What became known as the Old University of Chicago had been founded by a small group of Baptist educators in 1856 through a land endowment from Senator Stephen A.
Walker of the Walker Museum, a relative of Cobb who encouraged his inaugural donation for facilities. The Hyde Park campus continued the legacy of the original university of the same name, which had closed in the 1880s after its campus was foreclosed on.
After a fire, it closed in 1886.
Founded in 1890, its main campus is located in Chicago's Hyde Park neighborhood.
During this period, the Oriental Institute was founded to support and interpret archeological work in what was then called the Near East. In the 1890s, the university, fearful that its vast resources would injure smaller schools by drawing away good students, affiliated with several regional colleges and universities: Des Moines College, Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University.
These connections have led the dean of the college and University of Chicago and professor of history John Boyer to conclude that the University of Chicago has, "a plausible genealogy as a pre–Civil War institution". William Rainey Harper became the university's president on July 1, 1891 and the Hyde Park campus opened for classes on October 1, 1892.
This became the Divinity School in 1891, the first professional school at the University of Chicago. Harper recruited acclaimed Yale baseball and football player Amos Alonzo Stagg from the Young Men's Christian Association training school at Springfield to coach the school's football program.
These connections have led the dean of the college and University of Chicago and professor of history John Boyer to conclude that the University of Chicago has, "a plausible genealogy as a pre–Civil War institution". William Rainey Harper became the university's president on July 1, 1891 and the Hyde Park campus opened for classes on October 1, 1892.
The northern and southern portions of campus are separated by the Midway Plaisance, a large, linear park created for the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition.
In 1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College in Mount Carroll, Illinois.
Stagg is the namesake of the university's Stagg Field. The business school was founded in 1898, and the law school was founded in 1902.
Stagg is the namesake of the university's Stagg Field. The business school was founded in 1898, and the law school was founded in 1902.
Harper died in 1906 and was replaced by a succession of three presidents whose tenures lasted until 1929.
The program passed into history by 1910. === 1920s–1980s === In 1929, the university's fifth president, 30-year-old legal philosophy scholar Robert Maynard Hutchins, took office.
The program passed into history by 1910. === 1920s–1980s === In 1929, the university's fifth president, 30-year-old legal philosophy scholar Robert Maynard Hutchins, took office.
Also, the philosophy oriented Committee on Social Thought, an institution distinctive of the university, was created. Money that had been raised during the 1920s and financial backing from the Rockefeller Foundation helped the school to survive through the Great Depression.
Harper died in 1906 and was replaced by a succession of three presidents whose tenures lasted until 1929.
The program passed into history by 1910. === 1920s–1980s === In 1929, the university's fifth president, 30-year-old legal philosophy scholar Robert Maynard Hutchins, took office.
The university also annually holds a summer carnival and concert called Summer Breeze that hosts outside musicians and is home to Doc Films, a student film society founded in 1932 that screens films nightly at the university.
Nonetheless, in 1933, Hutchins proposed an unsuccessful plan to merge the University of Chicago and Northwestern University into a single university.
It has offered a doctorate in music composition since 1933 and cinema and media studies since 2000, a master of fine arts in visual arts (early 1970s), and a Master of Arts in the humanities with a creative writing track (2000).
In 1935, the University of Chicago reached the Sweet Sixteen.
In 1935, Chicago Maroons football player Jay Berwanger became the first winner of the Heisman Trophy.
However, the university chose to withdraw from the Big Ten Conference in 1946 after University president Robert Maynard Hutchins de-emphasized varsity athletics in 1939 and dropped football.
(Mitchell Tower, for example, is modeled after Oxford's Magdalen Tower, and the university Commons, Hutchinson Hall, replicates Christ Church Hall.) In celebration of the 2018 Illinois Bicentennial, the University of Chicago Quadrangles were selected as one of the Illinois 200 Great Places by the American Institute of Architects Illinois component (AIA Illinois). After the 1940s, the campus's Gothic style began to give way to modern styles.
