This line is used only for special occasions. San Marino used to have a narrow gauge rail connection with Italy; this was dismantled in 1944. ===Stations=== Italy's top ten railway stations by annual passengers are: Stations with darker background are also served by High-speed trains == Roads == Italy is one of the countries with the most vehicles per capita, with 690 per 1000 people in 2010.
When using the rail passes, the date of travel needs to be filled in before boarding the trains. ===High speed trains=== Major works to increase the commercial speed of the trains already started in 1967: the Rome-Florence "super-direct" line was built for trains up to 230 km/h, and reduced the journey time to less than two hours.
This is the first high-speed train line in Europe, as its operations started in 1977. In 2009 a new high-speed line linking Milan and Turin, operating at 300 km/h, opened to passenger traffic, reducing the journey time from two hours to one hour.
In addition, there are direct shuttle boats between Venice and the Venice Marco Polo Airport. == Ports and harbours == {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" |- ! Busiest ports by cargo tonnage in Italy (2008) !! Busiest ports by passengers in Italy (2008) |- | | |} ==Air transport== === Airlines === Italy's largest airline is Alitalia, which was privatised in 2008.
The Italian railways are subsidised by the government, receiving €8.1 billion in 2009. Travellers who often make use of the railway during their stay in Italy might use Rail Passes, such as the European Inter-Rail or Italy's national and regional passes.
This is the first high-speed train line in Europe, as its operations started in 1977. In 2009 a new high-speed line linking Milan and Turin, operating at 300 km/h, opened to passenger traffic, reducing the journey time from two hours to one hour.
Italy has a total of 487,700 km of paved roads, of which 6,758 km are motorways with a general speed limit of , which since 2009 was provisioned for extension up to .
This line is used only for special occasions. San Marino used to have a narrow gauge rail connection with Italy; this was dismantled in 1944. ===Stations=== Italy's top ten railway stations by annual passengers are: Stations with darker background are also served by High-speed trains == Roads == Italy is one of the countries with the most vehicles per capita, with 690 per 1000 people in 2010.
Major Italian cargo operators are Alitalia Cargo and Cargolux Italia. ===Airports=== Italy is the fifth in Europe by number of passengers by air transport, with about 148 million passengers or about 10% of the European total in 2011.
Trains are divided into three categories: Frecciarossa ("Red arrow") trains operate at a maximum of 300 km/h on dedicated high-speed tracks; Frecciargento (Silver arrow) trains operate at a maximum of 250 km/h on both high-speed and mainline tracks; Frecciabianca (White arrow) trains operate at a maximum of 200 km/h on mainline tracks only. Since 2012, a new and Italy's first private train operator, NTV (branded as Italo), run high-speed services in competition with Trenitalia.
Even nowadays, Italy is the only county in Europe with a private high-speed train operator. Construction of the Milan-Venice high-speed line has begun in 2013 and in 2016 the Milan-Treviglio section has been opened to passenger traffic; the Milan-Genoa high-speed line (Terzo Valico dei Giovi) is also under construction. Today it is possible to travel from Rome to Milan in less than 3 hours (2h 55') with the Frecciarossa 1000, the new high-speed train.
However, in 2015, the British company Megabus (Europe) launched daily intercity bus services on several domestic routes This makes a daily total of 12 services in each direction between Rome and Bologna. Flixbus, a company founded in the course of the opening of the German intercity bus market also serves routes in Italy both domestic and international. ===Airport shuttle=== Airport shuttle buses, however, are highly developed and convenient for rail travellers.
Even nowadays, Italy is the only county in Europe with a private high-speed train operator. Construction of the Milan-Venice high-speed line has begun in 2013 and in 2016 the Milan-Treviglio section has been opened to passenger traffic; the Milan-Genoa high-speed line (Terzo Valico dei Giovi) is also under construction. Today it is possible to travel from Rome to Milan in less than 3 hours (2h 55') with the Frecciarossa 1000, the new high-speed train.
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