until 1962.
It was not until 1968 that synchronised swimming became officially recognized by FINA as the fourth water sport next to swimming, platform diving and water polo. From 1984 through 1992, the Summer Olympic Games featured solo and duet competitions, but they were both dropped in 1996 in favor of team competition.
In the 1970s and 1980s, Ft.
From 1973 through 2001, the World Aquatics Championships featured solo, duet and team competitions.
In the 1940s and 1950s, Bert Hubbard and Donn Squire were among the top US male competitors. In 1978, the U.S.
In 1979 the International Swimming Hall of Fame inducted Curtis with similar accolades. The first Official National Team Championships were held in Chicago at Riis Pool on August 11, 1946.
In the 1970s and 1980s, Ft.
Curtis died in 1980, but synchronised swimming did not become an official Olympic sport until the 1984 Summer Olympic Games.
Artistic swimming is governed internationally by FINA, and has been part of the Summer Olympics programme since 1984. Synchronised swimming demands advanced water skills, requires great strength, endurance, flexibility, grace, artistry and precise timing, as well as exceptional breath control when upside down underwater.
Charlotte Davis coached Tracie Ruiz and Candy Costie, who won the gold medal in duet synchronised swimming at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles. In 1933 and 1934, Katherine Whitney Curtis organised a show, "The Kay Curtis Modern Mermaids", for the World Exhibition in Chicago.
Lauderdale swimming champion Charkie Phillips revived water ballet on television with The Krofftettes in The Brady Bunch Hour (1976–1977), NBC's The Big Show (1980), and then on screen with Miss Piggy in The Great Muppet Caper (1981). Margaret Swan Forbes published Coaching Synchronized Swimming Effectively in 1984; it was the first official teaching manual for synchronized swimming. In the late 19th century, synchronised swimming was a male-only event.
Curtis died in 1980, but synchronised swimming did not become an official Olympic sport until the 1984 Summer Olympic Games.
It was not until 1968 that synchronised swimming became officially recognized by FINA as the fourth water sport next to swimming, platform diving and water polo. From 1984 through 1992, the Summer Olympic Games featured solo and duet competitions, but they were both dropped in 1996 in favor of team competition.
Rules in other countries varied; in the UK, men were prohibited from competing until 2014, while in France, Benoît Beaufils was allowed to competed at national events in the 1990s.
It was not until 1968 that synchronised swimming became officially recognized by FINA as the fourth water sport next to swimming, platform diving and water polo. From 1984 through 1992, the Summer Olympic Games featured solo and duet competitions, but they were both dropped in 1996 in favor of team competition.
It was not until 1968 that synchronised swimming became officially recognized by FINA as the fourth water sport next to swimming, platform diving and water polo. From 1984 through 1992, the Summer Olympic Games featured solo and duet competitions, but they were both dropped in 1996 in favor of team competition.
He medalled in several international events, including the 1998 Goodwill Games.
At the 2000 Olympic Games, however, the duet competition was restored and is now featured alongside the team competition. ==World Aquatics Championships== Artistic swimming has been part of the World Aquatics Championships since the beginning.
From 1973 through 2001, the World Aquatics Championships featured solo, duet and team competitions.
In 2003, a free routine combination, comprising elements of solo, duet and team, was added.
In 2005, it was renamed free combination.
In 2007, solo, duet and team events were split between technical and free routines.
Since 2007, seven World championship titles are at stake.
USA Synchro's annual intercollegiate championships have been dominated by The Ohio State University, Stanford University, Lindenwood University, and The University of the Incarnate Word. ===In Canada=== In Canada, synchronized swimming has an age-based Structure system as of 2010 with age groups 10 & under, 12 & under, and 13–15 for the provincial levels.
Traditionally, the top teams hail from McGill University, Queens University and the University of Ottawa. ==Injuries== In their 2012 book Concussions and Our Kids, Dr.
Rules in other countries varied; in the UK, men were prohibited from competing until 2014, while in France, Benoît Beaufils was allowed to competed at national events in the 1990s.
However, international, national and regional competitions may allow men to compete, and FINA introduced a new mixed duet competition at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships.
However, at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships, FINA introduced a new mixed duet discipline.
In 2015, the mixed duet (technical and free) were added to the competition program. ==Basic skills== ===Sculls=== Sculls (hand movements used to propel the body) are some of the most essential part to synchronised swimming.
The 2016 European Aquatics Championships was the first time men were allowed to compete at the European Championships.
While men are allowed in more events, they were still barred from competing in the 2016 Summer Olympics.
FINA officially renamed the sport from "synchronized swimming" to "artistic swimming" in 2017—a decision that faced mixed reception. == History == At the turn of the 20th century, synchronised swimming was known as water ballet.
FINA did propose adding the mixed duet competition to the 2020 Summer Olympics. In July 2017, following a request by the IOC, FINA approved changes to its constitution that renamed synchronised swimming to artistic swimming.
Competitions where the new name was first used include the 2019 World Aquatics Championships and the 2018 Asian Games.
Competitions where the new name was first used include the 2019 World Aquatics Championships and the 2018 Asian Games.
FINA did propose adding the mixed duet competition to the 2020 Summer Olympics. In July 2017, following a request by the IOC, FINA approved changes to its constitution that renamed synchronised swimming to artistic swimming.
Most national governing bodies have adopted the new name, with the CEO of USA Artistic Swimming stating in 2020 that "19 of the top 25 countries in the world are either partially or fully using the name artistic swimming".
It will also be used at the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2020 European Aquatics Championships. == Olympic Games == The first Olympic demonstration was at the 1952 Olympic Games, where the Helsinki officials welcomed Kay Curtis and lit a torch in her honor.
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