The university was the site of the first isolation of plutonium and of the creation of the first artificial, self-sustained nuclear reaction by Enrico Fermi in 1942. It has been noted that the university did not provide standard oversight regarding Bruno Bettelheim and his tenure as director of the Orthogenic School for Disturbed Children from 1944 to 1973. In the early 1950s, student applications declined as a result of increasing crime and poverty in the Hyde Park neighborhood.
The university was the site of the first isolation of plutonium and of the creation of the first artificial, self-sustained nuclear reaction by Enrico Fermi in 1942. It has been noted that the university did not provide standard oversight regarding Bruno Bettelheim and his tenure as director of the Orthogenic School for Disturbed Children from 1944 to 1973. In the early 1950s, student applications declined as a result of increasing crime and poverty in the Hyde Park neighborhood.
It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity" and is a founding member of the Association of American Universities and was a member of the Committee on Institutional Cooperation from 1946 through June 29, 2016, when the group's name was changed to the Big Ten Academic Alliance.
However, the university chose to withdraw from the Big Ten Conference in 1946 after University president Robert Maynard Hutchins de-emphasized varsity athletics in 1939 and dropped football.
Since 1946, the university has organized the Latke-Hamantash Debate, which involves humorous discussions about the relative merits and meanings of latkes and hamantashen. == People == , there have been 100 Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of Chicago, 21 of whom were pursuing research or on faculty at the university at the time of the award announcement.
The university was the site of the first isolation of plutonium and of the creation of the first artificial, self-sustained nuclear reaction by Enrico Fermi in 1942. It has been noted that the university did not provide standard oversight regarding Bruno Bettelheim and his tenure as director of the Orthogenic School for Disturbed Children from 1944 to 1973. In the early 1950s, student applications declined as a result of increasing crime and poverty in the Hyde Park neighborhood.
Ray Solomonoff, one of the founders of the field of machine learning as well as Kolmogorov complexity, got a BS and MS in Physics in 1951, studying under Rudolf Carnap. In economics, notable Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences winners Milton Friedman, a major advisor to Republican U.S.
UChicago is often considered the birthplace of improvisational comedy as the Compass Players student comedy troupe evolved into The Second City improv theater troupe in 1959.
Robie House, a Frank Lloyd Wright building acquired by the university in 1963, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site as well as a National Historic Landmark, as is room 405 of the George Herbert Jones Laboratory, where Glenn T.
Since 1963, the Festival of the Arts (FOTA) takes over campus for 7–10 days of exhibitions and interactive artistic endeavors.
After continued turmoil, a university committee in 1967 issued what became known as the Kalven Report.
In 1969, Chicago reinstated football as a Division III team, resuming playing its home games at the new Stagg Field.
It has offered a doctorate in music composition since 1933 and cinema and media studies since 2000, a master of fine arts in visual arts (early 1970s), and a Master of Arts in the humanities with a creative writing track (2000).
The university was the site of the first isolation of plutonium and of the creation of the first artificial, self-sustained nuclear reaction by Enrico Fermi in 1942. It has been noted that the university did not provide standard oversight regarding Bruno Bettelheim and his tenure as director of the Orthogenic School for Disturbed Children from 1944 to 1973. In the early 1950s, student applications declined as a result of increasing crime and poverty in the Hyde Park neighborhood.
After the sit-in ended, when Dixon turned down a one-year reappointment, 42 students were expelled and 81 were suspended, the most severe response to student occupations of any American university during the student movement. In 1978, history scholar Hanna Holborn Gray, then the provost and acting president of Yale University, became President of the University of Chicago, a position she held for 15 years.
from UChicago in 1978. Other prominent alumni include anthropologists David Graeber and Donald Johanson, who is best known for discovering the fossil of a female hominid australopithecine known as "Lucy" in the Afar Triangle region, psychologist John B.
Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project, a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools.
About 60% of undergraduate students live on campus. For graduate students, the university owns and operates 28 apartment buildings near campus. === Traditions === Every May since 1987, the University of Chicago has held the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt, in which large teams of students compete to obtain notoriously esoteric items from a list.
