"Before UNEP: who was in charge of the global environment? The struggle for institutional responsibility 1968–72." Journal of Global History 14.1 (2019): 87-106. United Nations Environment Programme.
UNEP is also one of several Implementing Agencies for the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol. UNEP sometimes uses the alternative name UN Environment. ==History== In the 1970s, the need for environmental governance at a global level was not universally accepted, particularly by developing nations.
It was established by Maurice Strong, its first director, after the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm in June 1972.
Strong, through the sincerity of his advocacy, soon made it clear that all of us, irrespective of the stage of our development, have a large stake in the matter." After developing organisations such as the International Labour Organization, the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization, the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (the Stockholm Conference) was convened.
The location of UNEP in Nairobi was taken as "an explicitly political decision". ==Governance== ===Executive Director=== In December 1972, the UN General Assembly unanimously elected Maurice Strong to be the first head of UN Environment.
He was also secretary-general of both the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment and the Earth Summit (1992). The position was then held for 17 years (1975–1992) by Mostafa Kamal Tolba, who was instrumental in bringing environmental considerations to the forefront of global thinking and action.
In 1976 UNESCO launched an environmental education newsletter Connect as the official organ of the UNESCO-UNEP International Environmental Education Programme (IEEP).
Glaciers lost an average of about a foot of ice a year between 1980 and 1999, but since the turn of the millennium the average loss has increased to about 20 inches. Electric vehicles At the fifth Magdeburg Environmental Forum held in 2008, in Magdeburg, Germany, UNEP and car manufacturer Daimler AG called for the establishment of infrastructure for electric vehicles.
Under his leadership, UN Environment's most widely acclaimed success—the historic 1987 agreement to protect the ozone layer—the Montreal Protocol was negotiated.
The Global 500 Roll of Honour was initiated in 1987 and ended in 2003.
Since 1999 it has helped 40 countries to recover from the effect of disasters. ecosystem management environmental governance environment under review *UNEP provides information and data on the global environment to stakeholders including governments, non-governmental organizations and the public for them to engage in realizing the Sustainable Development Goals.
Glaciers lost an average of about a foot of ice a year between 1980 and 1999, but since the turn of the millennium the average loss has increased to about 20 inches. Electric vehicles At the fifth Magdeburg Environmental Forum held in 2008, in Magdeburg, Germany, UNEP and car manufacturer Daimler AG called for the establishment of infrastructure for electric vehicles.
Success in India's solar programme has led to similar projects in other parts of the developing world, including Tunisia, Morocco, Indonesia and Mexico. In 2001, UNEP alerted about the destruction of the Marshlands when it released satellite images showing that 90 percent of the marsh had been lost.
The 'Voluntary Indicative Scale of Contribution' established in 2002 has the role to increase the supporters of the UNEP.
The Global 500 Roll of Honour was initiated in 1987 and ended in 2003.
The UNEP "support for environmental management of the Iraqi Marshland" began in 2004, to manage the marshland area in an environmentally sound manner. UNEP has a programme for young people known as Tunza.
"Natural Allies: UNEP and Civil Society." Nairobi: United Nations Foundation, 2004. Paul Berthoud, A Professional Life Narrative, 2008, worked with UNEP and offers testimony from the inside of the early years of the organization. Dodds, F., Strauss, M., with Strong, M., 2012, Only One Earth: The Long Road via Rio to Sustainable Development.
The scientists measuring the health of almost 30 glaciers around the world found that ice loss reached record levels in 2006.
On average, the glaciers shrank by 4.9 feet in 2006.
Norway's Breidalblikkbrea glacier shrank 10.2 feet in 2006.
Glaciers lost an average of about a foot of ice a year between 1980 and 1999, but since the turn of the millennium the average loss has increased to about 20 inches. Electric vehicles At the fifth Magdeburg Environmental Forum held in 2008, in Magdeburg, Germany, UNEP and car manufacturer Daimler AG called for the establishment of infrastructure for electric vehicles.
"Natural Allies: UNEP and Civil Society." Nairobi: United Nations Foundation, 2004. Paul Berthoud, A Professional Life Narrative, 2008, worked with UNEP and offers testimony from the inside of the early years of the organization. Dodds, F., Strauss, M., with Strong, M., 2012, Only One Earth: The Long Road via Rio to Sustainable Development.
Created in 2012 to replace the Governing Council, it currently has 193 members and meets every two years. ===Structure=== UNEP's structure includes eight divisions: Science Division: aims to provide scientifically credible environmental assessments and information for sustainable development.
"Natural Allies: UNEP and Civil Society." Nairobi: United Nations Foundation, 2004. Paul Berthoud, A Professional Life Narrative, 2008, worked with UNEP and offers testimony from the inside of the early years of the organization. Dodds, F., Strauss, M., with Strong, M., 2012, Only One Earth: The Long Road via Rio to Sustainable Development.
He was succeeded by Elizabeth Dowdeswell (1992–1998), Klaus Töpfer (1998–2006), Achim Steiner (2006–2016), and Erik Solheim (2016–2018). UNEP's acting executive director Joyce Msuya took office in November 2018, following the resignation of Erik Solheim.
Inger Andersen was appointed Executive Director of UNEP by UN secretary-general António Guterres in February 2019. ===List of executive directors=== ===Environment Assembly=== The United Nations Environment Assembly is UNEP's governing body.
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