She was the first woman in the United States to hold the presidency of a major university. === 1990s–2010s === In 1999, then-President Hugo Sonnenschein announced plans to relax the university's famed core curriculum, reducing the number of required courses from 21 to 15.
She was the first woman in the United States to hold the presidency of a major university. === 1990s–2010s === In 1999, then-President Hugo Sonnenschein announced plans to relax the university's famed core curriculum, reducing the number of required courses from 21 to 15.
Another master plan, designed in 1999 and updated in 2004, produced the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center (2003), the Max Palevsky Residential Commons (2001), South Campus Residence Hall and dining commons (2009), a new children's hospital, and other construction, expansions, and restorations.
The changes were ultimately implemented, but the controversy played a role in Sonnenschein's decision to resign in 2000. From the mid-2000s, the university began a number of multimillion-dollar expansion projects.
It has offered a doctorate in music composition since 1933 and cinema and media studies since 2000, a master of fine arts in visual arts (early 1970s), and a Master of Arts in the humanities with a creative writing track (2000).
Another master plan, designed in 1999 and updated in 2004, produced the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center (2003), the Max Palevsky Residential Commons (2001), South Campus Residence Hall and dining commons (2009), a new children's hospital, and other construction, expansions, and restorations.
This is an increase from the numbers published in the year 2007 by the student activities office stating that one in ten undergraduates participated in Greek life. === Student housing === On-campus undergraduate students at the University of Chicago participate in a [system] in which each student is assigned to one of the university's 7 residence hall buildings and to a smaller community within their residence hall called a "house".
In 2008, the University of Chicago announced plans to establish the Milton Friedman Institute, which attracted both support and controversy from faculty members and The institute will cost around $200 million and occupy the buildings of the Chicago Theological Seminary.
In 2009, planning or construction on several new buildings, half of which cost $100 million or more, was underway.
In fall 2010, the university opened a center in Beijing, near Renmin University's campus in Haidian District.
Since 2011, major construction projects have included the Jules and Gwen Knapp Center for Biomedical Discovery, a ten-story medical research center, and further additions to the medical campus of the University of Chicago Medical Center.
In 2011, Travel+Leisure listed the university as one of the most beautiful college campuses in the United States. The first buildings of the campus, which make up what is now known as the Main Quadrangles, were part of a master plan conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb.
In 2011, the university completed the glass dome-shaped Joe and Rika Mansueto Library, which provides a grand reading room for the university library and prevents the need for an off-campus book depository. The site of Chicago Pile-1 is a National Historic Landmark and is marked by the Henry Moore sculpture Nuclear Energy.
The Joe and Rika Mansueto Library, built in 2011, houses a large study space and an automated book storage and retrieval system.
In 2012–2013, the Core classes at Chicago were limited to 17 courses, and are generally led by a full-time professor (as opposed to a teaching assistant).
The Reva and David Logan Center for the Arts opened in October 2012, five years after a $35 million gift from alumnus David Logan and his wife Reva.
Voices placed 4th in 2012, 2nd in 2015 and 2017, and 3rd in 2018.
He plans to step down in 2021, and his successor has been named as chemist Paul Alivisatos, who currently serves as provost at the University of California, Berkeley. The university's endowment was the 12th largest among American educational institutions and state university systems in 2013 and was valued at $8.2 billion.
As of the 2013–2014 school year, 15 courses and demonstrated proficiency in a foreign language are required under the Core.
In 2013, the university formed an affiliation with the formerly independent Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass.
The university's competitive Model United Nations team was the top-ranked team in North America in 2013–14, 2014–2015, 2015–2016, and again for the 2017–2018 season.
In 2014 the university launched the public phase of a $4.5 billion fundraising campaign.
The most recent additions are a center in New Delhi, India, which opened in 2014, and a center in Hong Kong which opened in 2015. == Administration and finance == The university is governed by a board of trustees.
The university's competitive Model United Nations team was the top-ranked team in North America in 2013–14, 2014–2015, 2015–2016, and again for the 2017–2018 season.
The most recent additions are a center in New Delhi, India, which opened in 2014, and a center in Hong Kong which opened in 2015. == Administration and finance == The university is governed by a board of trustees.
In the autumn quarter of 2015, the university enrolled 3,588 graduate students: 438 in the Biological Sciences Division, 801 in the Humanities Division, 1,102 in the Physical Sciences Division, 1,165 in the Social Sciences Division, and 52 in the Institute for Molecular Engineering. The university is home to several committees for interdisciplinary scholarship, including the John U.
The university's competitive Model United Nations team was the top-ranked team in North America in 2013–14, 2014–2015, 2015–2016, and again for the 2017–2018 season.
Voices placed 4th in 2012, 2nd in 2015 and 2017, and 3rd in 2018.
It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity" and is a founding member of the Association of American Universities and was a member of the Committee on Institutional Cooperation from 1946 through June 29, 2016, when the group's name was changed to the Big Ten Academic Alliance.
The university's competitive Model United Nations team was the top-ranked team in North America in 2013–14, 2014–2015, 2015–2016, and again for the 2017–2018 season.
Voices placed 4th in 2012, 2nd in 2015 and 2017, and 3rd in 2018.
(Mitchell Tower, for example, is modeled after Oxford's Magdalen Tower, and the university Commons, Hutchinson Hall, replicates Christ Church Hall.) In celebration of the 2018 Illinois Bicentennial, the University of Chicago Quadrangles were selected as one of the Illinois 200 Great Places by the American Institute of Architects Illinois component (AIA Illinois). After the 1940s, the campus's Gothic style began to give way to modern styles.
Harper Memorial Library is now a reading and study room. === Research === According to the National Science Foundation, University of Chicago spent $423.9 million on research and development in 2018, ranking it 60th in the nation.
The architects later removed sections of the bricks when pressure arose in the form of complaints that the views of the city were blocked. == Student body and admissions == In Fall 2018, the university enrolled 6,595 undergraduate students, 9,899 graduate students, and 616 non-degree students.
Voices placed 4th in 2012, 2nd in 2015 and 2017, and 3rd in 2018.
It enrolled 16,445 students in Fall 2019, including 6,286 undergraduates and 10,159 graduate students.
The business school is currently ranked first in the US by US News & World Report and first in the world by The Economist, while the law school is ranked fourth by US News & World Report and first by Above the Law. Chicago has also been consistently recognized to be one of the top 15 university brands in the world, retaining the number three spot in the 2019 U.S.
Notable alumni and faculty affiliated with the university include 33 Nobel laureates in Economics. In addition, many Chicago alumni and scholars have won the Fulbright awards and 54 have matriculated as Rhodes Scholars. === Alumni === In 2019, the University of Chicago claimed 188,000 alumni.
The Barack Obama Presidential Center is expected to be housed at the university and will include both the Obama presidential library and offices of the Obama Foundation. The University of Chicago's students, faculty, and staff have included 100 Nobel laureates as of 2020, giving it the fourth-most affiliated Nobel laureates of any university in the world.
The current chairman of the board of trustees is Joseph Neubauer, and the current provost is Ka Yee Christina Lee, who stepped in in February 2020 after the previous provost, Daniel Diermeier, left to become Chancellor of Vanderbilt University.
In 2020, The A Cappella Archive ranked Voices at #5 out of all ICCA-competing groups. ==== Student government ==== All recognized student organizations, from the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt to Model UN, in addition to academic teams, sports clubs, arts groups, and more are funded by The University of Chicago Student Government.
He plans to step down in 2021, and his successor has been named as chemist Paul Alivisatos, who currently serves as provost at the University of California, Berkeley. The university's endowment was the 12th largest among American educational institutions and state university systems in 2013 and was valued at $8.2 billion.
ARWU has consistently placed the University of Chicago among the top 10 universities in the world, and the 2021 QS World University Rankings placed the university in 9th place worldwide.
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